CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Ayoub El Idrissi,QiRui Li,Teng Long,Yufan Liu,Yutao Xu,Youhui Chen,Banlian Ruan,Lingbin Lu
Addressing water scarcity and agricultural sustainability under climate stress requires multifunctional materials with autonomous multisource hydration capable of harvesting moisture and supporting plant growth. Here, we report the development of a biodegradable, hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), urea and CaCl 2 for integrated atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) and soil conditioning. Incorporation of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a templating agent significantly enhanced the hydrogel's porosity and water uptake, as confirmed by SEM and BET surface analysis, which revealed increased pore volume, surface area, and morphological uniformity. The optimized CMCU@CaCl 2 hydrogel exhibited a high-water sorption capacity of 2.13 g/g at 90 % relative humidity and 25 °C, maintaining stable performance across 20–90 % RH. The condensed water met WHO purity standards, validating its suitability for agricultural applications. Agronomic trials demonstrated that the hydrogel extended maize plant survival from 7 to 20 days under drought conditions while maintaining comparable morphological traits to irrigated controls. Moreover, the hydrogel's ability to retain moisture and gradually release nitrogen improved soil water content and nutrient availability, enhancing drought resilience. This work introduces a cost-effective and scalable CMC-based hydrogel platform with strong potential for deployment in arid environments. Its dual function in autonomous multisource hydration and crop support offers a promising route toward sustainable agriculture and water management.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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农业科学
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可持续发展
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水资源管理
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DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Junjie Ren,Siyu Zeng,Yunting Liu,Chenlu Xu,Hongfeng Lu,Jianzhong Zhao,Praveen Linga,Zhenyuan Yin
Hydrate-based CO2 sequestration in marine sediments has emerged as a promising strategy to mitigate global climate change due to its substantial storage capacity and operational feasibility. However, understanding the influence of chloride salts from seawater, such as KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2, on CO2 hydrates phase stability is essential for the practical application of subsea CO2 sequestration as hydrates. This study systematically investigates the phase equilibria of CO2 hydrates in KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2 solutions at concentrations of 0–400 mM, encompassing typical marine salinity conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that all four chloride salts exhibit thermodynamic inhibition effects on CO2 hydrates, with the inhibitory effect intensifying as concentration increases. MgCl2 exerts the strongest thermodynamic inhibition effect, suppressing CO2 hydrates equilibrium temperature by 0.96 K at 200 mM and 1.57 K at 400 mM concentrations under 3.0 MPa. The inhibition strength follows the order of MgCl2 > CaCl2 > NaCl > KCl, which correlates well with the ion charge and radius of cations. A thermodynamic model was developed by integrating the Hu-Lee-Sum correlation of water activity with the classical Chen-Guo model for the prediction of the thermodynamic phase equilibria for CO2 hydrates. The proposed model demonstrates high accuracy, with an average absolute deviation of pressure below 2.0% across all tested concentrations. Validation against experimental data and literature values confirms the reliability of the model and serves as a prediction tool for CO2 hydrates phase equilibria with chloride salts. This study advances the understanding of CO2 hydrates thermodynamics in saline systems, elucidating the inhibitory effects of chloride salts and the associated impact on CO2 hydrates stability. The findings provide the thermodynamic foundation for the near-future large-scale adoption of hydrate-based CO2 sequestration.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2018
·Vol. 165
·期 14
·E759
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IF 3.662
Hongwei Xie,Haijia Zhao,Qiushi Song,Zhiqiang Ning,Jiakang Qu,Huayi Yin
The gas generated on a commonly used carbon anode is highly related to the efficiency of electrolysis and the purity of cathodic products in molten CaCl2. Herein, the anodic gas generated on a carbon working electrode in a three-electrode setup was systematically analyzed using a gas chromatograph under controlled potentials in both molten CaCl2 and CaCl2-1 wt%CaO. Two successive oxidation steps of the graphite electrode were observed. The anodic gas contains both CO and CO2 with an atomic ratio (CO/CO2) of 0.076, 0.072, 0.073, and 0.144 under anodic potentials of 0V, 0.2V, 0.4V, and 0.6V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in molten CaCl2, respectively, while the atomic ratios of CO/CO2 are 3.639, 2.008, 1.666, 0.720 in molten CaCl2-1 wt%CaO. Therefore, CaO remarkably enhances the kinetics of the formation of CO and absorption of the generated CO2 forming CO32− that could decrease the efficiency of the electrolysis and purity of cathodic products.
