CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.6
Honglei Wang,Chuhan Sun,Xingui Zhou,Jinshan Yu
Tantalum carbide (TaC) matrix composites are widely used in aerospace thermal protection systems due to their high melting point and excellent thermal shock resistance. In the precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process, the TaC precursor plays a critical role in the fabrication of the composites. However, conventional tantalum alkoxide precursors often suffer from insufficient crosslinking sites and lack of molecular-level mixing between the Ta and C sources. To address these issues, this study synthesized an unsaturated TaC precursor using tantalum pentachloride (TaCl 5 ) and 3-buten-1-ol as reactants, with allyl novolac resin (AN) introduced as the carbon source. The C=C bonds in the structure acted as active crosslinking centers during copolymerization, leading to the formation of a densely cross-linked network in the PTC-Butene precursor. Using PTC-Butene solution as the precursor and 30 vol% carbon fiber felt as the reinforcement, C f /TaC composites were successfully fabricated by PIP process. The composites were subjected to oxyacetylene ablation tests for 10, 60 and 120 s, and the ablation mechanisms were systematically investigated. Results show that during ablation, a molten Ta 2 O 5 layer formed on the surface, which acted as a barrier against oxygen diffusion. However, this oxide layer was continuously eroded by the high-speed gas flow. Carbon fibers helped alleviate thermal stress and suppress matrix cracking, yet inherent pores within the composites and channels left after fiber oxidation provided pathways for oxygen infiltration.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Xiaoyan He,Xin Tian,Shuo Ma,Yuanyuan Lu,Jing Li,Yanling Liang,Zhiqiang Wang,Zhepin Tan,Xiaoquan Lu
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) function as organic pollutant treatment systems with the unique advantage of recovering energy from waste. However, their energy recovery efficiency is often constrained when degrading toxic organic compounds. This study constructed a MFC system incorporating a TiO 2 -PPy/CF photoanode. TiO 2 with a nanoflower structure was fabricated, the loading of PPy particles on the partial surface of TiO 2 nanoflowers not only remarkably improved the MFC's power generation performance but also extended the photoresponse range of TiO 2 and efficiently suppressed the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.This electrode integrates biocatalytic and photocatalytic functions within a single structure, enabling both efficient electricity generation and phenol removal from wastewater. Under a specific solar light intensity, it achieved an impressive degradation efficiency of 77.30 % for 40 mg/L phenol within 5 h—6.1 times higher than that of the pure bacterial system (12.67 %)—thus highlighting its superior photocatalytic degradation capacity. Ultimately, with the assistance of biodegradation, the overall degradation efficiency reached 89.95 %, and the maximum power density achieved 5070 mW/m 3 . Furthermore, in contrast to the CF anode (4.32 %), the TiO 2 -PPy/CF photoanode for the first time achieved a significant increase in the abundance of Elusimicrobiota to 40.70 %, corresponding to a relative enhancement rate of ~842 % and demonstrating robust biofilm enrichment potential. Moreover, the underlying mechanism was elucidated: electron transfer is enhanced via multiple internal and external synergistic pathways, including pili and cytochromes. This work not only developed a high-performance integrated photoanode but also, critically, established a new paradigm for performance breakthroughs through the targeted modulation of functional microbial communities via electrode engineering.
