CHEMOSPHERE
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2020
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IF 5.778
Ding Yu Xing,Yihua Chen,Jiaxin Zhu,Tongzhou Liu
Aminosilane materials, with their low cost and ease of modification, have exhibited great potential for the adsorption of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) from water. However, this kind of material may be facing two drawbacks during its application: low resistance to hydrolysis and difficulties in separation from the water matrix. This work proposed a strategy of grafting N-(2-aminoethyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AE-APTMS) on the surface of magnetic γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles by full utilization of the sorption sites provided by the aminosilane and the magnetism by γ-Fe 2 O 3 . The FTIR and XRD results verified the formation of the magnetic AE-APTMS nanocomposite. The core-shell nanocomposite showed a superparamagnetic property and an isoelectric point at pH = 8.2. Particularly, compared to the aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) nanocomposite, the AE-APTMS nanocomposite exhibited improved hydrolytic stability with 60% less loss of the amine groups during the 48 h adsorption process, as the longer alkyl chain hindered the aminosilane detachment. The AE-APTMS nanocomposite exhibited a rapid adsorption with the removal efficiency of 78% for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and 65% for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) due to the electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction. The regeneration and reuse of the magnetic AE-APTMS nanocomposite were conveniently realized with the removal efficiency higher than 70% for both PFOS and PFOA even after 15 adsorption-desorption cycles. The stable magnetic aminosilane nanocomposite with the ease of separation may provide a new strategy to achieve the economical and effective removal of typical PFCs from water.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2016
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IF 5.31
Xiaoyan Liang,Jianhua Cheng,Cao Yang,Shewei Yang
In this study, four photochemical reaction parameters, including the reaction atmosphere, extra inorganic oxidant, inorganic anion and organic matter, were investigated in an aqueous environment to determine their effects on perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) photodecomposition. The photochemical defluorination of PFOA was conducted by vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV) using ferric ions as the catalyst. Both direct photolysis and photocatalysis were involved in the reaction. PFOA was completely decomposed by VUV irradiation with and without ferric ions within 72 or 144 h, respectively. There was no significant evidence indicating that the type of atmosphere (oxygen, nitrogen, or air) had any effect on the decomposition results. However, OH radicals generated during the photolysis process profoundly affected the decomposition of PFOA. The introduction of persulfate inhibited the mineralization of PFOA in the VUV/Fe 3+ system. Inorganic anions hindered the defluorination of PFOA in the following order: HCO 3 − > SO 4 2− > NO 3 − ∼ Cl − > ClO 4 − . The adverse effects of organic matter, including volatile organic compounds and dissolved natural organic compounds, were also examined. This study is beneficial to the understanding of the photodecomposition of other similar perfluorinated compounds (PFCs).
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
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2016
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IF 3.698
Lina Zhou,Mengjie Xia,Li Wang,Hui Mao
As a persistent organic pollutant in the environment, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been extensively investigated. It can accumulate in food chains and in the human body. This work investigated the effect of PFOA on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) germination and seedling growth by conducting a germination trial and a pot trial. A stimulatory effect of PFOA on seedling growth and root length of wheat was found at <0.2 mg kg −1 , while >800 mg kg −1 PFOA inhibited germination rate, index, and root and shoot growth. In the pot trial, PFOA concentration in root was double that in the shoot. Soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) and plant height of wheat seedling were inhibited by adding 200 mg kg −1 PFOA. Proline content and POD activity in wheat seedlings increased as PFOA increased, while CAT activity decreased. Using logarithmic equations, proline content was selected as the most sensitive index by concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC 50 ). Hence, the tolerance of wheat seedlings to PFOA levels could be evaluated on the basis of the physiological index.
