Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124477
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IF 7.5
Ke Yin,Juntai Tian,Ziwei Wang,Bichun Huang
Morphology engineering is an effective strategy to regulate the catalytic performance of transition metal oxides for chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOCs) elimination, yet the morphology-dependent response to surface modification and its intrinsic mechanism remain insufficiently understood. Herein, cubic Co 3 O 4 -c and plate-like Co 3 O 4 -p with distinct surface defect densities were selected as model catalysts to systematically reveal the morphology-dependent effect on chlorobenzene (CB) oxidation, with surface phosphorylation employed as a regulated means to probe the intrinsic morphology-dependent regulation mechanism. Surface phosphorylation exhibits a significant morphology-dependent feature. It retains the intrinsic spinel structure of Co 3 O 4 and triggers surface electronic redistribution via constructed Co–O–P bonds. High-defect Co 3 O 4 -p presents favorable responsiveness to phosphorylation, which synchronously boosts acid sites, surface Co 3 + proportion and adsorbed active oxygen content. By contrast, phosphate species partially cover surface active sites of low-defect Co 3 O 4 -c, leading to activity decline. The optimized HP-Co 3 O 4 -p delivers a T 90 value of 330 ℃ toward CB combustion, 23 ℃ lower than pristine Co 3 O 4 -p, and retains 84% conversion after 10 h reaction with mitigated attenuation. Mechanism analysis demonstrates that the morphology-dependent effect originates from the difference in surface defect density. On high-defect Co 3 O 4 -p, P–OH groups supply protons to facilitate C–Cl bond activation and HCl desorption, and phosphate moieties alleviate chlorine enrichment and restrain polychlorinated byproducts. This work reveals the morphology-dependent phosphorylation mechanism of Co 3 O 4 and guides the rational design of efficient CVOCs catalysts.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2026
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IF 19.7
Ting An,Yuxiang Li,Jiajun Wang,Qian Yang,Yaao Li,Chao Feng,Dalei Chang,Jinfeng Zhang,Feng Yu,Bin Dai,Zongyuan Wang
The practical implementation of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) for ammonia synthesis is critically hindered by its inherent sensitivity to temperature fluctuations, which leads to unpredictable selectivity shifts among NO 3 RR, nitrite reduction reaction (NO 2 RR), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Using Cu 2 O as a model catalyst, the temperature-dependent competition among different pathways within the 10–40 °C range was elucidated. An atomically dispersed Co-doped Cu 2 O catalyst (Co-Cu 2 O) was then designed to function as a thermal-adaptive platform. Mechanistic studies reveal that the atomically dispersed Co sites not only enhance the intrinsic hydrogenation capability but also dynamically stabilize key N-H intermediates (*NOH, *NH 2 , and *NH 3 ) against temperature variations. This synergistic effect stabilizes the reaction pathway toward NH 3 , enabling robust and selective ammonia production under thermal perturbations. As a result, the Co-Cu 2 O catalyst maintains a Faradaic efficiency (FE) for NH 3 above 90 % across the entire 10–40 °C temperature window and achieves a remarkable NH 3 production rate of 53.79 mg h −1 mg cat −1 at 40 °C. This work provides fundamental insights into temperature-mediated catalysis and establishes an effective design strategy for wide-temperature electrocatalysts.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 5.2
Zan Tan,Fengping Hou,Xiaojing Yang,Li Yang,Nan Dong
Electrochemical detection of diquat (DQ) herbicide residue faces challenges in achieving the trade-off among selectivity, sensitivity, and stability in complex matrices. To overcome this, we reported a supramolecular electrochemical sensor (P6-TATR/AB/GCE) based on a newly synthesized electron-rich, hydrophobic pillar[6]arene-triazatruxene derivative (P6-TATR) integrated with acetylene black (AB). The sensor leverages the high conductivity and electrocatalytic activity of AB, while P6-TATR enables selective DQ recognition through synergistic electrostatic interaction, host-guest complexation, and competitive adsorption. This synergistic combination facilitates rapid DQ reduction at the electrode interface, enabling high-performance DQ monitoring. The proposed sensor demonstrated a low detection limit (0.784 nM), wide linear range (0.001–16.0 μM), and exceptional specificity against 100-fold interfering pesticides and ions. The sensor exhibited excellent reproducibility, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 2.43% (intra-day), 2.94% (inter-day), and 3.08% (batch-to-batch). It also demonstrated robust long-term stability, retaining 90.4% of its initial signal after 150 days. Practical application in food and environmental samples yielded satisfactory recoveries (80.0%–116.0%) with RSD ≤ 7.4% ( n = 3), which were corroborated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) validation. The fabricated electrode outperforms existing DQ sensors in selectivity and stability, offering a new strategy for utilizing hydrophobic macrocycles in electrochemical analysis.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2026