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Materials Today Communications
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Shuai Zhao,Dayang Cai,Jinxing Sun,Jingpeng Luo,Jiaming Bai
ZnO@CF hybrids were prepared via wet-chemical deposition followed by thermal treatment. • ZnO surface modification increased CF surface roughness and favored interfacial interlocking. • ZnO@CF/PEEK exhibited higher complex viscosity and storage modulus than CF/PEEK. • 10-ZnO@CF/PEEK achieved a UTS of 125.4 MPa, 8.1% higher than 10-CF/PEEK. Powder bed fusion (PBF) of carbon fiber-reinforced polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) composites is often constrained by weak fiber–matrix interfacial bonding. Here, ZnO nanoparticles were deposited onto milled CFs via an in situ wet-chemical route to enhance mechanical interlocking. ZnO surface modification increased CF surface roughness (8.2 to 11.3 nm) and specific surface area (by 57.2%). While slightly increasing melt viscosity, ZnO@CF significantly improved composite mechanical properties: 10-ZnO@CF/PEEK achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 125.4 MPa (8.1% higher than 10-CF/PEEK), and 15-ZnO@CF/PEEK reached a Young’s modulus of 8.80 GPa and a flexural strength of 181.9 MPa. Fracture surface analysis confirmed enhanced matrix adhesion on pulled-out fibers, demonstrating effective interfacial stress transfer driven by nanoscale topographical features. This work provides an efficient strategy for interfacial regulation in additively manufactured PEEK composites. Download: Download high-res image (266KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Materials Today Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 7.4
Yinchuan Pu,JingHao Zhong,Xiang Cai,Kangle Xue,Li Liu
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs), known for their excellent high specific strength, have become crucial materials in the development of modern high-performance industries. In this study, a mild and simple self-assembly strategy was implemented using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (PVBC) to construct a novel three-dimensional polymer macrostructure on carbon fibers (CFs). Such a configuration was achieved through a binary solvent system, comprising a good solvent and a poor solvent, which controlled the deposition morphology of PVBC chains. The interfacial strength and toughness of CFRPs were significantly improved without compromising fiber strength. Compared to composites reinforced with the pristine CF or those modified with traditional thin polymer coatings (CF-P-PVBC), the three-dimensional microstructured CF-P-PVBC-W composites exhibited significant improvements in interfacial shear strength (IFSS), interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), and impact toughness. Particularly, when the water-to-dichloromethane ratio was 2:1, the most pronounced enhancements in IFSS and ILSS were observed, reaching values of 101.75 MPa and 101.41 MPa, respectively. The proposed strategy offers a novel approach to enhance the interfacial adhesion of CFRPs via polymer modification.
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Applied Materials Today
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Wenjian Zhang,Xiaoling He,Guanghan Huang,Yu Zhang,Guannan Yang,Chengqiang Cui,Xinxin Sheng
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are ideal 1D materials with nanometer-scale diameters, offering outstanding electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties, making them widely used in thermal management applications. In this study, high-density CNTs were grown perpendicular to the fiber axis on the carbon fiber (CF) surface to synthesize an innovative CF-CNTs filler. This filler manifests multi-directional thermal conductivity, meaning that heat can be conducted along the axes of both CF and CNTs simultaneously. Then, CF-CNTs were vertically oriented and combined with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare the dual-oriented elastic composite, VACPCN. CF-CNTs hybrid and composites have been tested in multiple dimensions to characterize their unique morphology and physicochemical properties, confirming the successful preparation of CF-CNTs. Due to composite’s fabulous thermal conductivity and elasticity, VACPCN-15 was employed for chip thermal management, reducing the chip’s operating temperature by 6.9 °C. Meanwhile, the composite demonstrated high absorbance (23) and absorptivity (97.9 %) under low load (5 %). After irradiation with a simulated sunlight for 600 s, its temperature rose to 120.1 °C, which is 35.1 °C higher than that of PDMS. Furthermore, VACPCN indicated outstanding thermal cycling and photothermal cycling stability. Overall, the VACPCN exhibits substantial promise for transformative applications in the fields of microelectronic thermal management and solar energy conversion, offering a compelling solution for addressing the growing demands for efficient heat dissipation and renewable energy utilization.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热能工程
·
太阳能技术
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yining Wang,Yuxi Pan,Mingguang Zhang,Yu Deng,Zhimin Wang,Xigao Jian,Yousi Chen