研究领域:
环境科学
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植物生理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
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2023
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IF 8.8
Weizhen Zhang,Jing Liu,Qi Li,Yunxing Xiao,Yumiao Zhang,Ningfei Lei,Qianchao Wang
Microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have drawn significant attention as emerging threats to aquatic ecosystems . There are currently just a few investigations on the combined toxicity of PFAS and MP on freshwater microalgae. In this research, the combined toxicity of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to Microcystis aeruginosa was investigated. The results indicated that the combination of these pollutants inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa and promoted the synthesis and release of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Individual and combined exposure caused different responses to cellular oxidative stress . Under the Individual exposure of PFOA, when the concentration was greater than 20.0 mg/L, the catalase (CAT) activity increased significantly, and when it was greater than 100.0 mg/L, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly, but there is no significant change under combined exposure. PVC and PFOA exposure also caused physical damage to the algal cells and reduced the content of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) based on analysis of cell morphology. Metabolic analysis revealed that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism of the algae were affected. The current study offers a fresh theoretical framework for MPs and PFASs environmental risk evaluations.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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水生生态学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2023
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IF 13.6
Ruoning Guo,Li Li,Zhiwei Zhao,Sai Zhang
Mechanochemical (MC) destruction of pollutants is effective; however, the emerging electron transfer mechanism is ambiguous owing to a lack of systematic evaluation. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the contribution of electrons to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) defluorination during MC process. A synergistic effect was obtained by activating BaTiO 3 to generate piezoelectrons and applying zero-valence aluminum (ZVAl) to facilitate electron transfer, with 95.66% PFOA defluorination and reaction time decreasing from 6 h to 3 h. The mechanism of piezoelectric catalysis of the BaTiO 3 /ZVAl system was further investigated through kinetic analyses and intersystem comparisons. The major contribution of piezo-excited electrons was revealed through probe detection and quantitative determination. A positive correlation between electron generation and PFOA defluorination was ascertained, and the calculation of the electron utilization ratio revealed an electron transfer mechanism. The detached fluorides were confirmed to be bonded directly to the additives. Furthermore, PFOA decomposition was identified as a cyclical process with constant dissociation of the CF 2 groups.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 11.3
Mengbin Gu,Ge Yuxi,Gang Yu,Jun Huang
Ultraviolet-activated persulfate (UV/PS) represents a promising advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the elimination of toxic and bio-refractory organic pollutants in wastewater due to the advantages of SO 4 • - . C7 HFPO-TA, one of the latest alternatives to PFOA in fluoropolymers production, with a unique structural fragment (CF 3 O-CF(CF 3 )-) that has been frequently identified in effluents, surface waters, and sediments in proximity to fluorochemical industrial zone. In this study, we evaluated the degradation of C7 HFPO-TA and co-existing PFHxA in AOPs, mainly focusing on the molecular structure effect on the chemical affinity with different reactive species (RSs). The results showed that >99.9% C7 HFPO-TA and PFHxA could be decomposed after 480 min in UV/PS, significantly outperforming UV/H 2 O 2 (<10%), as the result of the synergistic effect of radical/non-radical (SO 4 • - /HSO 4 •, O 2 • - , HO•, 1 O 2 ) and chain reactions. The degradation mechanism of C7 HFPO-TA was primarily governed by the DHEH mechanism, which facilitated radical chain reactions and resulted in the formation of a new perfluoroalkyl ester intermediate (C 6 F 12 O 3 ), as optimized by Transition State theory. The degradation of five HFPO and three PFCA was highly dependent on their molecular structures. Degradation kinetics and DFT calculations demonstrated the longer branched fluorocarbon chain could diminish the steric hindrance of α-CF 3 in HFPO and made the electron distribution more flexible for the reaction with the RSs. The comprehensive analysis of degradation kinetics, theoretical calculations and intermediates analysis elucidated the transformation mechanisms of C7 HFPO-TA and PFHxA in UV/PS.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 7.7
Changyu Li,Suo Wang,Haoning Zhou,Xianqiang Gao,Weijie Shi,Shiyun Ai,Jichun Wu,Yuanyuan Sun
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) poses a significant and persistent threat to groundwater due to its stability, high mobility, and carcinogenicity. Conventional permeable reactive barrier (PRB) fillers, like nano zero-valent iron (nZVI), face challenges including nanoparticle aggregation and passivation. To overcome these limitations, this study developed nitrogen-doped carbon-stabilized nZVI (nZVI@NC) using a scalable, solvent-free method combining mechanochemical ball-milling and pyrolysis. The synthesized core-shell nZVI@NC material effectively encapsulates nZVI within graphitic carbon, significantly improving its dispersion and reactivity (with an average crystallite size of 24.78 nm). A concentration of 100 mg/L of nZVI@NC adsorbed 83.5 % of PFOA within a 2-h timeframe, and the isotherms revealed an outstanding PFOA uptake capacity of 162 mg/g. Column experiments confirmed practical efficacy: using 50 mg nZVI@NC achieved complete PFOA removal (initial influent: 0.1 mg/L, Darcy velocity: 0.81 m/day) with no breakthrough for the first 1188 mL. Furthermore, a removal efficiency of 61.3 % was sustained in actual groundwater. Mechanistic studies (XPS, SEM-EDS, AIMD simulations) revealed a biphasic adsorption process: an initial rapid phase driven by physicochemical interactions, followed by a diffusion phase governed by pore embedding. This work establishes nZVI@NC as an efficient, scalable, and high-performance PRB filler for sustainable in situ remediation of PFOA-contaminated groundwater.