·
IF 5.3
WeiHang Yao,JunYi Ye,PingPing Shen,Richa Raj,BoYang Yu,Xiaorong He,Jian Zhang
This study aims to expand the application of handheld near-infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning in quantitative analysis of Epimedium . After establishing and evaluating several promising models: Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR), Extra Trees (ET), Extreme Gradient Boosting (eXGB), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), we selected PLSR and SVR for further optimization due to their excellent performance in terms of R 2 and RMSE. Employing the NIPPY library for data preprocessing and a genetic algorithm for feature selection, models for predicting the contents of four active components in Epimedium were successfully established. The GA-SVR hybrid model delivered the following predictive performance for the four target components: icariin (R 2 :0.9556, RMSE:0.0031, Avg. MAPE:2.07%), epimedin A (R 2 :.9586, RMSE:0.0004, Avg. MAPE:3.60%), epimedin B (R 2 :0.9432, RMSE:0.0003, Avg. MAPE:3.58%) and epimedin C (R 2 :0.9232, RMSE:0.0182, Avg. MAPE:2.33%). These findings establish a novel paradigm for high-throughput analysis and quality assessment of food and traditional Chinese medicine active ingredients.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Tingyu Chen,Ziwen Ying,Long Ding,Jun Liu,Zhen Shang,Shengming Xu,Yinghe Zhang
With the rapid development of the electric vehicle market, recycling of spent batteries will undoubtedly become an urgent issue to be addressed. Conventional batteries recycling method regarded graphite as a waste by-product rather than a valuable functional material, leading to its degradation during high-temperature or chemical processes aimed at metal recovery. From the perspectives of environment and economy, recovering graphite from used lithium-ion batteries is of utmost importance. This study presented a microwave-assisted phosphoric acid leaching technique, which can rapidly and economically recovery degraded graphite. The synergistic effects of microwave radiation and mild phosphoric acid leaching could effectively remove metal impurities and repair graphite structural defects, leading to an excellent electrochemical performance. The regenerated graphite providing a reversible capacity of 368 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at a 0.2C current, with an enhanced capacity retention rate of 99.9%. This technology avoids the traditional energy-intensive graphitization process and the use of strong acid, thus establishing an industrial-feasible and environmentally friendly closed-loop graphite recycling model.
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Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Kehan Qu,Yujie You,Qiangyu Xue,Sanyu Yi,Yinsong Si
The integration of ultrahigh thermal stability, minimal thermal conductivity, and robust mechanical flexibility into a single thermal insulation material remains a critical challenge, especially for safeguarding against transient thermal extremes like lithium battery thermal runaway. This study presents an all-inorganic flexible membrane fabricated via a facile electrospinning technique, which strategically embeds hollow silica (SiO 2 ) microspheres (HSMs) within a scaffold of SiO 2 nanofibers (SNF). This design yields a 3D self-lubricating architecture that confers extraordinary mechanical durability, withstanding over 100 000 bending cycles under 99% strain and 72 h of vibration without significant weight loss—a performance that surpasses conventional ceramics by orders of magnitude. Simultaneously, the composite membrane exhibits an ultralow and stable thermal conductivity of 31.39 mW m −1 K −1 , together with a high specific airflow resistance of 122.11 (kPa S m −1 ) mm −1 , synergistically inhibiting heat conduction and convection. The SNF/HSMs composite membrane demonstrates exceptional thermal resilience, enduring long-term exposure at 1100°C and surviving drastic thermal shocks from 1300°C to −196°C. When evaluated in a practical flame test at 700°C, a mere 5-mm-thick membrane effectively maintains a low backside temperature of ≈160°C. This work establishes a groundbreaking design principle for high-performance, flexible thermal protection systems.
