Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 17
·2541
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IF 4.7
Jiali Xu,Xiaodi Liu,Qiang Zhang
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a broadly utilized natural nanofiber produced by microbial fermentation, but its high-cost and low-yield production and limited function still hinder its application. Here, we used the spraying-assisted biosynthesis method to introduce biomass nanofibers along with the nutrient media to the fermenting BC. Biomass nanofibers could be cellulose, chitosan, and others. They entangled with BC nanofibers via intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen binding and electrostatic adsorption, to form uniform BC composites. The BC composites achieved an enhanced yield of ~140 wt% compared with pure BC and displayed similar excellent mechanical properties (Young’s moduli = 0.9–1.4 MPa for wet films and =~6500 MPa for dried films). BC composites also had similar high crystallinity and thermal stability to pure BC. The functional groups of biomasses endowed BC composite additional functions such as antibacterial and dye-adsorption capabilities. Moreover, a high yield and functionalization could be realized simultaneously by feeding functional cellulose nanofibers. This method provides a facile way to produce BC composites with low cost, high yield, and multiple functions.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Weikang Ke,Fang Ge,Xiaolong Shi,Yutao Zhang,Tianyu Wu,Xi Zhu,Yaming Cheng,Yiqian Shi,Zhongkai Wang,Liang Yuan,Youxian Yan
Aerogels with low thermal conductivity and high adsorption capacity present a promising solution to curb water pollution caused by organic reagents as well as mitigate heat loss. Although aerogels exhibiting good adsorption capacity and thermal insulation have been reported, materials with mechanical integrity, high flexibility and shear resistance still pose a formidable task. Here, we produced bacterial cellulose-based ultralight multifunctional hybrid aerogels by using freeze-drying followed by chemical vapor deposition silylation method. The hybrid aerogels displayed a low density of 10–15 mg/cm 3 , high porosity exceeding 99.1 %, low thermal conductivity (27.3–29.2 mW/m . K) and superior hydrophobicity (water contact angle>120 o ). They also exhibited excellent mechanical properties including superelasticity, high flexibility and shear resistance. The hybrid aerogels demonstrated high heat shielding efficiency when used as an insulating material. As a selective oil absorbent, the hybrid aerogels exhibit a maximum adsorption capacity of up to approximately 156 times its own weight and excellent recoverability. Especially, the aerogel's highly accessible porous microstructure results in an impressive flux rate of up to 162 L/h . g when used as a filter in a continuous oil-water separator to isolate n-hexane-water mixtures. This work presents a novel endeavor to create high-performance, sustainable, reusable, and adaptable multifunctional aerogels.
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COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.2
Cai Yuanpeng,Li Danyang,Peng Shaohua,Liu Hui
Nanogels offered a large surface area for biological conjugation due to their nanoscale size, enabling prolonged circulation in the bloodstream and targeted delivery to specific tissues. CMC/POM nanogels composed of 2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl methacrylate (MEO 3 MA), methacrylic acid (MAA), and natural biopolymer carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were synthesized via free radical polymerization. The chemical structures of CMC/POM nanogels were characterized using several techniques, and the responsive behaviors under temperature and pH variations were reflected by changes in turbidity and particle size. The results demonstrated that CMC/POM nanogels exhibited significant changes in particle size and turbidity around 38 °C and under different pH conditions. Additionally, the unique microstructure of CMC/POM nanogels made them promising for drug delivery through injection therapy. With doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug, the nanogels could achieve a maximum drug loading content of 31.47% and drug loading efficiency of 62.93%. During in vitro controlled drug releasing, the release efficiency was up to 92.20% within 24 h at T = 45 °C and pH = 3.0. The cytotoxicity assays confirmed that CMC/POM nanogels possessed superior biocompatibility and drug-loaded CMC/POM nanogels effectively inhibited the activity of cancer cells. CMC/POM nanogels displayed remarkable potential as intelligent drug delivery systems, and they were expected to play an essential role in the field of anticancer therapies. Graphical
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Fangrui Yu,Na Li,Lianmei Chen,Yuying Zhang,Xueru Sheng,Bing Wang,Jian Zhang,Qingwei Ping,Hongbin Li
In this paper, an effective strategy to improve the stability and recovery convenience of immobilized laccase by preparing magnetic particles from cheap filter paper fibers was studied, that is, MC@Fe3O4 microparticles were prepared by simple cellulose regeneration and carboxyl group functionalization, and then immobilized laccase under mild conditions. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the enzyme concentration, pH value and contact time affecting the immobilization yield. The results showed that the concentration of laccase and pH value had important effects on the immobilization yield. The thermal stability, pH stability and storage stability of immobilized laccase were higher than those of free enzyme. Most importantly, the immobilized laccase had a good degradation capacity for bisphenol A (BPA), with a degradation rate of 75.65 % in the first cycle, and the BPA removal rate remained above 35 % even after 8 consecutive reuses. This study developed a new magnetic cellulose material to immobilize laccase, and the immobilized laccase had great potential in BPA wastewater treatment.