研究领域:
电化学
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材料科学
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冶金学
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高温化学
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DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Cai Taotao,Zhang Ying,Zheng Shili,Zhang Yi
The detailed reaction pathway for the aluminothermic reduction of TiO 2 has remained elusive due to its characteristically ultra-fast, combustion-like nature. This study systematically elucidates the reaction pathway of the CaO- and CaCl 2 -assisted aluminothermic reduction of TiO 2 for the precise fabrication of Ti 2 O, employing TG-DSC, high-temperature in-situ XRD, and SEM-EDS. The process involves multiple titanium-bearing intermediates, such as Ti 2 O 3 , TiO, CaTiO 3 , CaTi 2 O 4 , and TiAl 3 . The transient formation of TiAl 3 during the initial rapid-reaction stage deviates from the thermodynamically predicted pathway, attributed to localized over-reduction caused by non-uniform Al distribution and intense exothermic heat. The overall process evolves through three distinct temperature-dependent stages (< 660 °C, 660 °C to 772 °C, > 772 °C). The synergistic roles of CaO and CaCl 2 are essential. CaO acts as a thermodynamic coupling agent to enhance the driving force, while CaCl 2 serves as a kinetic accelerator to facilitate mass transfer, collectively enabling the precise fabrication of Ti 2 O.
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高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
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2014
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IF 5.03
Gang Li,Binbin Zhang,Xiang Li,Yuan Zhou,Qingguo Sun,Qiang Yun
The preparation, characterization and modification of eutectic hydrate salt (CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O–MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O) as a new phase change material (PCM) were investigated in this paper. CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O was prepared using industrial grade calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), and then 10, 15, 20 and 25 wt% MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O was added into CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O respectively in order to obtain CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O–MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O eutectic hydrate salt PCM. The modification of CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O-25 wt% MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O material was designed by a uniform experimental method to select the efficient nucleating and thickening agents. The results show that SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O and SrCO 3 can be effective nucleating agents , and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) is an excellent thickener. For CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O-25 wt% MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O material with 3 wt% SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O, 1 wt% SrCO 3 and 0.5 wt% HEC, the supercooling is reduced to 2 °C, and its phase change temperature and latent heat are 21.4 °C and 102.3 J/g, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
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储能技术
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热能工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2020
·Vol. 96
·期 5
·1176-1186
·
IF 2.75
Meng Zhang,Yu-Jie Weng,Yu-Qing Zhang
BACKGROUND Silk fibroin has attracted extensive attention due to its useful biological properties. However, in the regeneration process of silk fibroin, the need for highly concentrated neutral salt dissolution and long-term dialysis greatly hinder the development of silk biomaterials. RESULTS A 3-fold volume of isopropanol (IP) was added to one volume of 20% (w/v) silk fibroin solution dissolved in a CaCl 2 -EtOH-H 2 O ternary system (SFTS) to extract the protein. The extraction resulted in the precipitate consisted of aggregated silk fibroin in the SFTS. The extracted protein was easily resolubilised in water. Compared with the original dialysis time required for the SFTS, the dialysis time of the extracted protein was shortened by nearly half. When the SFTS was diluted with a 2.5-fold volume of water, the same IP extraction resulted in the dialysis time being shortened by two thirds. SDS-PAGE showed that IP extraction did not cause breakage of the silk peptide chain. FTIR and X-ray diffraction indicated this extraction had no influence on the secondary structure of silk fibroin. CONCLUSION Excess IP extraction effectively accelerates the desalting and purification of fibroin in a CaCl 2 -EtOH-H 2 O ternary system without affecting the protein structure, thus greatly improving the regeneration efficiency of silk fibroin. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2026