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PubMed
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LANGMUIR
·
2026
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IF 4.4
Jianwen Su,Junwen Tang,Shaoqiu Wang,Han Fu,Kai Fan,Yuzhou Zhao,Shuaishuai Fang,Xiaoming Cai,Ming Qin,Jinming Cai
Olivine LiFePO4 (LFP) is regarded as a particularly viable cathode for lithium-ion batteries and is distinguished by its remarkable thermal safety, long-term cycling performance, and favorable environmental profile. Nevertheless, the implementation of this material in high-power applications remains constrained by inherently poor electrical conductivity and sluggish kinetics of lithium-ion transport. Conventional carbon-coating strategies generally rely on external carbon sources, whereas this study proposes a novel dual-functional precursor approach using Prussian blue (PB, Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3) as both iron and carbon sources to synthesize carbon-coated LFP (LFP/C) via a one-step sintering process. Electrochemical evaluations show that the synthesized material displays an excellent initial discharge capacity of 160.3 mAh·g–1 at 0.2C and retains 119.1 mAh·g–1 even under a high-rate condition of 6C. Upon returning to 0.2C, the capacity rebounds to 160.9 mAh·g–1, reflecting exceptional rate performance and structural reversibility. Furthermore, capacity retentions of 96.7% and 84.3% are achieved after 500 cycles at 1C and 5C, demonstrating remarkable long-term cycling stability. These performance enhancements originate from the in situ formed carbon layer and highly ordered structure derived from the PB precursor. The former establishes an efficient electron-conducting network and suppresses particle growth, while the latter promotes the formation of uniformly distributed particles, facilitating electrolyte infiltration and lithium-ion transport. This work confirms that the use of PB as a dual-functional precursor constitutes a straightforward and efficient approach to synthesizing high-performance LFP/C, providing a new pathway for developing high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
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ACS Sensors
·
2026
·
IF 10.9
Hexin Li,Li Jiang,Huiwen Ren
Flexible pressure sensors play a key role in fields such as health monitoring, smart wearables, environmental sensing, and human−computer interaction. These applications require sensors capable of accurately detecting a wide range of signals across diverse scenarios. However, achieving both high sensitivity and good linearity across a wide pressure range remains a significant challenge, primarily due to the limited compressibility of conventional sensor materials and structures. Herein, we report iontronic pressure sensors based on hollow microstructures. The hollow microstructure effectively enhances the compressibility of the dielectric layer, yielding a high sensitivity (131.1−3364.1 kPa−1) over a wide pressure range (2000 kPa). Moreover, by designing programmable gradient hollow microstructures, we simultaneously achieve high sensitivity (626.9 kPa−1) and excellent linearity (R2 = 0.998) over a wide pressure range (620 kPa). These resulting sensors exhibit ultrahigh pressure resolution (>0.004%) over the full pressure range. These sensors are capable of detecting a variety of signals, including pulse, swallowing, muscle movement, and bending, and can be applied to applications across varied pressure ranges. This demonstrates their substantial potential for applications in health monitoring and human−computer interaction. The proposed design strategy is generalizable and is expected to enhance the performance of sensors based on different sensing mechanisms.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
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IF 4.7
Yuxi Jia,Jianxin Zhou,Tao Zhang,Wenjie Xu,Weini Wang
Flexible multimodal sensors capable of simultaneously monitoring pressure and temperature stimuli are essential for wearable health monitoring and electronic skin applications. Here, we present an ultrasensitive iontronic bimodal sensor featuring well-ordered microstructures templated from rose petal surfaces. By integrating temperature-dependent resistance with pressure-dependent capacitance in a microstructured PVA/H3PO4 iontronic film, we achieve dual-mode pressure–temperature measurement and develop a compensation algorithm to enhance signal accuracy under coupled stimuli. The synergistic effect of the microstructured interface and electric double layer endows the sensor with ultrahigh pressure sensitivity (1466 kPa–1), a wide sensing range (10–300 kPa), and a rapid response time (7.8 ms). Simultaneously, the sensor exhibits linear temperature sensing with a coefficient of −1.51 °C–1 across the range of 25–60 °C. The developed compensation algorithm effectively decouples pressure–temperature cross-interference, enabling accurate pressure measurements under varying thermal conditions. The fabricated sensors successfully monitor diverse human motions and subtle physiological signals, including throat activities, muscle contractions, nasal breathing, and radial artery pulses, demonstrating significant potential for real-time physiological monitoring and wearable healthcare applications.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
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IF 5.5
Lixia Li,Paihao Yan,Dongxu Zhang,Tao Feng,Quan Yuan,Yanhong Liu,Hailong Liu,Baodong Mao
