JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2022
·
IF 9.965
Peng Song,Congcong Li,Ningmiao Zhao,Zhenyuan Ji,Linzhi Zhai,Xiaoping Shen,Qi Liu
Carbon nanosheets with heteroatom doping and well-developed porosity exhibit broad application foreground for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs), but the simple and controllable preparation is still of great challenge. In this study, by using LiCl-KCl as in-built templates, histidine as carbon and nitrogen sources, and KNO 3 , K 2 SO 4 , KOH or Na 2 S 2 O 3 as active agent, a series of N and N S doped porous carbon nanosheets are developed. Results indicate that, with the activator introduction, pore structures of the carbonized products are notably boosted, showing an astounding 30–244 % increase in BET specific surface area, and meanwhile, heteroatom with a content of ca. 12 % can be doped into the resultant carbon skeletons. Specifically, the NSPCN-800 (activated by Na 2 S 2 O 3 ) with a large specific surface area of 1297 m 2 /g, a hierarchically porous structure composed of abundant micropores and mesopores, and a suitable heteroatom content (N: 11.9 wt%; S: 0.6 wt%) presents an impressive energy storage behavior as cathode for ZHSCs, including a specific capacitance of 165.8F/g, a specific capacity of 95.2 mAh/g, an energy density of 59.0 Wh kg −1 and a cyclic stability with a 82.6 % capacity retention after 5000 cycles. These performance parameters surpass numerous reported ZHSCs, making NSPCN-800 a very promising cathode for practical use.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储与转换
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2018
·
IF 6.14
Kanjun Sun,Enke Feng,Guohu Zhao,Hui Peng,Ganggang Wei,Yaya Lv,Guofu Ma
Integrated configuration can greatly improve the stability of an energy-storage device in a large or repeated mechanical deformation process, but there is little attention paid to develop this conceptual energy-storage device. Here, we successfully design two embedded polypyrrole (PPy) layers as electrodes and a boron cross-linked PVA(poly(vinyl alcohol))/KCl hydrogel film as electrolyte to construct an integrated electrode–electrolyte–electrode flexible supercapacitor (so-called all-in-one supercapacitor). The boron cross-linked PVA/KCl hydrogel film (B-PVA/KCl) is prepared by simple physical and chemical cross-linking methods. Then, the conducting PPy is embedded in the B-PVA/KCl film by in situ growth to form a PPy/B-PVA/KCl composite film, which shows superior toughness and strength when it undergo large deformations, such as stretch, twist and compression. The integrated flexible supercapacitor can obtain a large areal capacitance of 224 mF cm–2 and a remarkable energy density of 20 μWh cm–2. Furthermore, such device exhibits excellent electrochemical stability under various bending angles (0°, 90°, and 180°) or 500 bending-releasing cycles, which due to the integrated electrode–electrolyte–electrode configuration can avoid the fall-off of electrode materials from the substrates and overcome the relative displacement between electrode and electrolyte layers during the consecutive bending cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
能量存储
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2024
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IF 5.3
Shaolong Li,Zepeng Lv,Jilin He,Jianxun Song
ZrC x O y with composition ZrC 0.79 O 0.21 were synthesized through the carboreduction of ZrO 2 in this paper. Subsequently, these ZrC x O y blocks obtained through reaction sintering were directly subjected in a graphite crucible as an anode for electrolysis preparation of metallic zirconium in NaCl-KCl melt. The effects of applied voltage, fluoride ions, and initial zirconium ion content on anodic dissolution were studied, as well as the cathodic deposition. The results indicate that the valence state of zirconium ions dissolved into the molten salt from the anode will rise with the voltage increasing from 2.7 V to 3.1 V. In addition to voltage, both fluoride ions and initial zirconium ions have significant effects on the anodic dissolution of ZrC x O y and cathodic deposition of zirconium. The microstructure of cathodic deposition products also exhibits diversity with changes in electrolysis conditions. The experimental results supply evidence for the electrolysis of ZrC x O y obtained through reaction sintering as a consuming anode for the preparation of metallic zirconium, while also providing support for the optimization of electrolysis parameters.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Junyang Shu,Jiacheng Li,Peidong He,Jinshuo Yang,Wenlong Li,Ji Wang,Xiangbiao Yin,Lifeng Chen,Yuezhou Wei
