CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Xiaoli Chen,Binxu Cai,Yi Cai,Yizhe Pan,Feng Xiao,Ye Xu,Jie Yin,Zuowei Ying,Zheng Li
Colored zirconia suspensions are difficult to process by stereolithography because coloring species absorb ultraviolet light and the ceramic particles introduce additional scattering. Here, pink, green, and blue 3Y-ZrO 2 suspensions were modified by replacing 0-20 vol% of the ceramic phase with SiO 2 while maintaining a constant total solids loading of 45 vol%. Increasing the SiO 2 content reduced the apparent optical attenuation near 355 nm, increased the cure depth and depth-sensitivity parameter, and lowered the critical exposure energy. Suspensions containing 15-20 vol% SiO 2 showed the most favorable photocuring response within the investigated range and enabled stable printing. The same compositional modification also influenced subsequent thermal evolution: SiO 2 reacted with ZrO 2 to form ZrSiO 4 , and the selected composites reached relative densities above 97%. The sintered specimens retained characteristic pink, green, and blue coloration, with only limited color differences between the 15 and 20 vol% compositions. Flexural strengths of 200-370 MPa and Vickers hardness values of 10-14 GPa were obtained. These results show that SiO 2 substitution can improve the printability of strongly attenuating colored zirconia suspensions while supporting densification during sintering, although ZrSiO 4 formation introduces a trade-off in mechanical performance.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Yuying Wang,Wenqiang Zhou,Shufan Li,Huangping Yan,Zhouyi Xu,Jianhuan Zhang,Gaofeng Zheng,Chentao Zhang
Dual-Locking strategy (ionic + physical) decouples swelling-conductivity trade-off. • Hydrogel achieves ultralow swelling (2.1%) and robust wet adhesion (>9 kPa). • Prevents micro-delamination, eliminating impedance drift and motion artifacts. • Enables 97.59% gesture accuracy and precise underwater muscle fatigue assessment. • Provides a reliable engineering paradigm for aquatic biopotential acquisition. Reliable acquisition of underwater surface electromyography (sEMG) is the cornerstone of aquatic health monitoring, yet it faces a critical challenge: the inevitable swelling of hydrogel electrodes disrupts the skin-electrode interface, leading to severe signal degradation. To address this dilemma, we propose a “Dual-Locking” densification strategy synergizing internal ionic locking (electrostatic interaction) and solvent-regulated physical crystallization to construct a robust polyphenol-based hydrogel (PTDG). This strategy effectively suppresses the swelling ratio (<3% in water; <9% in seawater) while preserving high ionic conductivity (1.84 S·m −1 ) and strong wet adhesion (9.33 kPa), successfully decoupling the trade-off between stability and electrochemical performance. Consequently, the PTDG electrode maintains a stable contact interface with minimal impedance drift, enabling high-fidelity sEMG recording with a signal-to-noise ratio of 36.47 dB even after 60 min of underwater operation. Validated by a rigorous session-wise deep learning evaluation (achieving a gesture recognition accuracy of 97.59% and a Macro-F1 score of 97.09%) and precise muscle fatigue monitoring, this work presents a versatile solution for reliable underwater biopotential acquisition. Download: Download high-res image (534KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 47
·期 1
·118756
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IF 6.3
Qifa Lin,Gaolei Dong,Jinfeng Lin,Hao Yan,Min Gao,Chunlin Zhao,Cong Lin,Xiao Wu
Lead-free potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based piezoelectric-transparent ceramics exhibit challenges including insufficient densification, excessive grain growth, and severe K/Na volatilization during conventional sintering. Here, we systematically compare one-step sintering with two-step sintering for the (1- x %)[(K 0.5 Na 0.5 ) 0.97 Ca 0.03 Nb 0.99 Zn 0.01 O 3 ]- x %Sr(Sc 0.5 Nb 0.5 )O 3 ceramics. Two-step sintering decouples densification from grain growth by leveraging the kinetic difference between grain boundary diffusion and migration, achieving refined grains, improved relative density, and effective suppression of K and Na volatilization. Moreover, it promotes the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition, increasing the fraction of tetragonal and pseudocubic phases and enhancing overall lattice symmetry. Consequently, the optimal ceramic achieves superior optical transmittance (52.2% at 800 nm) and improved ferroelectric/dielectric/piezoelectric properties, with a piezoelectric coefficient of 128 pC/N, approximately 21% higher than that of the one-step sintering counterpart. This work demonstrates that two-step sintering constitutes a highly effective strategy for simultaneously achieving high transparency and strong piezoelectric response in KNN-based ceramics.