BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
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2026
·Vol. 40
·期 3
·e70382
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IF 1.7
Linghao Zhao,Wei Yang,Shengjin Cui,Jingang Luo,Yaxin Cao,Nan Yan,Hongying Wang
Interference is a significant source of laboratory errors that can cause erroneous measurement results. In clinical practice, all the measured results should exclude the influence of interference. In this study, the ion exchange high-performance liquid chromatography of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was evaluated via three brands of HbA1c analyzers, and 12 endogenous and 24 exogenous substances were added to hemoglobin solutions with different HbA1c levels to simulate the corresponding clinical samples. After the potential interfering substances were screened via interference screening testing, the interference concentration thresholds of each potential interfering substance were determined on the basis of dose–response experiment. When these substances exceed the interference concentration thresholds, elevated HbA1c values are caused by endogenous cholic acid and low pH, whereas exogenous ethanol increases HbA1c measurements in samples with low values. However, HbA1c measurements decreased in samples with high values. Although there are some differences in the thresholds of interferent concentrations between different brands of analyzers, the differences are not significant. On the basis of the detailed interference concentration thresholds and interference substances, this evidence can be provided to clinical laboratory experts and help them interpret and determine the testing results of clinical laboratories.
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ELECTROANALYSIS
·
2026
·Vol. 38
·期 2
·e70115
·
IF 2.6
Haixu Wang,Tingwei Zhang,Zhen Sun,Xiaonan Qi,Rongsong cao,Chuanlai Jiao
Efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts are crucial for the advancement of rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs). In this article, we successfully synthesized a high-performance catalyst R-CoOOH@FeOOH through the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Additionally, in situ Raman characterization results indicate that CoFe@NC-w undergo electrochemical reconstruction during the OER, leading to the formation of CoOOH and FeOOH species. This dynamic structural evolution is responsible for the enhanced OER activity of the catalyst. This transformation endowed the catalyst with exceptional OER activity. In addition, the catalyst exhibited exceptional performance in the oxygen reduction reaction, which shows a half-wave potential of 0.86 V vs. (RHE) reversible hydrogen electrode. When integrated into a ZAB, the catalyst delivers a low charging potential of 2.3 V at a high current density of 50 mA cm −2 , accompanied by an excellent long-term durability of 600 h. These findings offer viable strategies for the development of high-performance catalysts for ZAB.
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POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Qingfeng Sun,Qingguang Bao,Shan Cheng,Ning Wang,Jingyao Feng,Zhenghui Liu,Nan Li,Xigao Jian
MXene materials have shown considerable promise for application in fiber interface modification. However, current research remains largely focused on MXene deposition methods, with relatively little attention given to modification techniques for MXene materials. During MXene deposition, interlaced agglomeration often occurs, causing voids on carbon fibers and weakening composite interfacial properties. Therefore, modifying MXene to prevent interlayer bonding is essential for improving interfacial performance. This study combines flexible, multi-active-group CD-MOF with high-strength MXene via in situ growth, synthesizing a modified “soft-exterior, rigid-interior” MXene-MOF hybrid. An APTES-MOF-MXene-MOF interlayer was further constructed. Characterizations (XPS, Raman, SEM) confirmed that the interlayer introduced oxygen-containing groups, enhancing surface activity, roughness, and resin infiltration. The alternating soft–rigid structure also alleviated the modulus mismatch between fiber and resin, reducing stress concentration. Mechanical tests showed that the interlayer improved interlaminar shear, flexural, and tensile strengths by 58.94%, 34.91%, and 18.55%, respectively, along with enhanced dynamic thermomechanical properties. Failure behavior and interfacial mechanisms were investigated, demonstrating that this approach effectively suppresses MXene agglomeration and significantly enhances interfacial performance, offering a viable strategy for CFRTP improvement. Highlights A MOF-MXene-MOF sandwich heterostructure was synthesized. APTES-MOF-MXene-MOF greatly strengthens CF/PPESK composite's interfacial bonding. APTES-MOF-MXene-MOF interfacial layer efficiently relieves stress concentration.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Nabi Bux,Danruo Luo,Shan Qian,He Guo,Sadam Hussain Tumrani,Razium Ali Soomro,Guodong Zhang,Qiuling Ma,Jian Zhou,Tiecheng Wang