With the growing demand for europium (Eu) in advanced fields such as opto-electronics and nuclear technology, developing efficient extraction methods has become increasingly crucial. This paper focuses on the electro-extraction of europium in LiCl-KCl molten salt, employing Sn and Sn Zn electrodes. The electrochemical behavior of Eu(III) on the Sn electrode in the molten salt system was investigated through cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), chronoamperometry (CP), and open circuit chronopotentiometry (OCP) techniques. The results reveal that the reduction of Eu(III) to Eu occurs Eu(III) + e − → Eu(II) and Eu(II) + 2e − + mSn → EuSn m . Furthermore, the electrochemical behaviors of LiCl-KCl-ZnCl 2 -SnCl 2 on the W electrode revealed a peak for the Zn-Sn-Eu alloy. The exchange current density and reaction activation energy of Eu(II)/Eu were calculated on the liquid Sn and Sn Zn electrode through the polarization curve. Subsequently, constant current electrolysis was carried out using Sn and Sn Zn electrodes to extract Eu, and the extraction effect of Eu using a Zn Sn electrode is far superior to that using a Sn electrode. The extracted products were characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and the concentration of Eu(III) in molten salt at different times was detected by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and the extraction efficiency under different conditions was calculated and the valence state changes of Eu during electrolysis on different electrodes were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
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DOI
高影响因子
CORROSION SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 7.4
Yueqi Wu,Mingyong Jia,Zhifeng Huang,Qiang Shen,Fei Chen
The high-temperature corrosion behavior of a Si 3 N 4 /W composite under the molten MgCl 2 -NaCl-KCl salts has been investigated. It is suggested that the molten salts diffuse along the physical surface defects and enter the interior of adjacent Si 3 N 4 /W grains, leading to the 9.1% bending strength loss after 400 hours for corrosion. In air atmosphere, oxidation products WO 2 , WO 3 , and corrosion product MgWO 4 caused a 34.3% bending strength decrease after 400 hours for corrosion. This study elucidates the high-temperature molten chloride salt corrosion mechanisms of the Si 3 N 4 /W composite material under two different atmospheres. The composite demonstrates relatively excellent corrosion resistance in service environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
腐蚀工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CORROSION SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 10.3
Yueqi Wu,Mingyong Jia,Qiang Shen,Fei Chen
Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramics are promising structural materials for next-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, while their long-term stability in aggressive molten chloride salts remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate the corrosion behavior and decomposition mechanism of a conventional Y 2 O 3 -sintered β-Si 3 N 4 ceramic in molten MgCl 2 –NaCl–KCl at 600 °C. The corrosion process proceeds through three sequential stages: preferential dissolution of the amorphous intergranular phase (IGP), formation of a detrimental Mg 2 SiO 4 layer, and subsequent chemical attack of β-Si 3 N 4 grains. Guided by this mechanistic understanding, we propose a grain boundary engineering strategy using YF 3 /MgF 2 sintering aids to fabricate corrosion-resistant Si 3 N 4 ceramics. The engineered ceramic exhibited a 25% reduction in average corrosion depth and excellent property retention after 800 h of exposure. Its bending strength loss is only 8.3%, compared with 13.8% for the reference material, and its thermal conductivity loss is 4.8%, compared with 8.4% for the reference material. The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the combined effects of a chemically stable crystalline Y 4 Si 2 N 2 O 7 intergranular phase, elimination of residual SiO 2 impurities, and a coarsened microstructure. Salt purification experiments further confirmed the proposed corrosion mechanism by suppressing impurity-driven decomposition. In purified molten salt, the engineered ceramic shows an extrapolated corrosion rate of approximately 16.8 μm·year - ¹ , meeting the U.S. DOE corrosion target of < 20.0 μm·year - ¹ . These results demonstrate that grain boundary engineering is an effective strategy for improving the durability of Si 3 N 4 ceramics in high-temperature molten chloride salt environments.