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Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Chunmei Yang,Siman Zhou,Bo Guan,Xiaoyu Feng,Xu Tang,Jipeng Ge,Chengwen Sun,Mengjiao Shi,Wen Qu
The application of new functional materials such as graphene in the field of wearable devices has become a new trend in the future development of intelligent electronic products. In response to the insufficient flexibility of graphene based electrothermal films, this article uses Tempo-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) rich in carboxylic acid groups to improve them. In order to prepare this graphene-CNF composite electrothermal film, ultrasonic technology was used to mix graphene with CNF, and then the film was extracted from the mixed suspension by vacuum filtration method. On this basis, further comparison and analysis of the electrothermal and mechanical properties of the film with different graphene contents are conducted. The research results indicate that the addition of CNF to the film establishes a strong interfacial bond, effectively improving the flexibility of the film. In addition, the composite electrothermal film containing 50 wt% graphene can be heated to 37 °C with only 3 V and can maintain long-term stability. The graphene-CNF composite electrothermal film prepared in this study does not require a substrate, meeting the dual requirements of flexibility and maintaining comfortable body temperature, which demonstrates a broad application prospect.
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Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 10.1
Jinjing Huang,Xia Liu,Kaixing Fu,Shengyun Yang,Shiqing Zhou,Jinming Luo
The valorization of Chinese medicine residues (CMRs) into high-value-added products, such as microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), has garnered significant interest in the current post-pandemic era, particularly in regions where Chinese medicine (CM) is widely utilized (i.e., Southeast Asia). In this study, we propose a facile and economical protocol for selectively extracting MCC from CMRs via one-step direct peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation without the need for intricate steps. Importantly, our proposed protocol has been verified to be versatile and can be applied to various solid waste sources rich in cellulose, with an average extraction rate of 75%. Analysis using the Fukui index revealed that the β-O-4 bond, the aromatic ring in lignin, specific O sites in hemicellulose, and the amorphous region of cellulose are more susceptible to electrophilic attack by PMS than to reactions involving HO • , SO 4 •− , or 1 O 2 . Leveraging this distinct mechanism, the extracted MCC demonstrated ultrahigh purity (∼95%) and crystallinity (∼85.36%). Overall, our work involves transforming solid waste into high-value products through the provision of a technical solution, with the potential for onsite application. This represents a significant advancement to the valorization of CMRs, particularly in providing theoretical guidance for accelerating the recycling of waste materials.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Tonghui Xu,Yuanlong Guo,Lihua Zhang,Yumei Chen,Yunqi Li,Tianlong He,Songmiao Liang,Lijie Hu,Haibo Xie
The facile preparation of sustainable sulfur-containing polymer functional materials has been obtained great attention due to their chemical reactivity and metal complexing ability. In this study, taking the solution properties advantages of the newly developed cellulose solvent system of DBU/DMSO/CO 2 , thiol and disulfide bond functionalized cellulose ester (TDSCE) was facilely prepared via in-situ tandem transesterification and oxidation reaction by using methyl 3-mercaptopropionate, without adding any external catalyst. The synthetic protocol was featured by that the DBU not only acted as reagent for the dissolution of cellulose, but also catalysts for the transesterification of cellulose with methyl 3-mercaptopropionate to yield cellulose 3-mercaptopropionate (Cell-MP) with maximum degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.77, and an oxidant for the partial oxidation of Cell-MP to produce a cellulose methyl 3,3′-disulfanediyldipropionate (Cell-MDSP) with maximum DS of 0.36 mixed ester, respectively. With successful introduction of thiol and disulfide bond into the cellulose backbone, the TDSCEs indicated desirable selective absorption of Au 3+ from mimic heavy mental ions waste water due to the sulfur-Au chemistry with maximal adsorption capacity for Au 3+ of 415.2 mg/g. The subsequent reduction of Au 3+ into gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) fabricated a robust TDSCE-2@Au NPs composite catalyst with high catalytic activity for the hydrogenation treatment of water pollutes, such as 4-nitrophenol (4-NP)and azo dyes.