The wide occurrence of sulfonamide antibiotics in water environments poses a great threat to ecological system and human health. Cobalt-based catalysts are well known for advanced oxidation processes (AOP), but the synergistic role of heteroatoms is still uncertain. In this work, a new type of heterogeneous Co based catalyst with sulfur as the ligand (Co@S-N-C) was transferred through a straightforward one-pot pyrolysis approach for efficient activating peracetic acid (PAA) to degrade sulfadiazine (SDZ). Systematic characterization confirmed that the co-doping by S and N in carbon induced the formation of several cobalt species (Co 0 , Co 2+ , and Co 3+ ) and built a unique electronic structure featuring in abundant defects and large specific surface area. The Co@S-N-C/PAA system exhibited exceptional catalytic efficacy, accomplishing total SDZ degradation in 25 min and a substantial mineralization rate of 78.2% within 90 min, markedly surpassing the performance of single heteroatom-doped catalysts (Co@N-C and Co@S-C). Mechanistic investigations indicated that •OH and CH 3 COO• contributed 66.4% and 34.1% to SDZ degradation, respectively. DFT calculations revealed that S-N co-doping increased the electron transfer from low-valent cobalt sites to PAA, promoting O-O bond splitting. The catalyst exhibited excellent stability with 71% activity retention and minimal Co leaching (5%) after four cycles. Based on these results, five primary degradation pathways for SDZ were proposed, and the results of ecotoxicity analysis showed that the transformation products were less toxic. Overall, this work provides significant insights into the development of high-performance dual-heteroatom-doped catalysts to form the PAA-mediated AOP for wastewater treatment.
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Xue Wang,Lin He,Zihan Li,Zongqian Hu
In modern medicine, glycemic control is critical for the health of individuals with diabetes. Over decades of care, patients with diabetes have relied on glucose meters for monitoring and on insulin or adjunct hypoglycemic agents for glycemic control. Frequent blood sampling and injections increase infection risk, restrict patient mobility, and generate substantial single-use medical waste. We present a simple, user-friendly closed-loop blood-glucose management system. The system integrates a highly sensitive glucose sensor and a controllable drug-release module within a dual-mode microneedle array, coupled with a miniature electrochemical workstation, thereby enabling dynamic glucose monitoring, precise drug delivery, and stable glycemic control with minimal patient intervention. The system's design demonstrates potential for achieving closed-loop glucose management. Preliminary proof-of-concept studies in diabetic mouse models yielded positive trends in relevant data. This work establishes an engineering framework integrating dual-mode microneedle devices with portable bioelectronic devices, providing a technical foundation for future mid-to-long-term closed-loop glucose management.
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POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Yubin Luo,Liu Zhong,Shengyong Yang,Kanstantsin S. Livanovich,Haoqun Hong,Dong Xie
This study systematically investigates how solvent–monomer hydrogen bonding influences the stereoregularity of chain segments in the free-radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc). Combining density functional theory (DFT) calculations, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and polymer property analysis, we examined the correlation among solvent hydrogen bond strength, polymer stereoregularity, and material performance. Three solvents with different hydrogen bond donor abilities—methanol (MeOH), trifluoroethanol (TFE), and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)—were selected for study. FTIR spectra reveal that stronger hydrogen bonding causes a gradual red shift in the C=O absorption peak, confirming solvent–monomer complex formation. DFT results further show that increasing solvent fluorination shortens the solvent–VAc coordination distance and enhances hydrogen bond energy (MeOH < TFE < HFIP), consistent with the observed rise in syndiotactic stereoregularity of the resulting poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Experimentally, stronger hydrogen bonding yields PVA with higher molecular weight, crystallinity, and improved thermal and mechanical properties. By integrating theoretical insight with experimental validation, this work demonstrates that solvent design can effectively regulate stereoregularity in free-radical polymerization, offering a feasible strategy toward synthesizing high-performance PVA materials.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Xu-Han Liu,Zhe Zhai,Ling-Ling Tao,Nan-Yu Chen,Yong-Xian Cheng