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DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
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2026
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IF 3.2
Yixuan Cai,Mei Li,Hedi Wei,Xudong Wang,Jiayi Chen,Jia Yan,Rugeng Liu,Linshan Zhang,Wei Han
To electrodeposit uranium dioxide from LiCl–KCl molten salt containing Cr 3+ and Ni 2+ , a series of electrochemical techniques were employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of UO 2 2+ , Cr 3+ , and Ni 2+ . CV and SWV measurements revealed that Cr 3+ is reduced to metallic Cr through a two-step process, while Ni 2+ undergoes a one-step, two-electron process to form metallic Ni. UO 2 2+ is reduced to uranium dioxide via two successive one-electron transfer steps, and its reduction mechanism remains unaffected by the presence of Cr 3+ and Ni 2+ . Chronoamperometry was employed to study the influence of Cr 3+ on the nucleation mechanism of UO 2 2+ , which indicated that the addition of Cr 3+ could decrease the nucleation density of uranium dioxide. In addition, the effects of Cr 3+ and Ni 2+ on the electrodeposition of uranium dioxide were separately explored. In the presence of Cr 3+ , the deposited product contained only uranium dioxide and no Cr was deposited, but the current efficiency was reduced. Pulse electrolysis was carried out and found that current efficiency could be improved by pulse electrolysis in the presence of Cr 3+ . The introduction of Ni 2+ led to the co-deposition of uranium dioxide and Ni, while significantly accelerating the extraction rate of uranium dioxide. Thermodynamic analysis and experimental results indicate that this enhancement arises from the in situ reduction of UO 2 2+ by the deposited Ni, a process that proceeds much faster than the direct electrochemical reduction of UO 2 2+ .
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DOI
高影响因子
Corrosion Communications
·
2025
·
IF 9.5
Zhoufeng Xu,Renzhi Luo,Tao Liu,Chongdou Yang,Tianyu Zhao,Jie Qiu
Molten chloride salt is an ideal heat transfer and storage medium for solar power generation systems. However, the strong corrosion of high-temperature molten salts on metal materials is the main problem limiting its applications in solar thermal power systems. In this work, corrosion behavior of stainless steel 316L in molten chloride salt at 700°C was examined and characterized. Results show that the stability of surface oxide of stainless steel 316L was dramatically jeopardized in high-temperature chloride molten salt. When the oxide film was dissolved, stainless steel 316L corrodes primarily through the selective dissolution of Cr with intergranular corrosion features. Moreover, O impurity in the chloride molten salt enter the alloy matrix through grain boundary and form intergranular oxide of (Fe,Cr,Ni) 3 O 4 spinel, accelerating the intergranular corrosion crack in molten chloride salts.
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 5.6
Sen Feng,Chengyuan Ni,Xiaoying Jiang,Mouhamadou Aziz Diop,Fengguo Liu,Jun Liu,Chengdong Xia,Junjie Zhang,Aimin Liu,Zhongning Shi
To achieve green and efficient production of high-purity magnesium, this work investigates the electrochemical reduction and deposition mechanism of Mg(II) in a NaCl-KCl-MgCl 2 molten salt system at 953 K. A combination of thermodynamic analysis and electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and potentiostatic electrolysis, was employed on a tungsten electrode. The reduction of Mg(II) to Mg(0) was confirmed to be a single-step, two-electron transfer reversible process controlled by ion diffusion. The diffusion coefficient of Mg(II) was determined to be 1.19 × 10 −8 cm 2 /s to 1.25 × 10 −8 cm 2 /s. Potentiostatic electrolysis at -1.68 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) successfully produced high-purity liquid magnesium, which was collected and solidified. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses unequivocally identified the deposits as metallic magnesium with a purity exceeding 99.9 wt.%. The key innovation lies in simultaneously establishing the fundamental electrochemistry of Mg(II) and demonstrating its direct electrodeposition in a low‑cost, industrially scalable NaCl-KCl‑based electrolyte, providing a critical foundation for a continuous, green magnesium electrolysis technology.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yali Wang,Hongbao Ren,Ruizhi Cui,Bo Zhang,Qiuye Yang,Wu Li
