JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 3
·e70683
·
IF 4.2
Yalong Ge,Zusheng Chen,Tian Liang,Ronghua Qin,Haibo Xiao,Shiheng Liang,Ruilong Wang,Lingfang Xu
Electrocaloric cooling offers a more eco-friendly and efficient alternative to conventional vapor-compression refrigeration. Composites, incorporating ceramic nanoparticles within a ferroelectric polymer matrix, exhibit both high dielectric breakdown strength and flexibility. In this study, a sandwich-structured composite film of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO 3 )-filled poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) was prepared using a doctor-blade method. Distinct from terpolymers possessing relaxor ferroelectric properties, the material facilitates a more convenient indirect assessment of its electrocaloric performance. At 100 MV·m − 1 , the polymer composite containing 10 wt% BiFeO 3 achieved a maximum isothermal entropy change ( ΔS ) and an adiabatic temperature change ( ΔT ) of 113.4 kJ·K − 1 ·m − 3 and 17.2 K near the Curie temperature ( T C ) of 383 K. The ΔT of the composites is twice that of pure P(VDF-TrFE) films under the same electric field. These values significantly exceed those reported for P(VDF-TrFE)-based composites. The enhanced polar beta phase in P(VDF-TrFE) phase and enlarged local electric field caused by BiFeO 3 heterogeneous segment in the polymer matrix should both contribute to the outstanding electrocaloric performance. This research broadens the application scope of eco-friendly, flexible electronic materials that maintain stable electrocaloric refrigeration properties under high electric fields.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 143
·期 44
·e71554
·
IF 3.1
Yue Shen,Ying Liu,Yao Jiang,Jingtao Wang,Zheng Li
Ferroelectric polymers are promising candidates for flexible energy harvesting owing to their piezoelectricity, low density, flexibility, and environmental compatibility. Herein, P(VDF-TrFE) composite films containing ZnO nanoparticles and carboxylated multi walled carbon nanotubes (CMWCNTs) were prepared, and their structure and electrical properties were regulated by hot rolling. ZnO nanoparticles acted as heterogeneous nucleating agents to promote β-phase formation, while CMWCNTs enhanced dielectric response through the microcapacitor effect. The optimized composite contained 1.08 wt% ZnO and 0.02 wt% CMWCNTs. With increasing rolling temperature, molecular orientation was progressively improved, and the film rolled at 90°C exhibited an orientation degree of 0.66, high β-phase fraction, remanent polarization of 22 μC cm −2 , piezoelectric coefficient of 46 pC N −1 , and relative dielectric constant of 19.4. A piezoelectric triboelectric nanogenerator based on this film delivered a maximum output voltage of 31 V and a power density of 15.3 μW cm −2 . This work clarifies how ZnO nucleation, CMWCNT assisted dielectric regulation, and hot rolling induced orientation jointly modulate the structure and output performance of P(VDF-TrFE) based ternary composite films.
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Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials
·
2026
·
IF 15.5
Yan Yingjuan,Xia Weimin,Wang Yinghui,Ren Haixuan,Xia Wei,Li Jing,Wang Xusheng,Zhang Zhicheng
Flexible piezoelectric sensors hold immense promise for wearable bioelectronics. Nevertheless, the inherently high polarization energy barrier of poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) increases the energy requirements of the polarization process and limits further improvements in polarization efficiency and device performance. Herein, a cation-regulated interfacial polarization enhancement strategy via filled inorganic fluorides (AlF 3 , BaF 2 , CaF 2 , and MgF 2 , respectively) with unique fluoroaffinity effect, is proposed to fundamentally boost the piezoelectric and electromechanical performance of P(VDF-TrFE). First-principal calculations and spectroscopic analyses reveal a synergistic dual-interfacial network comprising - C - H···F hydrogen bonds and cation-driven ion-dipole interactions. Notably, the high-valence Al 3+ maximizes interfacial charge transfer, establishing a robust built-in electric field in the P(VDF-TrFE)/AlF 3 composites. This significantly lowers the conformational transition barrier, driving a massive electroactive β -phase transition (~ 89.0%) and facilitating ferroelectric domain switching with a substantially reduced coercive field. Consequently, the optimized AlF 3 -filled film delivers an outstanding piezoelectric strain coefficient (| d ₃₃|≈ 37.5 pC/N) in quasi-static mode, and achieves an exceptionally durable peak power density of 85 µW cm − 2 in as-assembled flexible sensor. This enables continuous self-powered kinematic monitoring, accurately capturing the multi-scale range of motion in human joints, thereby providing an atomic-level design paradigm for next-generation digital medical rehabilitation. Graphical abstract
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RSC Advances