Intranasal vaccination is promising against respiratory infections but hindered by the mucus barrier. To overcome the adhesion-penetration dilemma, we developed a virus-inspired hybrid nanoparticle (GHNP) by functionalizing a cationic polymer/lipid core (HNP) with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP). By tuning the surface modification density of GLP, GHNP achieved balanced mucosal interaction and penetration, with an optimal GLP-to-HNP mass ratio of 1:24. The optimized GHNP(1/24) (∼104 nm, +27 mV) markedly enhanced mucus penetration via its virus-mimetic pseudo-zwitterionic interface. This led to improved antigen uptake under mucin barrier conditions by 79-fold in dendritic cells and 25-fold in macrophages. In a murine intranasal immunization model, the intrinsic immunostimulatory activity of GLP, mediated through TLR2/4 activation, further potentiated the immune response, eliciting robust mucosal and systemic immune responses. Specifically, GHNP(1/24) elevated bronchoalveolar sIgA 1.5-fold and serum IgG 1.6-fold compared to antigen alone, while maintaining a balanced IgG1/IgG2a profile. This work establishes a modular platform that bridges structural biomimetics and carbohydrate immunoengineering, offering a tunable, dual-functional strategy for advanced mucosal vaccine design that surpasses the capabilities of traditional delivery systems which often address either adhesion or immunostimulation alone.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Yehua Yang,Jiaqi Li,Xuejin Li,Qichang Huang,Weiwei Jiang,Wei Zhang,Yuqian Jiang,Yao Tang
Phyllanthus emblica L. is a fruit with high medicinal and edible value. Its main bioactive component, gallic acid (GA), is significantly increased by hot air drying, yet the underlying chemical mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the temperature-dependent transformation of phenolics during drying (80–130 °C) using UHPLC-MS/MS and Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS). High-temperature drying (110 to 130 °C) increases the GA content by 13.4–26.9 fold. Integrated metabolomic analysis suggests this accumulation results primarily from two nonenzymatic pathways: the thermal hydrolysis of glucose galloyl derivatives (e.g., glucogallin, digalloylglucose, and trigalloylglucose), and the degradation of glucuronic acid galloyl derivatives (e.g., 2-O-galloylgalactaric acid and monogalloylgalactonolactone). While temperatures >110 °C maximize gallic acid yield, the Maillard reaction products (e.g., 5-HMF) were also promoted. These findings elucidate the chemical mechanism of GA accumulation via ester bond cleavage, providing a scientific basis for optimizing drying protocols to balance medicinal quality and safety.
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Science Advances
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·
IF 13.9
Jiaxin Guo,Kan Li,Jianxing Liang,Diwen Ying,Xiaoqian Song,Yi He,Jinping Jia
At present, the traditional anthraquinone method is the main method for producing high-quality and high-concentration H 2 O 2 , but it involves the use of H 2 , resulting in high carbon emissions and certain risks. The double-electron oxygen reduction reaction has become a more environmentally friendly alternative method for producing H 2 O 2 . However, at high overpotentials, the production and conversion rates of H 2 O 2 are still limited. Here, we report an electrochemical method that can convert H 2 O and formaldehyde into high-concentration H 2 O 2 and high-value formate salts with high product purity under environmental conditions. At a current density of 30 milliamperes per square centimeter, continuous operation for 5 hours can produce 6.522% (m/v) H 2 O 2 , and the product does not contain acid, alkali, or excessive impurities. Faraday efficiency reaches 83%. The chronopotentiometry method shows stable current performance of the electrode after 360 hours of operation. This low-carbon, safe, and sustainable approach provides a promising alternative to traditional H 2 O 2 production.
