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Memcapacitors and Memristor Characteristics of ISGE-SOT and SHE-SOT Gain-Driven MoS2:Er Ferromagnets

Haoqun Zeng,Xi Chen,Jianyu Ling,Hongpeng Zhang,Yu Tong,Kewei Zhang,Mingzhe Zhang

The enhancement of the spin–orbit torque (SOT) effect through the integration of intrinsic inverse spin galvanic effect spin–orbit torque and spin Hall effect spin–orbit torque is fundamentally dependent on the structural and material properties of the ferromagnets. Consequently, the synthesis of ferromagnets with superior structural integrity and material characteristics is of paramount importance. In this study, a gas–liquid chemical reaction, in conjunction with ultrasonic crushing, was employed to synthesize few-layer MoS2:Er nanosheets. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses confirm the successful substitution of Mo4+ by Er3+ through doping within the MoS2 lattice. Vibrating sample magnetometry and MT measurements indicate that MoS2:Er exhibits room-temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM), with the underlying mechanism elucidated through first-principles calculations. Furthermore, the unique electron density of states at the Fermi level suggests the presence of ferromagnetism in MoS2:Er. A wedge-shaped Pt/MoS2:Er/Au structure was fabricated and subsequently evaluated for current-induced SOT switching, as well as for its memcapacitor and memristor characteristics. The precession of a magnetic moment in three-dimensional space was successfully simulated by solving the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert–Slonczewski equation using the Mumax.

Co/MoS2 nanocomposite catalyzed H2 evolution upon dimethylamine-borane hydrolysis and in situ tandem reaction

Junjie Zhou,Xu Meng,Jiaying Yan,Xiang Liu

Since dimethylamine-borane ($ 463/kg) is much cheaper than ammonia borane ($ 13,921/kg), the hydrolysis of dimethylamine-borane catalyzed by transition metal nanocatalysts has long been proposed as a viable opportunity for hydrogen evolution, but it often required noble metals nanocomposites, such as Pt, Rh and Ru. Herein, we first report the ultrafine non-noble metal nanoparticles supported on MoS 2 nanosheet (including Fe/MoS 2 , Co/MoS 2 , Ni/MoS 2 and Cu/MoS 2 ) for the H 2 evolution from hydrolysis of dimethyl amine-borane (DMAB). Among them, Co/MoS 2 is found to be more efficient than others for the H 2 evolution, with the TOF of 374 mol (H2) •mol cat −1 •h −1 . Kinetic isotopic experiment and the tandem reaction have confirmed that H 2 evolution by using H atoms in water.

Rigid-flexible NiFe-LDH/MoS2 nanocomposite enables fast adsorption and high-load lubrication in oils

Zhengquan Jiang,Zehan Zhang,Chuanwei Qiao,Aiyun Jiang,Xiaoyi Hu,Shihao Bai,Peisong Liu,Shengmao Zhang,I.N. Kavaliova,Maksim V. Prozhega,Weihua Li

High-performance lubricants are vital for industrial machinery operating under extreme loads and temperatures, yet conventional additives often fail to meet modern industrial demands due to limited tribological performance. This study reports an oleylamine-modified nickel-iron layered double hydroxide-molybdenum disulfide (OA-NiFe-LDH/MoS 2 ) nanocomposite, synthesized under mild conditions via in-situ surface modification in a one-pot liquid-phase route. The rigid NiFe-LDH lamellae provide abundant adsorption sites and cooperate with the low-shear-stress characteristic of flexible MoS 2 nanosheets to enable fast adsorption and high-load lubrication. Anti-wear and friction-reduction of the nanocomposite in poly-α-olefin-6 (PAO6) base oil were evaluated on a four-ball friction tester. Parallel tests on pristine OA-MoS 2 nanoparticles were conducted to isolate the contribution of the LDH component. At 75°C and 392 N, coefficient of friction (COF) decreased by 36 % to 0.066, with exceptional anti-wear performance maintained at 150°C, significantly outperforming neat PAO6 and OA-MoS 2 alone in steel-steel contacts. Spectroscopic and thermal analyses demonstrate superior dispersibility, while surface characterization reveals that the nanocomposite promotes extensive tribochemical formation of sulfides and oxides, forming a durable transfer film that minimizes metal contact and wear. Synergistic interplay between adsorption capacity of NiFe-LDH and lubricity of MoS 2 enables robust physical and chemisorbed films, ensuring stability under extreme conditions. Thermal stability and oxidation resistance of the nanocomposite mitigate lubricant degradation, offering a promising strategy for designing energy-efficient, durable lubricants for high-load, high-temperature industrial applications, with substantial potential to lower operational costs and environmental impact.