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Yaxiang Sun,Peipei Wang,Weikai Shi,Xin Lan,Yanju Liu,Jinsong Leng
BaTiO 3 ceramics fabricated by conventional methods have been the primary focus of previous investigations. In contrast, the effects of different sintering aids on DLP-fabricated BaTiO 3 ceramics were systematically investigated over a wide sintering-temperature range. A DLP fabrication route incorporating sintering aids was employed to overcome the limitations of conventional fabrication in producing complex-structured lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with tailored properties. BaTiO 3 ceramics were fabricated using a high-solid-loading photosensitive slurry (85 wt%). Four independent compositions were prepared, each containing a single sintering aid (CuO, SiO 2 , TEOS, or Li 2 CO 3 ). The printed samples were subsequently sintered at temperatures ranging from 1375 to 1475 °C to establish clear processing–structure–property relationships. The results show that all sintering aids significantly influence densification behavior, microstructural evolution, and functional properties. Among them, TEOS-containing ceramics exhibit the most balanced overall performance, with optimal properties achieved within 1425–1450 °C. The sample sintered at 1425 °C shows the highest relative density (0.941) and dielectric constant (1904), while the maximum piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 = 234 pC/N) is obtained at 1450 °C. CuO addition leads to the highest piezoelectric response (d 33 = 258.7 pC/N), but is accompanied by abnormal grain growth and reduced microstructural stability. In contrast, SiO 2 - and Li 2 CO 3 -containing samples exhibit comparatively lower overall performance due to less effective densification and microstructural development. Overall, a systematic comparative framework was established for evaluating the effects of different sintering aids on DLP-fabricated BaTiO 3 ceramics. The combination of sintering-aid engineering and additive manufacturing offers an effective route for optimizing the microstructure and multifunctional performance of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for energy harvesting and sensing applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9
Zhihao Jin,Yan Yue,Hao Xiong,Xianfu Chen,Minghui Qiu,Yiqun Fan
The elevated sintering temperatures required for conventional yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte membranes pose a significant limitation to further application. In this study, a novel hydrothermal–vacuum filtration method was applied for membrane construction and a dense and integrated YSZ electrolyte membrane was prepared under a low sintering temperature of 1100 °C. Single phase structured YSZ with grain size less than 10 nm were obtained under optimal hydrothermal conditions. In addition, the lattice distortion induced by the incorporation of Y element stabilized the phase structure of the material and effectively introduced oxygen vacancies. A vacuum filtration route was employed to mitigate nanoparticle agglomeration and enable the stable fabrication of fully dense and homogeneous self-supported electrolyte membranes. The membrane properties obtained using this method were significantly superior to those prepared by conventional dry-pressing. Furthermore, the continuous grain boundaries formed by nanosized particles further enhanced the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte, resulting in a conductivity of 0.02 S/cm at 800 °C for the membrane sintered at 1100 °C. In conclusion, this study provides YSZ electrolyte membranes with outstanding performance and a low-temperature preparation method, both of which demonstrate significant potential for further application in the field of solid oxide cells (SOC).
