ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Wanqin Gong,Jun Cheng,Dandan Pi,Chao Gao,Hantao Zou,Xueting Liu,Jincai Rao,Fushan Nie
The self-warning and thermal-induced self-healing microcapsules were fabricated by the interfacial in situ polymerization process, which consists of SiO2 as the shell material and epoxy resin, a thermal initiator, and a fluorescent agent as the core materials. The squeegee coating method was used to prepare the self-healing self-warning PVC-coated fabric. The microcapsules have a core–shell structure with an average particle size of 1.5 μm and a high sphericity with a coverage rate of 77% and excellent thermal stability below 320 °C. The PVC coating agent has good wettability with the microcapsules with a contact angle of 34.6 ± 0.9°. When cracks appear on the surface of the coated fabric containing microcapsules, the fluorescent agent and repair agent (epoxy resin and thermal initiator) will then flow out from the broken microcapsules and fill the cracks owing to the great wettability of the PVC coating agent with a contact angle of 44.2 ± 1.1°. Under UV light, the cut displays a yellow fluorescence line, indicating the location of the damage. After filling the cracks, the epoxy resin polymerizes with the thermal initiator at 120 °C. When the heating time reaches 6 h, the cuts in the fabric are healed, and the strength of the coated fabric reaches 699 N, thereby matching the original strength of 713 N before cutting.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 133
·期 47
·
IF 1.866
Yigang Wang,Xiaoan Nie,Xiaoying Li
A novel bio-based PVC plasticizer, levulinic acid pentaerythritol ketal ester (LAPKE), was synthesized and evaluated as renewable resource alternatives to traditional phthalate. The structure of LAPKE was characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR. The LAPKE and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) at different mass ratio were added to the PVC to prepare PVC samples. The mechanical properties of PVC samples at mass ratio of 1:1 showed that its tensile strength, elongation at break was up to an optimum value. The thermal stability was measured by dynamic thermal stability and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the results showed that the thermal ability of PVC was improved with the addition of LAPKE. The weight loss of migration property (volatility, leaching test and exudation) has also increased by increasing mass ratio of LAPKE. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133 , 44227.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2015
·Vol. 120
·期 3
·1731-1740
·
IF 2.042
Jia Puyou,Zhang Meng,Hu Lihong,Bo Caiying,Zhou Yong-hong
The objective of this study was to synthesize a novel flame-retardant plasticizer (PPC) for PVC using castor oil and to investigate the retardant mechanism of PVC blend plasticized with PPC. The chemical structure of PPC was characterized with FT-IR, 31 P NMR, and 1 H NMR. The melting behavior, thermal property, flame-retardant performance, flame-retardant mechanism, and mechanical property of PVC plasticized with PPC were systematically studied. The results showed that when the PPC content increased from 0 to 20 g in PVC blend, the torque increased from 10.6 to 15.9 N m, and the glass transition temperature increased from 26.5 to 52.6 °C. Leaching tests indicated that PPC had a higher migration resistance than DOP. TG indicated that PPC could improve the thermal stability under 350 °C, and the LOI tests indicated that the LOI value of PVC blends cooperated with PPC increased from 26.6 to 32.4 %. The SEM and flame-retardant performance indicated that PPC was put into effect by promoting PVC carbonization and forming a consolidated and thick flame-retardant coating quickly, which is effective to prohibit the heat flux and air incursion. PPC could improve the flame-retardant performance of PVC blends and keep the mechanical properties unchanged comparing with DOP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Boyou Hou,Yinan Sun,Yanlin Guo,Wei Zhang,Xueying Shan,Qianqian Cui,Zhendong Chen,Qingting Ni,Jinchun Li
Developing bio-based plasticizers not only aids in the reduction of fossil fuel consumption but also presents a lower risk to human health. In this study, a fully biodegradable plasticizer—levulinate malate ethanol lactates (LMEL) was successfully synthesized from L-lactic acid, DL-malic acid, levulinic acid, and ethanol, and was compared with commercially plasticizers (acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate (DOTP)). 40 phr LMEL plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (40LMEL) yielded a remarkable elongation at break of 526.9%, compared with the pure PVC resin (4.5%), thereby significantly enhancing the flexibility of PVC. Moreover, the optical transparency of 40LMEL samples was found to be equivalent to PVC plasticized with three commercial plasticizers. Most importantly, compared with three commercial plasticizers, 40LMEL exhibited superior resistance to migration and volatility, with mass losses of 1.055% in H 2 O, 13.601% in n-hexane, 14.636% in ethanol, and 1.496% in activated carbon, respectively. Soil degradation experiments have demonstrated that LMEL can be broken down by microorganisms in the soil into nontoxic aliphatic compounds (e.g., 4-oxo-pentanoic acid, and 4,5,7-trihydroxy 2-octenoic acid, et al.). Collectively, LMEL exhibited better overall performance than three commercial plasticizers. This work provides new options for the design of efficient fully bio-based plasticizers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2020
·
IF 14.588
Wen Zhang,Zhiqiang Dong,Ling Zhu,Yuanzhang Hou,Yuping Qiu