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Advanced Science
·
2026
·
IF 14.1
Haiyan Xiao,Jia-Fu Yin,Linjie Lan,Wei Liu-Fu,Panchao Yin
The polymeric organic glass suffers from the intrinsic tradeoffs among mechanical strengths, hardness, and impact resistance from their chain topologies, limiting their extensive applications. Herein, a polymer-free approach is developed for the fabrication of glass by crosslinking sub-nm particle using dynamic covalent bonds. The sub-nm polysilsesquioxane (POSS) particle is crosslinked by the dynamic boronic ester bonds when 1,4-phenylenediboronic acid is doped. The high crosslink density with homogeneous distribution of POSS endows the fabricated films with high elastic modulus (1.79 ± 0.43 GPa), hardness (0.36 ± 0.03 GPa), and transparency (>89.5% transmittance). The dynamic feature of the network enables excellent impact resistance beyond typical polymers by showing highenergy dissipation capacity (258.14 J cm −3 ). The dynamic network also grants feasible processability that films with thickness as 1.3 µm can be fabricated through simple hot press. Moreover, due to the enriched B─O bonds and hydroxyl groups, high adhesive strengths as 8.20 ± 0.98 MPa for single lap shear strength on typical glass substrate can be achieved. This study provides new chemical systems to the design of glass with the capability to achieve balanced comprehensive performance in hardness, adhesiveness, (re)processability, and impact resistance besides its inherent high mechanical strength and transparency.
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JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Shijie Du,Shujing Yan,Muyasaer Aisana,Huan Xu,Hanjing Xue,Chunhong Zhong,Xiaoli Gao,Chunli Chen
20α-Hydroxyprogesterone (20α-DHP) is an endogenous progestogenic metabolite of progesterone, biosynthesized primarily through the catalytic action of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD). To screen for highly active 20α-HSDs, five enzymes derived from phylogenetically diverse species—human, orangutan, mouse, bovine, and porcine—were systematically evaluated using multiple sequence alignment, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. The corresponding genes were subsequently expressed heterologously in E. coli BL21(DE3), and activity screening identified the human-derived 20α-HSD as the superior candidate. Enzymatic characterization revealed maximal activity at pH 8.0 and 35°C, negligible sensitivity to metal ions, and high substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency. Expression conditions were further optimized, with 0.2 mM IPTG at 20°C for 20 h established as the optimal induction parameters. Systematic optimization of reaction parameters—including organic solvent types and optimal concentration of the organic solvent, catalytic time, NADPH concentration, and recombinase concentration —achieved a progesterone conversion rate of 66.75%. To minimize cofactor consumption and enhance process economics, a glucose dehydrogenase-mediated NADPH in situ regeneration system was constructed, sustaining a conversion rate of 64.62%. Scale-up to a 100 mL preparative reaction yielded a conversion rate of 60.83%. Following column chromatography purification, 20α-DHP was isolated in 45.36% yield with 95% purity, as confirmed by HPLC and ¹H NMR analyses. In summary, this study achieved the successful heterologous expression of 20α-HSD in E. coli and established an efficient, green, and highly selective biosynthetic route for 20α-DHP, providing a viable technical foundation for its potential industrial-scale production.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Huifang Yang,Tong Li,Wenhao Yang,Yunyue Shan,Shanbai Xiong,Yueqi An
This study elucidated enzymatic pathways driving fishy odor intensification in chilled grass carp fillets. Lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase-LOX (HPL-LOX), and phospholipase (PLA) inhibitors reduced fishy odorants by 67.31%, 91.89%, and 58.23%, respectively, while lipase (LPS) inhibition showed no effect. Substrate-enzyme simulation systems [lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) with PLA, LOX, HPL, LOX-PLA, LOX-HPL, or LOX-PLA-HPL] revealed pathways via kinetic analysis. LOX directly oxidized LPC to LPC-hydroperoxide (LPCOOH), which was cleaved by LOX-HPL to odorants (k = 0.765). In the presence of PLA, hydrolysis of LPC released free fatty acids (FFAs); LOX then catalyzed FFA and LPC oxidation to fatty acid hydroperoxides (ROOH) and LPCOOH, generating odorants via LOX-HPL cleavage (k = 1.056). LOX exhibited higher affinity for FFAs versus LPC, while HPL favored ROOH over LPCOOH. These results identify LOX-PLA-HPL synergy as the core mechanism for fishy odor generation, providing a theoretical foundation for targeted enzyme inhibition in aquatic product preservation.
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