Effect of Au@MoS2 Contacted PEDOT:PSS on Work Function of Planar Silicon Hybrid Solar Cells

Juan Wang,Weijie Zhou,Qianwen Wei,Guangsheng Liu,Xibin Yuan,Hua Pen,Guijun Zhang,Rongfei Wang,Chong Wang,Yu Yang

Solar cells formed by spin-coating organic absorber layers on silicon have attracted widespread attention due to their simple processes and high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE). In typical organic/Si solar cells, however, surface defects or unsatisfactory carrier separation are inadequate to yield excellent device performance. Here, the Au@MoS 2 nanocomposites are well synthesized and doped into the organic layer of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to improve its work function and the performance of PEDOT:PSS/Si HSCs consequently. By optimizing the doping level of Au@MoS 2 , the PCE significantly improved from 11.48% to 14.0% by tuning the work function of the PEDOT:PSS layer to more appropriate values. The calculated results based on the Mott–Schottky model indicate that the built-in field in the PEDOT:PSS/Si interface of HSCs is significantly enhanced due to the increase of work function by the PEDOT:PSS thin films. The enhancement of the built-in field results in the reduction of the electron–hole recombination loss effectively. The work provides a feasible method for preparing high-performance PEDOT:PSS/Si HSCs.

3D RGO@MoS2/Ag NPs based SERS platform for label-free detection of IL-6

Qinqin Qian,Haocheng He,Songyin Fu,Jia Xu,Ho-Pui Ho,Shuwen Zeng,Tao Jiang,Sheqin Lv,Chenjie Gu

The efficient and sensitive monitoring of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) is crucial for the clinical tracking and diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Herein, a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate (RGO@MoS 2 /Ag NPs), comprising an efficient charge-transfer and adsorption layer of reduced graphene oxide (GO) encapsulated in molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and an electromagnetic enhancement layer of Ag nanoparticles, was developed for the highly sensitive, label-free detection of IL-6. Experimentally, a precursor film consisting of (NH 4 ) 2 MoS 4 and GO was first deposited onto a rough g -C 3 N 4 substrate via spin-coating process. Subsequently, the above precursor film was subjected to a two-step high-temperature annealing process for preparing the RGO@MoS 2 charge transfer layer. Finally, Ag NPs were sputtered onto the RGO@MoS 2 film to induce the localized surface plasmons for the further enhancement of the SERS performance. Leveraging the high specific surface area and exceptional charge transfer properties of RGO@MoS 2 , together with the high-density “hot spots” generated by surface Ag NPs, the fabricated SERS substrate exhibited remarkable electromagnetic and chemical enhancement effects. By using the rhodamine 6G (R6G) as the Raman reporter, it was determined that the lowest detection limit could be as low as 10 −9  M on the optimal SERS substrate, with an enhancement factor of 2.2 × 10 9 . Meanwhile, the substrate also exhibited good uniformity, with a relative standard deviation of 9.84%. Finally, the prepared SERS substrate was used to detect the IL-6, it showed good linear response in the range of 5.0-1000 pg/mL, with a detection limit as low as 0.41 pg/mL.

Controlled oxidation and morphological evolution of monolayer MoS2 via direct oxygen-induced chemical vapor deposition

Jiantao Sun,Yujie Xi,Yaqi Zhou,Shenghao Xie,Xiaoxiang Wu,Qichen Zhao,Yong Zou,Ke Zhang,Yewu Wang,Mengge Li

O 2 flow regulates the etching behavior of monolayer MoS 2 during CVD growth. • Oxidative etching evolves from edge-preferred to spatially distributed morphology. • XPS, Raman, PL, and SEM analyses support oxygen-induced structural evolution. • This approach provides an alternative to conventional post-growth oxidation for modulating MoS 2 oxidation during formation. • This work clarifies oxygen-flow-dependent morphology modulation in monolayer MoS 2 . Controlled oxidation of monolayer MoS 2 is an effective route to tailor its optical, electronic and catalytic properties. However, conventional post-treatment oxidation treatments often suffer from poor controllability, nonuniform damage, and limited morphological precision. Here, we demonstrate a direct oxygen-induced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth strategy that enables controllable oxidation during synthesis by precisely tuning the oxygen (O 2 ) flow rate. By systematically varying the O 2 flow rate, a clear transition from edge-localized oxidation to more spatially distributed etching behavior is revealed. This evolution is comprehensively characterized through Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which together elucidate the coupled changes in optical response and surface morphology during oxidation. The results highlight the competing roles of oxygen-induced defect passivation and oxidation-driven etching, and their spatial dependence across the monolayer MoS 2 . This growth-integrated oxidation approach provides a promising route for constructing well-defined oxidized MoS 2 structures, and could potentially be explored for controlled doping, morphology engineering, heterostructure construction, and related device applications. Controllable O 2 oxidation during CVD growth of monolayer MoS 2 enables tunable edge-to-spatial etching transition. Download: Download high-res image (169KB) Download: Download full-size image