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 31
·28604-28618
·
IF 6.1
Na Qiang,Lihong Huang,Wenlong Zhang,Rouping Zheng,Yan Yu,Jiao Zou,Qingyun Tang,Yubo Zou,Jinyu Yang,Guocong Liu,Shuai Qiu,Shuo Tang
The design of magnetoactive hybrid scaffolds based on biocompatible piezoelectric polymers and magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) holds great promise for advanced bone tissue regeneration applications. In this study, electrospun magnetoactive poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] composite fibrous membranes doped with different concentrations of oleic acid-modified Fe3O4 (Fe3O4-OA) NPs were successfully fabricated via the electrospinning technology. The as-prepared P(VDF-TrFE)/Fe3O4-OA composite membranes exhibited a uniform fibrous morphology with an average fiber diameter of approximately 0.2 µm, and the piezoelectric crystalline β-phase was predominant. The homogeneous dispersion of Fe3O4-OA NPs endowed the composite fibrous membranes with typical ferromagnetic behaviour and tunable saturation magnetisation. In vitro biological evaluations confirmed the excellent biocompatibility of the composite membranes with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). CCK-8 assays indicated that the viability of BMSCs cultured on all composite membrane groups increased over time, and live/dead staining further verified that all composite membranes supported high BMSC viability. F-actin staining results revealed that BMSCs could effectively attach and spread on the composite membranes with well-developed cytoskeletal structures. Moreover, the osteogenic differentiation potential of the BMSCs on the composite membranes was systematically evaluated at the early, middle and late stages of osteogenic induction. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays revealed that the composite membranes containing Fe3O4-OA NPs exhibited significantly elevated ALP activity compared with the pure P(VDF-TrFE) membrane, and RUNX2 immunofluorescence staining confirmed enhanced early osteogenic transcriptional activation in the BMSCs cultured on the Fe3O4-OA-doped composite membranes. Collectively, these findings suggest that the electrospun magnetic P(VDF-TrFE)/Fe3O4-OA composite fibrous membranes exhibit good cytocompatibility and support the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, indicating their potential as scaffold materials for bone tissue engineering.
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POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Wencong Tang,Yuxiang Lin,Minmin Mao,Kaixin Song
Dielectric polymer nanocomposites with low ceramic filler loadings are generally regarded as beneficial for suppressing conduction loss and enhancing breakdown strength. However, this conventional assumption overlooks the critical role of filler spatial distribution in governing microscopic electric field uniformity. In this work, 0.6(0.82Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -0.18Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 )-0.4SrTiO 3 (BNKT-ST) lead-free ceramics were synthesized and surface-modified with the silane coupling agent γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550). The modified nanoparticles were then incorporated into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) matrix to fabricate a series of dielectric nanocomposite films with systematically varied filler contents (0.5–3 wt%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed the target perovskite phase of BNKT-ST and the coexistence of α and β phases in the polymer matrix. By combining quantitative image-based analysis of filler dispersion and microscopic electric field simulations, the spatial distribution of KH550@BNKT-ST nanoparticles in the P(VDF-HFP) matrix was systematically clarified: at excessively low filler loadings (≤ 1 wt%), nanoparticles were sparsely and unevenly dispersed; at a critical filler concentration of ~1 wt%, a continuous and spatially uniform insulating network was formed by the nanoparticles; while at higher filler loadings (> 1 wt%), slight agglomeration of nanoparticles occurred. A nonmonotonic dependence of breakdown strength on filler concentration was revealed. The continuous network at ~1 wt% effectively homogenized the local electric field, maximizing breakdown strength at 440 MV/m and an energy density of 8.97 J/cm 3 . This study demonstrates that low ceramic filler content does not inherently guarantee superior dielectric performance, and highlights the necessity of a critical filler threshold for achieving electric field homogenization in polymer-based dielectric nanocomposites. Highlights A nonmonotonic effect of filler content on breakdown strength is discovered. Quantitative analysis of filler dispersion is conducted to explain the mechanism. The underlying mechanism is revealed via phase-field simulation/analysis. The 1 wt% BNKT-ST/P(VDF-HFP) nanocomposite shows superior performance. This work provides guidance for designing high-energy-density dielectrics.