A glycerol-water coordination method was developed to prepare high-pure KCl from K(Cl, Br) solid solutions. • Glycerol inhibits Br − from entering the KCl lattice. 30 wt% mixed solvent shows better separation performance. • KCl with 99.994% purity and 97.30% yield was obtained, while bromide was concentrated in the liquid phase. High-purity KCl is essential for semiconductors and laser crystals, yet even trace bromine severely compromises its performance. During the preparation of KCl via underground brine crystallization, Br − readily enters the KCl lattice to replace Cl − , forming crystals with a single-salt structure rather than a simple mixture. This makes it difficult to use conventional separation methods to produce high-purity KCl. To address this issue, this study proposes a separation strategy that involves intervening in the recrystallization process by regulating coordination interactions within the solvent system, thereby yielding ultra-pure potassium chloride. Systematic studies involving phase equilibrium experiments, solid-liquid phase characterization and molecular simulations indicate that as the number of hydroxyl groups in the alcohol molecule increases, the solvent's separation capacity increases accordingly, with glycerol exhibiting the best performance. As the simplest trihydric alcohol, glycerol's three hydroxyl groups create distinct solvation environments for Cl − and Br − , thereby inhibiting Br − from occupying the KCl lattice during the concentration and crystallization processes. Furthermore, the introduction of 30 wt% mass water inhibits intermolecular hydrogen bonding and self-aggregation of glycerol, releasing free coordination sites and significantly increasing the solubility of KCl in the system (from 1.7 wt% to 9.63 wt%), thereby further optimizing separation efficiency. The separation process, designed based on the phase diagram of the KCl − KBr − Gly(30 wt%) − H₂O system at 298.15 K, enables the efficient recovery of high-purity KCl (purity up to 99.9940%, recovery rate of 97.30%) and the simultaneous enrichment of bromine resources in the liquid phase (bromine content increased from 3.36 wt% to 44.30 wt%).
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 2.485
Yi-Chuan Liu,Ya-Lan Liu,Lin Wang,Yu-Ke Zhong,Mei Li,Wei Han,Yuan Zhao,Tong Zhou,Qing Zou,Xian Zeng,Wei-Qun Shi
As a typical uranium oxide , the electrochemical behaviors of U 3 O 8 in molten salt have attracted many research endeavors, but its dissolution behavior and related mechanism in molten salt has been less well understood. In this work, we reported the dissolution of U 3 O 8 in LiCl-KCl eutectic with the assistance of NH 4 Cl, which has potential significance for the pyrochemical reprocessing of spent oxide fuels. The spectroscopic techniques such as fluorescence emission spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy , and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) were used to determine the chemical species during the dissolution process of U 3 O 8 . The results show that U 3 O 8 can be completely dissolved in molten salt under the air atmosphere, and it exists in the form of [UO 2 Cl 4 ] 2− . In contrast, under an argon atmosphere , the soluble [UO 2 Cl 4 ] 3− and insoluble UO 2 were detected as the main products.
研究领域:
化学
·
核能工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2019
·Vol. 166
·期 13
·E401
·
IF 3.12
Handong Jiao,Shuqiang Jiao,Wei-Li Song,Haosen Chen,Mingyong Wang,Jiguo Tu,Daining Fang
Owing to the low-cost and fast process, molten salt electrolysis is considered as a novel method to replace the Kroll process for preparing titanium. However, this process has not been fully realized because of the multi-step reduction and complicated disproportionation behaviors of multivalent titanium ions in melt. To address such critical problems, here we use liquid metals (Sn and Pb) as the cathode instead of solid metal cathode (Mo) during the electrolysis, in which the reduction process of Ti3+ (TiF63−) becomes a simple one-step process (Ti3+ + 3e = Ti (alloys)). Also, the deposition potential is more positive (>0.5 V) than that using solid Mo, owing to the depolarizing effect of the liquid metals. One-step process and depolarization behavior are favorable to increase the current efficiency, effectively decreasing the power consumption in comparison with the conventional electrolysis at solid metal cathodes. Similar to the electrolytic production of aluminum in Hall-Heroult system, there would be a continuous electrolysis process because the product is liquid alloy in this system.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）