Grounded in the principle of “like dissolves like”, the development of water-soluble sizing agents characterized by matrix-like structures has emerged as a focal point of research within the interface domain. Nevertheless, the reliance exclusively on the entanglement forces between the sizing agent and the matrix is deemed inadequate. In this study, a novel water-soluble dual-component sizing agent tailored for the nylon 6 (PA6) resin matrix has been developed. By leveraging the self-emulsifying and water-soluble properties of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) and polyamic acid (PAA), these components are concurrently introduced onto the fiber surface. Following treatment, a distinct interfacial region is established on the fiber surface as a result of their interactions. Exploiting their intrinsic differences at processing temperatures facilitates differential wetting of the matrix resin on the fiber surface, consequently resulting in the formation of a “mechanical interlocking” structure between the fiber and the matrix. The findings reveal that the flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength of the modified CF/PA6 composites achieved values of 977.8 MPa and 74.1 MPa, corresponding to enhancements of 27.4 % and 28.8 %, respectively, when compared to their unmodified counterparts. This innovative sizing agent not only significantly enhances interfacial adhesion but also confers high added-value potential to lignin-derived materials, a factor that is essential for future sustainable development.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2025
·
IF 8.9
Yi Xue,Zhuang Huang,Zehao Yang,Jiamei Luo,Yong Liu,Minqiang Jiang,Hui Zhang,Jianyong Yu
In this study, through a targeted experimental approach, polyethersulfone/carbon nanotubes (PES/CNTs) films with variable carbon nanotubes (CNTs) contents were fabricated by the phase inversion approach and employed in carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites prepared by the vacuum-assisted resin infusion process to upgrade the toughness of composites. The dissolution of the PES/CNTs films in the epoxy resin was revealed to be controllable, which guaranteed a gradient distribution of polyethersulfone and CNTs between the layers. As observed, the CF/EP composites with PES/CNTs films containing 0.5 phr CNTs provided the optimized mode I fracture toughness with a 120.4% increase in G IC compared to the reference. Whereas, the G IIC of the composites with PES/CNTs film containing 1.0 phr CNTs was increased by 92.5%. Additionally, observation of the fracture surfaces of mode I and mode II specimens by scanning electron microscopy revealed that PES/CNTs films toughened CF/EP composites via three mechanisms: i) crack deflection and secondary microcracks initiation caused by polyethersulfone microspheres, ii) cracks bridging effect and pull-out from the epoxy matrix of CNTs and iii) CNTs distributed between epoxy matrix and polyethersulfone microsphere led to more energy consumption, which had a synergistic effect. This method overcomes the trade-off between toughness and stiffness in traditional interleaving methods, providing a new approach for the manufacturing of high-performance CF/EP composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
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聚合物复合材料
·
纳米技术
·
机械工程
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高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Kaixuan Lei,Wenzhen Qin,Shulin Bai,Jianfan Cao,Liang Chen
Improving the weak interfacial bonding of carbon fiber (CF)/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites is an extremely urgent need. Addressing this issue, sizing modification on CF surfaces is a conventional and effective method. In this work, polyethersulfone-polystyrene sulfonate sodium (PES-NaPSS) was successfully synthesized by UV illumination. A novel surfactant-free aqueous PES-NaPSS sizing agent was prepared by emulsion/solvent evaporation method to regulate the interface of CF/PEEK composites. From the XPS and SEM results, it can be seen that PES-NaPSS was uniformly coated on the CF surfaces, which introduced the reactive groups on the CF surfaces. The PES-NaPSS sizing agent exhibits good thermal performance and storage stability, meeting the needs for high temperature processing of CF/PEEK composites. Compared with the unsized CF/PEEK composites, the ILSS, flexural strength and modulus of the 0.9 wt% PES-NaPSS modified CF/PEEK composite are improved by 32.8 %, 40.3 % and 37.4 %, respectively. Accordingly, the mechanisms of the interface improvement are physical riveting, chain entanglement, chemical and physical interactions between the PES-NaPSS and PEEK matrix. This green and effective method of interface improvement will supply a prerequisite for the extensive application of CF/PEEK composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Guohong Pu,Weijing Hu,Fangxing Liu,Zhuoni Jiang,Yongsheng Li,Ren He,Kai Zhang,Zhengguo Chen,Wenbin Yang
To address the challenges of global water pollution and scarcity, solar-driven interfacial water evaporation has emerged as a viable method for producing clean water. Nevertheless, the efficacy of most extant interfacial evaporation systems were contingent upon abundant sunlight, thereby constraining their utility. To surmount the limitation, this study introduced a coupled tunable photo-thermal and Joule-heating process for interfacial evaporation utilizing carbon fiber (CF) modified by N-doped carbon nanotubes (NC). The CF@NC had highly graphitized structure, excellent light-absorbing ability and hydrophilicity, which made it suitable for photo-thermal and Joule-heating conversion. Under the coupled effect of photo-thermal and Joule-heating, the evaporation rate reached 10.37 kg·m −2 ·h −1 with 1 sun and 2.5 V, while the rate was 1.81 kg·m −2 ·h −1 under only 1 sun and 7.63 kg·m −2 ·h −1 with 2.5 V. Meanwhile, the CF@NC fabric evaporator also showed promising potential in salt tolerance and dye wastewater treatment. Under continuous all-day operation, a superior purification performance was achieved, which realized long periods of no salt operation and effectively remove the Rhodamine B and methyl orange in the water. Considering the high evaporation rate and reliable water yields obtained from simulated seawater and dye wastewater, the CF@NC fabric evaporator hold great promise for highly efficient purification.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Yingjun Liu,Jin Wang,Ran Jing,Yang Zhang,Zhongni Liao,Yufei Zu