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CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Gu Peng
Dielectric composites with high dielectric constant, minimal dielectric loss and low conductivity can well serve for energy storage capacitors. High dielectric loss is not favorable due to large energy waste. Here, to improve dielectric constant of poly(vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) by electric percolation, semiconducting NiO filler was added to form composites. However, high leakage current from interfaces can lead to high dielectric loss. Doping insulating α-Al 2 O 3 particles with stable structure, low chemical activity and high modulus into above binary composites can reduce dielectric loss. By changing NiO dose, dielectric constant was well tailored. Dose of α-Al 2 O 3 was left unchanged. Dielectric loss, conductivity and dielectric constant of composites were measured. By the same NiO loading, dielectric loss, conductivity and dielectric constant in ternary composites can be reduced, compared with binary composites. The optimal ternary composite should contain 35 wt% NiO and 4 wt% α-Al 2 O 3 . Optimized dielectric traits of this composite can be reflected by dielectric constant of ~ 64 and dielectric loss of ~ 0.27 under 100 Hz electric field.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Yangjie Zhong,Chengming Tang,Jidong Sun,Yafeng Zhang,Jiaxin Yu
Dielectric materials with superior dielectric properties are pivotal for enhancing the performance of electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) devices. In this work, MWCNTs@SiO2 core–shell-structured fillers were fabricated by coating multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a uniform SiO2 outer layer. This innovative core–shell structure was incorporated into a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) organic matrix to fabricate composite films with enhanced dielectric properties. The incorporation of core–shell fillers significantly enhanced the microcapacitor effect and Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars interface polarization. At a low filler loading of 4 wt %, the composite achieved a high dielectric constant of 25.4 (at 100 Hz), representing a 108.2% enhancement compared to the pristine polymer matrix, while maintaining a low dielectric loss as low as 0.05. Furthermore, the SiO2 shell effectively mitigated inhomogeneous electric field distribution induced by dielectric constant mismatch, reducing field distortion and consequently enhancing the breakdown strength. Notably, under a DC voltage below 50 V, a high contact angle modulation range of 38.3° was achieved, representing a 151.97% enhancement compared to the pristine polymer matrix. These findings provide a new strategy for developing high-performance dielectric materials for EWOD applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物复合材料
·
介电材料
·
纳米技术
·
电化学
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Sensors & Diagnostics
·
2025
·
IF 4.1
Yan Xu,Shiman Yang,Cheng Liu,Haoyu Wu,Kaiping Huang,Wenhui Xu,Jiahe Wang,Yichun Ding
The advancement of wearable electronics for personalized healthcare demands flexible, high-performance pressure sensors capable of detecting both subtle physiological signals and large mechanical motions. In this work, we present a highly sensitive piezoelectric pressure sensor based on a micro-textured PVDF-TrFE/BaTiO3 composite nanofiber mat, fabricated via a facile electrospinning process. A commercial paper napkin was employed as a template collector to directly imprint a micro-structured architecture onto the nanofiber mat, eliminating the need of complex processes. The addition of BaTiO3 (BTO) nanoparticles significantly enhanced the piezoelectric response. The optimized piezoelectric sensor demonstrated outstanding performance with a sensitivity of ~197 mV/kPa, a fast response time of 3.5 ms, excellent frequency stability, and durability over 5000 loading cycles. Practical applicability was successfully verified through real-time monitoring of diverse physiological activities including arterial pulse, respiration, vocal vibrations, eye blinking, joint motion, and plantar pressure detection. These results underscore the potential of our sensor for use in wearable health monitoring, sports biomechanics, and human-machine interfaces, offering a scalable and cost-effective route to high-performance pressure sensing.