Nanoplastics (NPs), mainly originated from weathering of microplastics, are ubiquitous throughout the world. However, the environmentally released NPs are still under debate due to the lack of direct proof for the chemical identification of individual nanoparticles. Here, we show an observational evidence of release of heterogeneous NPs from recycled PVC powders (RPP) using a nondestructive analytical method, namely, correlative Raman imaging and scanning electron (RISE) microscopy. The technology achieves direct chemical identification of individual nanoparticles on RPP surface that are as small as 360 nm including nano-PVC and nano-CaCO3 in complexes with pigments. After washing and filtering through a 1 μm poly(ether sulfone) filter, we clearly distinguish nano-PVC from the other components in an air-dried filtrate. Furthermore, the automated 2D mapping of RISE enables the acquisition of the 2D chemical information on a selected area (e.g., 5 μm × 5 μm) and the display of the different components of nanoparticle aggregates without colloidal separation. Our findings give direct evidence and detailed insights in the potential release of nanoplastics from the recycled plastic products. The RISE method will help us intuitively understand the origin, occurrence, and fate of NPs in the environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学分析
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·
IF 7.577
Bo-Yu Peng,Zhibin Chen,Jiabin Chen,Huarong Yu,Xuefei Zhou,Craig S. Criddle,Wei-Min Wu,Yalei Zhang
Tenebrio molitor larvae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are capable of depolymerizing and biodegrading polystyrene and polyethylene. We tested for biodegradation of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) in T. molitor larvae using rigid PVC microplastic powders (MPs) (70–150 μm) with weight-, number-, and size-average molecular weights (M w , M n and M z ) of 143,800, 82,200 and 244,900 Da, respectively, as sole diet at 25 °C. The ingestion rate was 36.62 ± 6.79 mg MPs 100 larvae -1 d -1 during a 16-day period. The egested frass contained about 34.6% of residual PVC polymer, and chlorinated organic carbons. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis indicated a decrease in the M w , M n and M z by 33.4%, 32.8%, and 36.4%, respectively, demonstrating broad depolymerization. Biodegradation and oxidation of the PVC MPs was supported by the formation of O C and O C functional groups using frontier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR), and by significant changes in the thermal characteristics using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Chloride released was counted as about 2.9% of the PVC ingested, indicating limited mineralization of the PVC MPs. T. molitor larvae survived with PVC as sole diet at up to 80% over 5 weeks but did not complete their life cycle with a low survival rate of 39% in three months. With PVC plus co-diet wheat bran (1:5, w/w), they completed growth and pupation as same as bran only in 91 days. Suppression of gut microbes with the antibiotic gentamicin severely inhibited PVC depolymerization, indicating that the PVC depolymerization/biodegradation was gut microbe-dependent. Significant population shifts and clustering in the gut microbiome and unique OTUs were observed after PVC MPs consumption. The results indicated that T. molitor larvae are capable of performing broad depolymerization/biodegradation but limited mineralization of PVC MPs.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Gu Shengjie,Chu Mingyu,Hu Ping,Wang Xuchun,Cao Muhan,Sham Tsun-Kong,Zhang Qiao,Chen Jinxing
Catalytic upcycling of polyolefin waste into valuable chemicals presents a promising solution to tackle the growing environmental crisis caused by plastic pollution while promoting a circular economy. However, processing plastic wastes that contain polyvinyl chloride (PVC) poses significant hurdles, as chlorine released during PVC breakdown can poison and deactivate metal catalysts. Here we introduce a non-thermal surface reconstruction strategy that can restore the activity of chlorine-poisoned catalysts at room temperature. Leveraging the potent reductive reactivity of NaBH 4 , chlorine contaminants on the catalyst surface are effectively eliminated, restoring the active sites. The clean-surface Ru catalysts exhibit enhanced chlorine tolerance and recyclability in the hydrogenolysis of PVC-polyolefin mixtures, offering a practical catalytic pathway for valorizing chlorine-containing plastic waste. Notably, these catalysts also display great activity in polyolefin hydrogenolysis, reaching a space-time yield of solids to condensable products of 5982 g PE · g Ru −1 · h −1 . This study opens new avenues for plastic upcycling and contributes to sustainable waste management, bringing us closer to a circular economy.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 33
·23662-23671
·
IF 3.9
Wanjing Zhang,Liyan Wang,Hong Chen,Liying Guo,Yaoyao Bai,Xin Qian
A series of 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (MPO) modified azelaic acid and hexylene glycol copolyester (PHMAZ) plasticizers with varying contents were synthesized using a direct esterification melt polycondensation method, and their structures were characterized systematically. Analysis using infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of the designed copolyester structure. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) tests indicated that the number average molecular weight of each copolyester sample ranged between 2000 and 3000. These copolyesters were used to plasticize polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, and the glass transition temperature of the plasticized PVC samples was tested using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Further characterization of the plasticizing effects was conducted using an electronic universal testing machine. The research results showed that as the content of MPO increased, the plasticizing effect of the copolyester initially increased and then decreased. Specifically, the copolyester containing 45% MPO, PHMAZ-45, demonstrated the best plasticizing effect on PVC, with the glass transition temperature of the plasticized PVC system around −35 °C, elongation at break at 908.4%, and a plasticizing efficiency of 254.5%. Additionally, this new type of copolyester plasticizer uses bio-based raw materials, exhibits excellent plasticizing effects, and the preparation process is stable and controllable. It holds promising potential to replace traditional volatile and toxic phthalate esters, presenting significant industrial application value.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Yuwei Lan,Shujia Chen,Tianyun Dong