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Cheng Su,Bingzhu Wang,Huan Guo,Jixiang Dai,Jianjun Sha
In view of the high sintering temperature and difficulty in densification of the ultra-high temperature ceramics(UHTCs), a novel reactive hot-pressing process was designed to achieve the low temperature densification of high strength (Zr,Ta)B 2 -SiC ceramics. It was found that the mechanical properties were closely associated with the microstructure, being dependent on the sintering temperature. The microstructure characterization revealed that the main phases of ceramic were incompletely solid soluted borides and SiC at the sintering temperature of 1600 °C; while at 1700 °C, the boride ceramics were completely solid soluted (Zr,Ta)B 2 and formed an interlocking structure with SiC. The evaluation of mechanical properties indicated that the flexural strength of the ceramics increased from 470.2 MPa to 736.7 MPa when the sintering temperature increased from 1600 °C to 1800 °C. Correspondingly, the fracture toughness increased from 3.54 MPa·m 1/2 to 4.10 MPa·m 1/2 . The improvement of mechanical properties were mainly attributed to the interlocking structure formed by the solid solution (Zr,Ta)B 2 and SiC, which caused the crack propagation path becoming tortuous along the interface of different phases.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
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Materials Research Express
·
2024
·Vol. 11
·期 7
·075101
·
IF 1.8
Lina Zhan,Yao Zhang,Xuan Zhang,Yuzhibiao Xia,Yao Liu
The densification mechanism of CeO2 doped Si3N4 ceramics during spark plasma sintering (SPS) was investigated. The sintering process was observed to undergo significant densification at the intermediate stage of sintering (1435 °C–1816 °C), and the density and grain size of CeO2 doped Si3N4 ceramic were found to be greater than those of pure Si3N4 ceramic under the same sintering conditions. To determine the densification mechanism, a creep model was utilized to determine the densification mechanism which could be interpreted based on the values of the stress exponent (n) and the apparent activation energy (Qd). The results revealed that the Qd of pure Si3N4 (381.15 kJ mol−1) is higher than that of Si3N4-CeO2 powder (265.61 kJ mol−1). Moreover, the stress exponent n of Si3N4-CeO2 powder (1.12–1.33) was higher than that of pure Si3N4 powder (1.00–1.18). This can be attributed to the fact that the addition of CeO2 resulted in the formation of a liquid phase at the grain boundary which leading to a shift in the controlling mechanism from grain boundary diffusion to grain boundary sliding.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Zhaoxin Zhong,Jian Ye,Yang Wang,Yuhan Ren,Jiawei Zhang,Biao Zhang,Feng Ye
The pressureless sintering (PLS) technique holds substantial potential in manufacturing cost-effective composites with intricate shapes. Nonetheless, it can lead to reduced density in titanium matrix composites (TMCs), affecting their mechanical properties. This study introduces a novel approach to producing high-density TMCs utilizing polymer encapsulation on hydride-dehydride (HDH) TC4 particles through wet mixing. The coexistence of the sintering Si-B-Ti/Al-C-N liquid phases and a dual approach to deoxidizing HDH TC4 particles synergistically enhance the compactness of the TMCs, achieving densities as high as 98.5 % during PLS. The densification mechanisms for (TiB+TiC+Ti 3 Si)/TC4 composites under different conditions kinetics were revealed by calculating the effective grain growth exponent and activation energy. The (TiB+TiC+Ti 3 Si)/TC4 composite, produced through PLS at 1300 ℃ for 1.5 hours, exhibits exceptional properties with a compressive strength of 2087 MPa and a fracture strain of 41.7 %. This research will provide a feasible avenue for developing high-performance TMCs using the polymer as the reinforcement source and low-cost HDH TC4 powder during PLS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·Vol. 50
·期 5
·7346-7354
·
IF 5.2
Songtong Xuan,Xiangchen Kong,Jianying Hao,Xiaojun Wang,Yuming Tian
MgO–MgAl 2 O 4 composites are arising as promising candidates for high-temperature industrial applications. For this reason, the in-situ synthesis of such types of composites with spinel structure has attracted the attention of the scientific community. Along these lines, in this work, magnesia and bauxite were used as raw materials to fabricate MgAl 2 O 4 composites. The mass proportion in the composites was also adjusted by using the solid-phase sintering method at 1400–1650 °C to enhance its mechanical properties and densification. XPS and SEM measurements were conducted, indicating that the MA50 sample with the mass ratio of 50:100 (MgAl 2 O 4 :MgO + MgAl 2 O 4 ) exhibited the best properties at 1550 °C, in terms of uniformity of the grains’ growth morphology, optimal densification of the matrix structure, and achieving a maximum flexural strength of 113.23 MPa. From our analysis, it was demonstrated that the non-equivalent displacement of Al 3+ and Mg 2+ could easily lead to the formation of the (Mg 1-x Al x/2 )Mg x/4 O solid-solution during the similar crystal structure, which enhanced mechanical strengthening between the micro-grain and framework. Meanwhile, the existence of a certain liquid phase not only effectively increased the mass transfer during the processing of interdiffusion between Al 3+ and Mg 2+ , but also promoted the distribution of crystallite and microstructure.