Preparation of Oxygen-Doped Amorphous MoS2 and Its Electrocatalytic Performance for Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a key approach for synthesizing green ammonia under mild conditions. However, the high bond energy of the N≡N triple bond makes N2difficult to activate, limiting the Faradaic efficiency. MoS2offers advantages such as low cost and abundant reserves as a non-precious-metal NRR electrocatalyst. Nevertheless, pure MoS2suffers from insufficient conductivity and a limited number of active sites, resulting in suboptimal catalytic performance. Herein, we develop a solvent-regulated one-step hydrothermal strategy using ethylene glycol as the sole reaction medium to fabricate an oxygen-substituted amorphous MoS2(O-MoS2) electrocatalyst. XRD, SEM, and HRTEM characterization revealed that, as the ethylene glycol ratio increased, the product gradually transformed from a layered crystalline structure to a completely amorphous structure. XPS confirmed that oxygen atoms were uniformly incorporated into the MoS2lattice via substitution doping. Electrochemical testing showed that O-MoS2achieved an ammonia yield of 97.16 μg h−1mg−1and a Faradaic efficiency of 46.44% in a 0.1 M Na2SO4electrolyte at −0.70 V vs. RHE, significantly outperforming undoped MoS2and semi-doped S-MoS2. DFT calculations indicate that O doping reduces the N2adsorption energy, thereby synergistically promoting N2adsorption and activation. This dual-modification strategy provides a facile and universal guidance for electronic structure regulation of MoS2-based catalysts and sheds new light on the design of high-efficiency ambient nitrogen fixation electrocatalysts toward practical green ammonia synthesis.

Improved cryogenic mechanical properties and liquid oxygen compatibility of MoS2/Epoxy nanocomposites via KH560-Functionalization

Hong-Yu Zhao,Fang-Liang Guo,De-Yi Qu,Wan-Dong Hou,Min-Xing Tao,Yu-Tong Fu,Yuan-Qing Li,Shao-Yun Fu

The 0.2 phr KH560-MoS₂/epoxy nanocomposite exhibits optimal mechanical properties at both RT and 90 K. • Compared with neat epoxy, the 0.2 phr KH560-MoS 2 /EP system exhibits significantly improved liquid oxygen compatibility. • Combining 15 phr TAD with 0.2 phr KH560-MoS₂ yields high char residue and full liquid oxygen compatibility. Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites exhibit significant lightweight potential for liquid oxygen (LOX) cryogenic tank applications. Nevertheless, their practical deployment is heavily constrained by the dual challenges of extreme cryogenic environment (90 K) and inherent incompatibility with liquid oxygen. Epoxy resins, when employed as matrices, cannot address the two critical challenges and hence need to be modified. In this study, epoxy resin is modified by grafting two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) nanosheets with KH560 silane coupling agent. Mechanical properties of the modified epoxy system are systematically evaluated at room temperature (RT) and cryogenic temperature (90 K). The results show that at an optimal content of 0.2 phr, the incorporation of KH560-MoS 2 simultaneously enhances the mechanical properties at both RT and 90 K. Moreover, the liquid oxygen compatibility of the 0.2 phr KH560-MoS 2 /EP system is notably improved, and the epoxy nanocomposite further modified with 15 phr TAD and 0.2 phr KH560-MoS 2 can successfully pass the liquid oxygen compatibility test. These findings demonstrate that the proposed epoxy nanocomposite system exhibits enhanced mechanical properties and improved LOX compatibility, highlighting its potential as a matrix candidate for CFRP composites intended for cryogenic LOX tank applications.

Electrochemical aptasensor for sensitive detection of Cardiac troponin I based on CuNWs/MoS2/rGO nanocomposite

Yujie Han,Xujie Su,Lifang Fan,Zhiguang Liu,Yujing Guo

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a “gold standard biomarker” for clinical diagnose of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) . Rapid, accurate, and sensitive detection methods for cTnI are highly urgent and significant in early diagnosis and progression control. In this work, we proposed an electrochemical aptasensing platform for cTnI detection based on copper nanowires/molybdenum disulfide/reduced graphene oxide (CuNWs/MoS 2 /rGO) ternary nanostructure. The CuNWs/MoS 2 /rGO composite exhibited improved electrochemical activity due to the high electrochemical conductivity and the synergistic effect among each component, and the large surface area, which also facilitates the immobilization of aptamers. As a result, the constructed electrochemical cTnI aptasensor shows good selectivity, stability, and reproducibility towards cTnI. Under optimized conditions, the aptasensor responses cTnI linearly from 5.0 × 10 −13 to 1.0 × 10 −10 g mL −1 with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10 −13 g mL −1 (S/N = 3). The analysis of cTnI in human blood samples demonstrated its practicability with comparable results. This work offers an alternative way for facile fabrication of CuNWs/MoS 2 /rGO based aptasensor for clinical biomarker detection.