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IF 6.5
Jiawei Han,Peng Lv,Xudong Song,Juntao Wei,Yonghui Bai,Jiaofei Wang,Weiguang Su,Guangsuo Yu
Utilizing carbon-neutral biomass reduces reliance on fossil fuels and lowers carbon emissions. Although thermochemical conversion is efficient, it consumes feedstock for heat, reducing biomass conversion efficiency. Molten salts can enhance reactions and store solar energy; consequently, the coupling of solar energy with molten-salt-assisted biomass thermochemical conversion has attracted significant attention. This study evaluated bio-oil and gas production characteristics from biomass, cellulose, and lignin via conventional and catalytic pyrolysis (the latter using ZnCl 2 , CaCl 2 , and NiCl 2 ) in molten salts. Analysis of the pyrolysis gases and bio-oil revealed the effects of molten salts and catalysts on product generation from biomass, cellulose, and lignin, and suggested potential reaction mechanisms. Results show molten salts and catalysts boost hydrogen intensity: conventional pyrolysis of biomass in molten salts raises it by up to 62.50%, and catalytic pyrolysis by up to 172.67%. Molten salts and catalysts also reduce bio-oil peak area. Catalysts promote deep decomposition, reducing oxygen-containing compounds in detectable volatile compounds. Ni catalysts promote dehydration-condensation, consuming the most water but producing the least H 2 . Zn catalysts promote dehydration, dehydrogenation, and in-situ water reforming, greatly reducing bio-oil oxygenates; and polycondensation releases large-scale H 2 . Ca catalysts show pronounced decarboxylation and dehydrogenation, with feedstock-dependent performance.
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2020
·
IF 7.632
Xiaojuan Zhang,Edouard Asselin,Zhibao Li
The precipitation of CaCO3 and its kinetics for the CaCl2–CO2–Mg(OH)2–H2O system were systematically studied to develop a novel process for eliminating solid and liquid waste from the Solvay soda process. The effects of operating conditions including temperature, CaCl2 concentration, flow rate of CO2, and stirring speed on the reaction kinetics were experimentally determined. The results revealed that low temperature, high CO2 flow rate, and fast stirring speed can accelerate the reaction rate, and the mass transfer of CO2 is the controlling step. An MSMPR crystallizer was used to obtain the experimental crystal size distribution (CSD). A simplified population balance equation (PBE) was used to correlate the parameters on the basis of supersaturation. The soda solid and liquid wastes discharged from the Solvay industry were used as raw material to test the new process and validate the methodology. The precipitated CaCO3 consists of calcite or aragonite with high purity and uniform CSD. A double-effect evaporative-cooling crystallization process to recover MgCl2·6H2O and NaCl was simulated with help of Aspen plus and the electrolyte-NRTL (ELENRTL) model, suggesting economic benefits.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Energies
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·1403
·
IF 3.004
Lingyu Zheng,Xuelai Zhang,Weisan Hua,Xinfeng Wu,Fa Mao
Calcium ions can react with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to form a form-stable phase change material, but the low thermal conductivity hinders its practical application. In this paper, hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with different mass are introduced into PEG1500·CaCl2form-stable phase change material to prepare a new type of energy storage material. Carbon nanotubes increased the mean free path (MFP) of phonons and effectively reduced the interfacial thermal resistance between pure PEG and PEG1500·CaCl23D skeleton structure. Thermal conductivity was significant improved after increasing MWCNTs mass, while the latent heat decreases. At 1.5 wt%, composite material shows the highest phase change temperature of 42 °C, and its thermal conductivity is 291.30% higher than pure PEG1500·CaCl2. This article can provide some suggestions for the preparation and application of high thermal conductivity form-stable phase change materials.Keywords:MWCNTs;form-stable phase change materials;PEG;thermal conductivity
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 4.725
Tao Wang,Xishan Zhou,Zhao Liu,Jiawei Wang,Yongsheng Zhang,Wei-Ping Pan