研究领域:
环境科学
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环境工程
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纳米材料
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水污染治理
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土壤与地下水修复
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2024
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IF 12.2
Zhilin Zhao,Xiaoying Zheng,Zongshuo Han,Yue Li,Haidong He,Tao Lin,Hang Xu
Microplastics (MPs) commonly coexist with other contaminants and alter their toxicity. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an emerging pollutant, may interact with MPs but remain largely unknown about the joint toxicity of PFOA and MPs. Hence, this research explored the single and joint effects of PFOA and polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on microalgae ( Chlorella sorokiniana ) at the cellular and molecular levels. Results demonstrated that PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability by altering cell membrane permeability, thus aggravating biotoxicity (synergistic effect). Meanwhile, the defense mechanisms (antioxidant system modulation and extracellular polymeric substances secretion) of Chlorella sorokiniana were activated to alleviate toxicity. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis illustrated that co-exposure had more differential expression genes (DEGs; 4379 DEGs) than single-exposure (PFOA: 2533 DEGs; PS-MPs: 492 DEGs), which were mainly distributed in the GO terms associated with the membrane composition and antioxidant system. The molecular regulatory network further revealed that PS-MPs and PFOA primarily regulated the response mechanisms of Chlorella sorokiniana by altering the ribosome biogenesis, photosynthesis, citrate cycle, oxidative stress , and antioxidant system (antioxidant enzyme, glutathione-ascorbate cycle). These findings elucidated that PS-MPs enhanced the effect of PFOA, providing new insights into the influences of MPs and PFOA on algae and the risk assessment of multiple contaminants. Environmental implication MPs and PFAS, emerging contaminants , are difficult to degrade and pose a non-negligible threat to organisms. Co-pollution of MPs and PFAS is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, while risks of co-existence to organisms remain unknown. The present study revealed the toxicity and defense mechanisms of microalgae exposure to PS-MPs and PFOA from cellular and molecular levels. According to biochemical and transcriptomic analyses, PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability and enhanced the effect of PFOA on Chlorella sorokiniana , showing a synergistic effect. This research provides a basis for assessing the eco-environmental risks of MPs and PFAS.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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分子生物学
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生态学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yang Yang,Huan He,Yuheng Chen,Baiyang Chen,Ehsan Banayan Esfahani,Madjid Mohseni,Nan Xu,Pavel Nesterenko
The widespread detection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment has raised significant concerns. The standard PFOA analytical method relies on expensive solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) instruments, making routine use prohibitive. We herein proposed a cost-effective yet novel enrichment method for determining PFOA at ng L −1 level. This method entailed a two-step sample preparation process: firstly, PFOA was extracted and enriched using a forward-extraction under acidic conditions, followed by a backward-extraction and enrichment step utilizing alkaline water. The enriched samples were subsequently subjected to a common ion chromatography (IC). Results reveal that maintaining a forward-extraction pH below its pK a value (2.8) is essential, as protonated PFOA proves effective in enhancing the enrichment factor (E F ). The challenge lied in driving PFOA from forward-extractant to aqueous backward-extractant due to the decreased hydrophobicity of deprotonated PFOA (log K ow2 = 1.0). In addition, we found that evaporating forward-extractant with alkaline backward-extractant (containing 5% methanol) reduced potential analytical uncertainties associated with PFOA evaporation and sorption . Under optimal conditions, the method achieved a detection limit of 9.2 ng L −1 and an impressive E F value of 719. Comparison with SPE-LC-MS/MS confirmed the proposed method as a promising alternative for PFOA determination. Although initially targeted for PFOA, the novel methodology is likely applicable to preconcentration of other poly-fluoroalkyl substances.