Flexible sensors based on liquid metal (LM) fillers have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent stretchability, flexibility, and biocompatibility. However, simultaneously achieving transparency, high sensitivity, and robust mechanical performance remains a major challenge. In this study, we present a transparent and stretchable flexible composite sensor fabricated by combining poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with dibutyl adipate (DBA) and incorporating a low concentration (0.1 wt %) of LM as the conductive phase. The sensor exhibits a transparency of 50.12%, resulting from the optical clarity of the PVC/DBA matrix, the nanoscale dispersion of LM droplets, and the formation of Ga3+ ions upon partial surface oxidation, which collectively reduce light scattering and absorption. PVC also acts as a stabilizing matrix, forming a protective interface around LM droplets to enhance dispersion and interfacial stability. The resulting composite sensor demonstrates excellent stretchability (530%), high sensitivity (gauge factor = 4.27), and reliable performance in humid and saline environments. This work offers a practical strategy for developing transparent, durable, and high-performance composite sensors for wearable electronics and intelligent systems.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy
·
2024
·Vol. 91
·期 4
·921-927
·
IF 0.8
Wang Bin,Zhang Xiao,Ma Xiangmei
Exploring new material structures of low photocatalytic degradation activity for ultraviolet screening is one of the important methods for improving polyvinylchloride (PVC) performance. As an important kind of ultraviolet (UV) shielding agent material, nano zinc oxide (ZnO) has been applied extensively in many fields due to its outstanding properties. However, the severe aggregation behavior between nanoparticles (NPs) and photocatalytic activity greatly limits the application. In this work, surface modification of ZnO with hydroxyapatite and chitosan (ZnO–Hap/CS) was fabricated. Then via a solution casting technique dispersed within the PVC matrix. The results demonstrated that the obtained composite exhibited the best ultraviolet screening performance greatly decreasing the photocatalytic degradation activity of ZnO. It is expected that this approach is prospective for the large-scale preparation of nano ZnO with excellent UV-blocking performance and low photocatalytic degradation activity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2019
·
IF 3.78
Yanqin Shi,Songyan Lu,Biao Ma,Meng Ma,Huiwen He,Si Chen,Xu Wang
A “one stop” thermal stabilizer , zinc arginine complex (Zn(Arg) 2 ), with excellent excellent initial whiteness, whiteness retention and long-term thermal stability time for PVC , was conveniently synthesized in water solution. The successful synthesis of Zn(Arg) 2 was confirmed by FTIR, TGA and element analysis . Besides the longer Congo red and static thermal stability time than nitrogen-containing thermal stabilizer reported, Zn(Arg) 2 also had better initial whiteness, whiteness retention and dynamic thermal stability time showed by Congo red test, discoloration test and torque rheology test. Especially, the static thermal stability time was more than 150 min, and the dynamic thermal stability time reached 78 min. The excellent thermal stability effect of Zn(Arg) 2 on PVC was ascribed to the simultaneous possession of three mechanisms: absorbing HCl, replacing labile chlorine atoms and complexing ZnCl 2 . Moreover, PVC with Zn(Arg) 2 also showed excellent transmittance tested by vis-uv-near infrared spectrophotometer. Therefore, Zn(Arg) 2 is a “one stop” thermal stabilizer with good application prospects in transparent PVC.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 133
·期 34
·
IF 1.866
Jie Chen,Xiaoying Li,Yigang Wang,Jinrui Huang,Ke Li,Xiaoan Nie,Jianchun Jiang
A novel plasticizer epoxidized dimeric acid methyl ester (EDAMe) based on rubber seed oil was synthesized. Chemical structure of EDAMe was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Effects of EDAMe as secondary plasticizer and its substitution of commercial plasticizer dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) in soft poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films were studied. The thermal properties, mechanical properties and migration stabilities of PVC films were explored with DMA, TG, TG–FTIR, dynamic thermal stability analysis, tensile and migration tests. The results indicated that the epoxidized rubber seed oil based ester has significantly higher thermal stability than DOTP. When DOTP was substituted with 20% (m/m) EDAMe, the results of initial decomposition temperature ( T i ), 10% and 50% mass loss temperatures ( T 10 and T 50 ), and the first maximum weight-loss temperature rate ( T P1 ) reached 267.2 °C, 263.5 °C, 307.3 °C and 298.9 °C, respectively. Furthermore, flexibility of the obtained PVC films enhanced significantly with the adding of EDAMe. The migration stabilities of EDAMe was also investigated and showed good migration resistance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133 , 43668.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）