Continuous carbon fiber-toughened ZrB 2 -based composites (C f /ZrB 2 -based composites) are potential thermo-structural materials suitable for ultra-high temperature applications. To improve the fracture properties, polydopamine-derived carbon (PDC) was deposited on carbon fibers and used as a boundary layer of C f /ZrB 2 -based composite (C f /PDC/ZrB 2 ). Results indicated that PDC was applied uniformly to fibers, with no instances of cross-sticking observed among adjacent fibers. The matrix could effectively infiltrate into the intra-bundle region, resulting in the formation of a highly dense C f /PDC/ZrB 2 composite. PDC can effectively modulate the interface of C f /ZrB 2 -based composite. Using polydopamine-derived carbon (PDC) as a boundary layer, the average interfacial shear strength of the composite was decreased from 369 MPa to 133 MPa. The fracture toughness of C f /PDC/ZrB 2 composite was 8.4 MPa·m 1/2 , representing a 19 % enhancement in comparison with the composite without a PDC layer. The work of fracture of C f /PDC/ZrB 2 composite was 8.5 kJ·m −2 , significantly surpassing that of the composite without a PDC layer (1.7 kJ·m −2 ). The outstanding fracture properties can be attributed to the beneficial interfacial bonding established by PDC layer between fiber and matrix, which promotes the activation of toughening mechanisms including crack branching/deflection and fiber bridging/pull-out.
研究领域:
材料科学
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工程学
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高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·e202405511
·
IF 2
Lu Shen,Yingxuan Wang,Miaomiao Lu,Chengbo Ni,Pengfei Zhou,Liping Zhao
Graphical Silk fibroin modified CF (CF–SF) was acted as a reinforced additive to enhance the corrosion resistance and anti-erosion properties via improving the interfacial adhesion between CFs and resin matrix. The exceptional protective coating can extend the service life of the equipment in a severe marine environment. Carbon fibers (CFs), characterized by high tensile strength, elastic modulus, and excellent chemical resistance, serve as an appropriate filler for coating reinforcement. However, the inadequate fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion makes it difficult to prepare high performance CF-reinforced composites. Therefore, we synthesized a kind of silk fibroin modified CF (CF─SF) as a reinforced-additive for strengthening the corrosion resistance and anti-erosion properties via improving the interfacial adhesion between CFs and resin matrix. The impedance value of composite coating including 1 wt% CF—SF (CF—SF/EP) was 1.65 × 108 Ωˑcm 2 after immersion, which was two orders of magnitude greater than that of the pure EP coating. In addition, the erosion experiments results showed that the volume loss of EP/CF—SF coating was 132.6 mm 3 , which decreased by 36.4% and 17.4% compared with EP/CF and EP/CF─O, respectively. The average depth of the CF—SF/EP coating (0.27 mm) was the shallowest among the coatings. Ultimately, we examined the protective mechanism of the CF–SF/EP coating.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Zahoor Ahmad,Jianjun Chen,Hao Chen,Hafsa,Muhammad Arfan,Tauseef Shahid,Xiaohong Li,Zaheer Hussain
In this work, we studied the effects of protective boron nitride/silconaluminocarbide (BN/SiAlC) interphases on the structural and mechanical properties of fabricated stacked carbon fiber-reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (C f /SiC CMCs) via the hot-press sintering route. The structural analyses were carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while mechanical properties were elucidated by employing universal testing machine. The observed sharp diffraction peaks indicate excellent crystallization, and the formation of 4 H -SiC polytype was attributed to the partial transition of β -SiC phase during high-temperature sintering. The composite with single BN interface layer revealed enhanced bending strength of up to 364 ± 39.46 MPa (↑40 %), while composite with double layered interface showed optimal strength of 436 ± 33.54 MPa, and toughness of 6.11 ± 0.74 MPa m 1/2 , with increments of 67.7 % and 128.8 %, respectively, compared to the composite without interphase layer. In the composite with duplex interfacial layer (3BN/SiAlC), the microcracks generated during fracture propagated into the BN layer, deflected through both the sublayers and at the fiber-BN interface, resulting in fiber pull out using fracture energy, leading to the enhanced strength and toughness of the composite. The load-displacement curve revealed that the stacking C f /SiC CMCs with weak interlayer binding owing to the BN/SiAlC coating treatment possesses significant toughness to the SiC ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
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高影响因子
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