P-doped 3D graphene network supporting uniformly vertical MoS2 nanosheets for enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction

Junying Huang,Mengting Chen,Xiaowen Zhang,Weipeng Liu,Yingju Liu

In order to optimize the conductivity of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and promote its large-scale application as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution , MoS 2 is usually used to form composites with conductive materials , but these hybrid materials suffer from scare active sites, overlapping and complicate process. In this work, phosphoric acid is used as a builder of stereoscopic structures, which can not only twist graphene sheets into a P-doped three-dimensional (3D) graphene network but also promote surface electron transport between graphene sheets. Without adding additional framework materials such as carbon nanotubes or nickel foam, stereoscopic MoS 2 /graphene structures are formed with a large number of twisted graphene sheets to support the vertical growth of MoS 2 and expose the edge sites of MoS 2 , showing a low Tafel slope about 35 mV dec −1 , a high current density of 900 mA cm −2 at about 300 mV and a robust stability over 2000 cycles. Thus, this work shows a possibility to synthesize an efficient catalyst on a large-scale for hydrogen evolution reaction, which can promote the realization of hydrogen economy .

Ni-Doped MoS2/N-Doped Carbon Hollow Nanostructures for Sodium-Ion Half and Full Batteries

Songya Cui,Jiashuo Wang,Chengxiang Tian,Xiaoyu Xu,Dongxue Han,Guang Chen,Yufeng Yu,Liang Peng

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are restricted in their energy storage capacity primarily because the considerable size of Na+ and inherently slow redox processes limit efficient charge transfer. Transition metal chalcogenides with layered structures have considerable promise as advanced materials of SIBs. Herein, the Ni-doped hollow MoS2/NC spheres with nitrogen-doped carbon are fabricated by a simple water/ethanol system combined with thermal annealing. Nickel doping effectively modifies the electronic properties of MoS2, leading to a substantial improvement in electrical conductivity and an increase in the density of electrochemically active sites. The addition of nitrogen-doped carbon within the composite helps to improve redox kinetics, ensuring improved structural integrity. Consequently, the Ni-MoS2/NC anode demonstrates excellent cycling stability, delivering a capacity of 176 mAh g–1 at 5.0 A g–1 for 10,000 cycles. Moreover, a full battery paired with a Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode exhibits impressive rate performance, when the current is restored to 0.1 A g–1, and it showed a high specific capacity of 326 mAh g–1, which indicates that the Ni-MoS2/NC||Na3V2(PO4)3/C full battery exhibits robust performance across varying current densities, maintaining high electrochemical reversibility. This effective approach ensures improved electrochemical performance, prolonged cycling life, and higher efficiency, making hollow nanostructures a promising design for next-generation energy storage systems.

Molten-droplet-driven growth of MoS2 flakes with controllable morphology transition for hydrogen evolution reactions

Shuai Yang,Jing Wu,Chao Wang,Hong Yan,Luoqiao Han,Jianmin Feng,Bo Zhang,Dejun Li,Gui Yu,Birong Luo

The controllable fabrication of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) and a deep understanding of the corresponding process mechanisms are of fundamental importance for their further applications. In this study, the molten-droplet-driven (MDD) growth of MoS2 based on a Na–Mo–O molten-salt chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is demonstrated via temperature-dependent dispersion and spreading of droplets on a surface, yielding MoS2 flakes with morphology transition from compact triangles to fractal dendrites with the increase in temperature. By building up the dependence between the formed morphologies of grown MoS2 flakes and the corresponding kinetics during successive growth processes, it was found that the wetting-driven force, which is governed by interface free energies (surface tension) of molten droplets, would largely determine the driven movement of the droplet, and then the formation of different morphologies. Finally, based on these MoS2 flakes, a systematic improvement of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was demonstrated in accordance with the evolution of morphologies from compact to fractal. This study presents an important advance in understanding the growth mechanisms related to the molten-salt-assisted CVD fabrication of 2D TMDs and provides a facile method for tailoring the growth and application of 2D TMDs with controllably trimmed morphologies.