The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has emerged as a promising strategy for ammonia (NH3) synthesis under ambient conditions. However, the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) not only significantly restricts the overall efficiency of the NO3RR process, but also inevitably wastes electrical energy. In this study, we synthesized a series of CuCo layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets by adjusting the Cu/Co ratio, which demonstrate enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the NO3RR at the cathode and organic pollution degradation at the anode. Specifically, Cu2Co1-LDH nanosheets exhibit an exceptional NH3 yield of 0.32 mmol h–1 cm–2 and a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 82.24% at −1.0 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Meanwhile, the optimized Cu4Co1-LDH nanosheets achieve highly efficient 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) oxidation reaction (DOR) at 1.9 V vs RHE, which is 1.5 times higher than that of the Cu1Co1-LDH. Ultimately, the Cu2Co1-LDH cathode and Cu4Co1-LDH anode were coupled to form an asymmetric NO3RR||DOR bifunctional system that maintains a high NH3 yield and 2,4-DCP degradation at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 under a cell voltage of 1.89 V, 230 mV lower than that of the NO3RR||OER arrangement. A series of electrochemical tests reveal that the excellent electrocatalytic performance of the CuCo-LDH nanosheets stems from the bimetallic synergy and layered nanostructure, which effectively inhibit the competing reactions and enhance the charge-transfer efficiency. This study demonstrates an effective design for bifunctional nanocatalysts to address the kinetic sluggishness in the NO3RR and a strategy for asymmetric coupling with the degradation of organic pollutants.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
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IF 5.8
Peng Wu,Yuanyuan Ma,Hongyu Wang,Jianghong Wu,Sheng Fan,Yu Zheng,Yongfeng Li,Lifeng Ding
The electrochemical oscillation (EO) exhibited by Cu anodes during dissolution in H 3 PO 4 /Cl - mixed electrolytes significantly influence the efficacy of processes such as metal surface treatment, precision electroplating, and electrochemical mechanical polishing(ECMP). While Cl - ions have been identified as the key factor inducing oscillations, the mechanism governing their interaction with coexisting cations remains unclear. This study, integrating electrochemical analysis, anodic film surface characterisation, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, reveals the decisive regulatory role of cations in oscillation mechanisms and corrosion film properties. The findings indicate that, when the influence of Cl - ion concentration is excluded, Na + ions primarily fulfil charge-balancing functions, while Ni 2+ and Al 3+ ions exert synergistic regulatory effects at the active interface. Ni 2+ ions form pure CuCl films through strong adsorption, prolonging oscillation periods. Conversely, Al 3+ ions promote the formation of CuCl/Cu(II)/AlO 4 /Al(OH) x composite films, accelerating film dissolution and shortening periods. The specificity of cations directly determines the stability and dissolution kinetics of films on the Cu anode surface. This study establishes the role of cations as key variables in the electrolytic process, providing a theoretical foundation for understanding EOs and passivation mechanisms.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Linfeng Nie,Weiman Li,Guangxin Ma,Haidi Liu,Xin Zhou,Yunfa Chen
The control of vehicle evaporative emissions has become increasingly critical, as they represent a significant source of atmospheric pollution. Activated carbon used in canisters serves as the key material for managing these emissions. However, research on the structure-property relationship between activated carbon pore structure and gasoline vapor adsorption performance remains insufficient. To address this, this work proposes a “waste control by waste” strategy, using distiller's grains (DG) from Baijiu production to produce biochar with a narrow pore size distribution for efficient gasoline vapor adsorption. The effects of activating agent ratio, activation atmosphere, and post-treatment (desiliconization) on pore structure were systematically investigated. By combining online analysis of evolved gases during activation with multiple characterization methods, the pore structure formation mechanism of DG-based biochar was elucidated. Among these activation factors, the activating agent H 3 PO 4 acts as a dehydrating agent and a cross-linking promoter, inhibiting biomass pyrolysis and creating pores. Oxygen in the activation atmosphere helps form microporous structures. The post-treatment, desiliconization process, tailored etches Si and creates controlled 1–2 nm pores. Furthermore, through adsorption experiments at varying n-butane (gasoline vapor substitute) concentrations, the correlation between pore structure and adsorption performance was clarified. Notably, this work challenges the conventional understanding of the optimal pore size for VOC adsorption, which is regarded as 1.5–3 times the adsorbate kinetic diameter. The novel pore-concentration dependency is put forward. The optimal sample (1.75DGP-Air) demonstrated high adsorption capacity, low isosteric adsorption heat, and excellent cycling stability, providing both theoretical and practical guidance for developing high-performance gasoline vapor adsorption materials.
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