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2019
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IF 7.149
Nan Wang,Hanqing Lv,Yuqi Zhou,Lihua Zhu,Yue Hu,Tetsuro Majima,Heqing Tang
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent organic pollutant that has received concerns worldwide due to its extreme resistance to conventional degradation. A mechanochemical (MC) method was developed for complete degradation of PFOA by using alumina (Al2O3) and potassium persulfate (PS) as comilling agents. After ball milling for 2 h, the MC treatment using Al2O3 or PS caused conversion of PFOA to either 1-H-1-perfluoroheptene or dimers with a defluorination efficiency lower than 20%, but that using both Al2O3 and PS caused degradation of PFOA with a defluorination of 100% and a mineralization of 98%. This method also caused complete defluorination of other C3∼C6 homologues of PFOA. The complete defluorination of PFOA attributes to Al2O3 and PS led to the weakening of the C–F bond in PFOA and the generation of hydroxyl radical (•OH), respectively. During the MC degradation, Al2O3 strongly anchors PFOA through COO––Al coordination and in situ formed from Lewis-base interaction and PS through hydrogen bond. Meanwhile, mechanical effects induce the homolytic cleavage of PS to produce SO4•–, which reacts with OH group of Al2O3 to generate •OH. The degradation of PFOA is initiated by decarboxylation as a result of weakened C–COO– due to Al3+ coordination. The subsequent addition of •OH, elimination of HF, and reaction with water induce the stepwise removal of all carboxyl groups and F atoms as CO2 and F–, respectively. Thus, complete defluorination and mineralization are achieved.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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污染物降解
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
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2026
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IF 2.9
Lili Xin,Rui Guo,Jiawei Sun,Yue Su,Jiahang Cai,Wanzhen Li,Zhongxiao Wan,Jianshu Wang
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are well-known neurodevelopmental toxicants, but the potential molecular mechanism needs to be further clarified. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of PFOA and PFOS-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity by integrating network toxicology, transcriptomic data from autism spectrum disorder patients and in vitro study. Network toxicology identified 42 core targets that enriched in a total of 105 significant GO entries and 142 KEGG pathways. With the disease-context comparison from the transcriptomic, 10 hub targets and 22 common KEGG pathways were identified. Cellular senescence-associated responses including cellular senescence and cell cycle were proposed as one of the potential mechanisms underlying PFOA and PFOS co-exposure-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. Molecular docking analysis showed that PFOA and PFOS elicits potential binding capacities with hub targets, with TP53 and MAPK 13 exhibiting lower binding energies with both PFASs, further predicting the potential role of these targets in PFASs-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. After PFOA and PFOS co-treatment, reduced cell viability, a senescence-like phenotype characterized by cell cycle arrest and increased positive senescence β-galactosidase, upregulation of senescence-associated biomarkers including TP53, p53, p21 and IL-6 as well as the significant up-regulation of MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK13 and MAPK14 genes were observed in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Thereafter, these findings suggested the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristic of PFOA and PFOS co-exposure-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity with cellular senescence-associated responses as one of the potential molecular mechanisms.
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DOI
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
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2025
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IF 3.4
Yangyang Yuan,Binhui Wang,Yuyu Fan,Meiling Le,Lihai Wu,Shiyi Deng,Jian Huang,Dalei Zhang
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a legacy perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) with various detrimental health effects, prompting its replacement by hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX). However, the female reproductive toxicity and underlying mechanism of GenX remain inadequately understood. In this study, we comparatively evaluated the impacts of PFOA and GenX on ovarian function using integrated in vivo mouse and in vitro human granulosa cell models. Our experimental findings indicated that oral exposure to PFOA significantly reduced ovarian weight, impaired follicular development, disrupted estrous cyclicity, decreased estradiol level, and induced ovarian oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice. However, GenX did not display significant toxic effects on the ovaries at the doses tested, except for reducing ovarian GPX4 expression and serum estradiol level. Notably, both PFOA and GenX at high-concentration treatment in vitro dramatically impaired the viability and proliferation, elicited ROS overproduction and mitochondrial injury, and suppressed NRF2 and HO-1 expression in cultured KGN cells. Nevertheless, at equivalent exposure doses, GenX elicited markedly decreased adverse influences on KGN cells compared to PFOA. Molecular docking simulation indicated a stronger interaction of PFOA with NRF2 than GenX. In addition, treatment with PFOA also diminished estradiol secretion and induced apoptosis in KGN cells. In summary, PFOA exposure resulted in female reproductive impairment by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis in mouse ovaries and human granulosa cells. Although GenX exhibited comparatively low ovarian detriment relative to PFOA, its potential risk of reproductive toxicity remains a nonnegligible concern.
研究领域:
毒理学
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生殖生物学
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环境健康
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分子生物学
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内分泌学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）