As an inorganic phase change material (PCM), CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O is an effective energy storage material because its energy can be transformed around 30 °C through the melting and crystallization. The different compositions of PCM were prepared in order to decrease the phase transition temperature to 20–25 °C and to improve its capability of heat storage and release. MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O was added as a nucleating agent and the composite PCMs (CPCMs) of CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O/MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O binary salt system was prepared. At the same time, SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O was added to reduce the supercooling degree of inorganic PCM. As a thickener, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was also included to improve the recycling ability. With the application of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter, the phase transition temperature, thermal properties of CPCMs, supercooling degree and thermal cycle performance were studied by changing the content of each component in the CPCMs. The results demonstrated that the phase transition temperature of PCM with 35% MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O, 5% SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O, 0.5% HEC balanced by CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O was reached to 23 °C. The phase change latent heat of PCM was kept at 130 J/g. The degree of supercooling was kept within 0.7 °C and the recyclability was greatly improved after 100 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热能存储
·
相变材料
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2024
·
IF 3.3
Ruixia Chen,Xiao-Chen Liu,Xianqi Yao,Wei Wang,Junyi Xiang,Igor Tomasevic,Weizheng Sun
BACKGROUND High-sodium intake has been proven to bring serious risks to public health. A potential sodium substitute of salt taste-enhancing hydrolysate (STEH) of protein has been focused on recently. The salt taste-enhancing activity (STEA) of STEH still needs to be improved. High-pressure and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) pretreatments were reported to affect proteolysis and promote the release of bioactive peptides. Hence, we investigated effects of high-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments on hydrolysis and STEA of STEH derived from spent hen. RESULTS The pretreatments significantly influenced STEA of spent hen meat hydrolysate (SHH), especially 200 MPa pressure and 80 mmol L −1 CaCl 2 pretreatments increased 27.1% salt taste intensity of SHH compared to that of blank (without pretreatments) according to sensory evaluation, the SHH umami also increased after pretreatments. In SHH, the proportion of peptides < 1000 Da increased up to 79.37% after the pretreatments compared to 73.68% of the blank. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) increased to 19.45% for moderate high-pressure (200 MPa) from 18.02% for blank, and the DH decreased after higher high-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments, especially for CaCl 2 in 80 mmol L −1 . The change in particle size distribution of SHH has similar trends to DH. CONCLUSION High-pressure and CaCl 2 pretreatments increased STEA of SHH by affecting hydrolysis process. The STEA increase may be related to increased small-peptide proportion in SHH. Meanwhile, moderate high-pressure may promote protein unfolding and further increase DH according to particle size distribution of SHH. The combination of proteolysis and pretreatments of high-pressure and CaCl 2 is a promising method to produce STEH. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 4.946
Yu Wang,Ying Zhou,Pei-jun Li,Xi-xi Wang,Ke-zhou Cai,Cong-gui Chen
The combined effect of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) (20–100 mM) and high pressure processing (HPP, 200 MPa) on the solubility of myofibrillar proteins (MP) was investigated under sodium-reduced conditions (0.3 M sodium chloride). The results revealed that HPP combined with low concentrations (<40 mM) of CaCl 2 synergistically increased the solubility of MP, but an antagonistic effect occurred when a high concentration (100 mM) of CaCl 2 was present. This synergistic effect could be attributed to a mildly destabilized conformation of myosin, an increased surface hydrophobicity and the decreased total sulfhydryl group content of MP. However, CaCl 2 at 100 mM destabilized myosin to a larger extent and induced non-disulfide covalent cross-linking of S-1 subfragment in pressurized MP, thus attenuating the solubilizing effect of HPP on the myosin heavy chain, resulting in the antagonistic effect. Therefore, HPP in combination with low-level CaCl 2 (<40 mM) may improve the functional properties of sodium-reduced meat products.
研究领域:
食品科学
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蛋白质化学
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食品加工
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）