研究领域:
可穿戴电子
·
生物医学传感
·
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
柔性传感器
·
健康监测
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2019
·
IF 3.131
Qilong Zhang,Zhicai Zhu,Da Shen,Hui Yang
This paper reports a feasible method to prepare pure organic polymeric nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric and hydrophobic performance. Homogeneous polystyrene (PS) microspheres with an average diameter of about 250 nm was firstly synthesized through emulsion polymerization. The blend film containing PS, PDMS and P(VDF-TrFE) are prepared by a simple solution-blending and spin-coating method. The blend film exhibits enhanced dielectric and hydrophobic properties. Typically, the dielectric constant of the blend film with 23 wt% PS reaches 21 at 100 Hz, which is 3 times that of PDMS/P(VDF-TrFE) (mass ratio: 2/3) due to enhanced interfacial polarization caused by PS addition. Meanwhile, the blend film with 23 wt% PS possesses a large apparent contact angle of 125° because the presence of a rough surface makes the solid-liquid contact surface larger than the apparently observed area, thus enhancing hydrophobicity. All the improved performances show great potential application for electrowetting devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电气工程
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Jing Wang,Zhong Yang,Jianyong Jiang,Chaoyong Deng,Kongjun Zhu
Flexible dielectric materials with benign energy storage performance are highly desirable for the miniaturization, portability and integration of modern electronics. However, the limited energy storage density seriously restricts their practical applications. Herein, multilayered composite films composed of the P(VDF-HFP) matrix and Nd doped BaTiO 3 nanofibers with various filling ratios, layer numbers and topological structures were systematically designed and constructed via the layer-by-layer non-equilibrium process. The 3-layered composite films (3.0 wt% filling ratio) with the pure P(VDF-HFP) layer adjacent to the electrodes revealed good mechanical behavior, greatly enhanced captured ions at interfacial regions and suppressed injected charges from electrodes, which facilitated the improvement of the breakdown strength and discharged energy density. And a maximum U e of 25.5 J/cm 3 with a E b of 719.9 MV/m was achieved, which was not only 1.4 times more than the pure P(VDF-HFP) via the same process, but also behaved better than counterparts with the similar filling ratios and was among the top U e values of related P(VDF-HFP)-based nanocomposites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
介电材料
·
能量存储
·
纳米复合材料
·
聚合物基复合材料
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Nature Communications
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 16.6
Li Bo,Cai Chuanyang,Liu Yang,Wang Fang,Yang Bin,Li Qikai,Zhang Pengxiang,Deng Biao,Hou Pengfei,Liu Weishu
Ferroelectric polymers have great potential applications in mechanical/thermal sensing, but their sensitivity and detection limit are still not outstanding. We propose interface engineering to improve the charge collection in a ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) thin film via cross-linking with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) layer. The as-fabricated P(VDF-TrFE)/PEDOT:PSS composite film exhibits an ultrasensitive and linear mechanical/thermal response, showing sensitivities of 2.2 V kPa −1 in the pressure range of 0.025–100 kPa and 6.4 V K −1 in the temperature change range of 0.05–10 K. A corresponding piezoelectric coefficient of −86 pC N −1 and a pyroelectric coefficient of 95 μC m −2 K −1 are achieved because more charge is collected by the network interconnection interface between PEDOT:PSS and P(VDF-TrFE), related to the increase in the dielectric properties. Our work shines a light on a device-level technique route for boosting the sensitivity of ferroelectric polymer sensors through electrode interface engineering.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
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Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·85
·
IF 3.426
Qilong Zhang,Zhao Zhang,Nuoxin Xu,Hui Yang
Nanocomposites containing inorganic fillers embedded in polymer matrices have exhibited great potential applications in capacitors. Therefore, an effective method to improve the dielectric properties of polymer is to design novel fillers with a special microstructure. In this work, a combination of hydrothermal method and precipitation method was used to synthesize in situ SnO2nanoparticles on the surface of one-dimensional TiO2nanowires (TiO2NWs), and the TiO2NWs@SnO2fillers well-dispersed into the poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE)] polymer. Hybrid structure TiO2NWs @SnO2introduce extra interfaces, which enhance the interfacial polarization and the dielectric constant. Typically, at 10 vol.% low filling volume fraction, the composite with TiO2NWs @SnO2shows a dielectric constant of 133.4 at 100 Hz, which is almost four times that of polymer. Besides, the TiO2NWs prevents the direct contact of SnO2with each other in the polymer matrix, so the composites still maintain good insulation performance. All the improved performance indicates these composites can be widely useful in electronic devices.Keywords:hybrid structure;composites;interfacial polarization;dielectric performances
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
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