研究领域:
材料科学
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陶瓷
·
高温材料
·
材料力学性能
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高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.413
Zhi-Bo Li,Guo-Hua Zhang,Kuo-Chih Chou
The ultrafine composite powders of two different compositions (90W-7Ni-3Fe and 93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe, wt%) were synthesized by a two-stage reduction process consisting of carbothermic pre-reduction and the following deep reduction by hydrogen, and then the densification behaviors of them were investigated. The prepared W-Ni-Fe composite powders by the new proposed two-stage method had the particle size ranged from 200 nm to 400 nm. The sintered compacts of these two kinds of W-Ni-Fe powders achieved nearly full densification at a sintering temperature of 1400 °C within 3 h. The maximum hardness of the alloys obtained at 1300 °C were 411 HV and 358 HV, and the bending strength of >1500 MPa was achieved at 1400 °C for the compositions of 90W-7Ni-3Fe and 93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe, respectively. Meanwhile, the bending fracture mechanism was also investigated, which was different for the samples sintered at different temperatures.
研究领域:
材料科学
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冶金工程
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高影响因子
Journal of Central South University
·
2021
·Vol. 28
·期 4
·1233-1243
·
IF 1.716
Rao Wei-dong,Liu Yao,Cheng Li-jing,Liu Shao-jun
Combining sintering additive with field assisted sintering, stereolithographical dense Si 3 N 4 ceramics was successfully fabricated. Owing to a large amount of polymer during the stereolithography, the green parts have the characteristics of low powder loading and high porosity. Adjusting the process parameters such as sintering temperature and soaking time can effectively improve the density of the specimens. The stress exponent n of all specimens is in a range of 1 and 2, which is derived from a modified sintering kinetics model. The apparent activation energy Q d of stereolithographic Si 3 N 4 ceramics sintered with applied pressures of 30 MPa, 40 MPa, and 50 MPa is 384.75, 276.61 and 193.95 kJ/mol, respectively, suggesting that the densification dynamic process is strengthened by raising applied pressure. The grain boundary slipping plays a dominating role in the densification of stereolithographic Si 3 N 4 ceramics. The Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of stereolithographic Si 3 N 4 ceramics are HV10/10 (1347.9±2.4) and (6.57±0.07) MPa·m 1/2 , respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.45
Liang Cheng,Biaojie Yan,Rui Gao,Xiangdong Liu,Zhenliang Yang,Bingqing Li,Yi Zhong,Pengchuang Liu,Yun Wang,Mingfu Chu,Bin Bai,Pengcheng Zhang
UO 2 /Mo composite pellets with enhanced thermal conductivity have been considered for the novel construction of high-safety fuel systems. UO 2 /Mo core-shell composite pellets with a reasonable porosity of 4–5% were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). In the SPS UO 2 /Mo composite, the majority of pores remained homogeneous in the UO 2 matrix, while it had a dense morphology in the continuous Mo channel for the heat conduction . The sintering behaviour of the UO 2 /Mo composite indicated that the incorporating Mo impeded densification of UO 2 , and the primary densification temperature ranged from 903 K to 1270 K. To introduce 2 vol% Mo to UO 2 , the thermal conductivity (TC) was enhanced to 4.02 W/m·K at 1073 K. The above result represented a 23.31% improvement over the value of 3.26 W/m·K (Fink) for a pure UO 2 pellet, which was approximated by the revised Hasselman-Johnson model. In particular, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was reduced to 10.0 × 10 −6 /K from 298 K to 1673 K, representing an 8.83% reduction from the value of 10.98 × 10 −6 /K (Martin) for a pure UO 2 pellet. The reduction effect on the CTE was superior to that of other UO 2 matrix composites fuel systems and, hence, offers an external safety aspect for reactors at the elevated temperatures close to accident conditions. These results provide a feasible method for the fabrication of a UO 2 /Mo core-shell pellet as an accident tolerant fuel.
研究领域:
核能工程
·
材料科学
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）