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POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Miaojia Ye,Qian Hu,Xiaoyue Huang,Yiwen Wang,Wanchao Wu,Xinzhe Zhang,Chonggang Wu,Chuanqun Hu
Renewable biomass resources, including castor oil and cellulose, present promising avenues for sustainable polymer synthesis. This study involved the fabrication of a novel waterborne polyurethane utilizing cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) as a Pickering emulsion stabilizer and castor oil as a bio-derived polyol. Two different CNFs assessed the function of CNFs in stabilizing castor-oil-derived waterborne polyurethane emulsions by the ratio, their concentration and the emulsion storage duration. Dynamic light scattering and rheological assessments established that CNFs significantly enhanced emulsion stability by forming a semi-flexible network, which impeded droplet coalescence. Moreover, the incorporation of CNFs improved the mechanical performance of castor-oil-derived waterborne polyurethane films. Specifically, the addition of 1 wt% of the longer CNF resulted in an increase in the tensile strength and Young's modulus to 21.2 MPa and 91.0 MPa, respectively, signifying improvements of 103.0% and 256.6% over the CNF-free control. This investigation underscores the synergistic potential of biomass-derived nanomaterials in the design of high-performance, environmentally friendly polymers. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Yu He,Zhenyu Zhang,Haosen Ma,Yan Zhou,Xinxin Tian,Dekun Sheng,Xiangdong Liu,Yuming Yang
Passive cooling is a cooling technology that does not require external energy input, with most passive cooling strategies having high manufacturing difficulty and cost. In this study, we prepared lightweight aerogels (0.093 g/cm 3 ) with high porosity (91.3%), directional pores, enhanced elastic recovery performance, and lower thermal conductivity (0.046 W/mK) through simple mixing, directional freezing, and freeze-drying. The prepared samples have a reflectance of 87% in the ultraviolet—visible—near-infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) range (0.2–2.5 μm) and an emissivity of 93.6% in the atmospheric transparency window. After covering the box with axial and transverse aerogel samples, the temperature inside the box relative to the uncovered sample box decreased by 12.9 and 13.4°C, respectively. This work provides a feasible method for the research of simply prepared passive cooling materials.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 12.5
Hongtian Yan,Haonan Gu,Shizhou Lu,Fanjun Meng,Qinglin Ma,Xiang Xing,Shihui Pan,Yuju Che
Conductive hydrogels based on hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) show great potential in flexible sensors due to their low price and good biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the design of such conductive hydrogels with superior flexible deformability, anti-fracture toughness, notch-insensitiveness, electromechanical performance, antibacterial and self-heal capabilities remains challenging. Herein a multifunctional conductive hydrogel was developed by a simple micellar polymerization of acrylamide (AM) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA) in the presence of HPMC, tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs) and silver coated MXene nanosheets. The hydrogels are quite soft and deformable (low modulus of 10.04 kPa, high stretchability of 4520 %), but show excellent anti-fracture toughness (6.128 MJ/m 3 ) and tear resistance. Importantly, the hydrogels exhibit exceptional biocompatibility, self-healing, adhesive, photothermal antibacterial capabilities and conductivity, which serve as strain sensors (gauge factor: 7.57), pressure sensors (pressure sensitivity: 2.96 kPa −1 ), and temperature sensors (temperature coefficient of resistance: −2.47 %/ o C). The hydrogel sensor possesses prominent sensitivity and cyclic stability to accurately monitor human motion, writing trajectories, and temperature change during the photothermal therapy in real time. Moreover, a hydrogel-based flexible handwriting keyboard was also fabricated to establish a handwriting recognition intelligent system for deep machine learning. This study provides a potential avenue for multifunctional conductive hydrogels toward environmentally friendly flexible sensors.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 12.5
Xingran Kou,Yuxin Yang,Qinyu Lu,Qinfei Ke,Yunchong Zhang
Non-spherical microcapsules have recently attracted significant research attention due to their remarkable advantages, including a high specific surface area, improved adhesion efficiency, enhanced targeted delivery capability, and distinctive hydrodynamic behavior. However, effective strategies for precisely controlling microcapsule morphology remain limited. Herein, we developed an interfacial assembly strategy to fabricate ellipsoidal microcapsules by orchestrating the co-assembly of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and NH₂-PDMS-NH₂ at the oil-water interface using tannic acid (TA). The spherical morphology of emulsion droplets, quantified by roundness values ranging from 0 to 1.5, could be precisely controlled by modulating both the shear rate and processing time during emulsion formation. TA was found to participate and accelerate interfacial assembly, enhance the storage modulus and viscosity of emulsions, and enhance the thickness of interfacial films by interfacial tension, rheology, and atomic force microscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed that NH₂-PDMS-NH₂ assembles at the interface with CNC and TA via electrostatic interactions. Additionally, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed superior adhesion properties of ellipsoidal microcapsules compared to their spherical counterparts. This work establishes a novel strategy for fabricating morphology-controlled microcapsules, offering a promising pathway for industrial-scale production and broad applications of non-spherical microcapsules.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Rui Tian,Chaoyuan Zheng,Xingxiang Ji,Srinivas Janaswamy,Guihua Yang,Gaojin Lyu
Degradable regenerated cellulose (RC) composite films have prospects to replace plastic packaging. However, limitations such as lack of functionality, poor mechanical properties, inherent color, and the absence of antibacterial activity restrict their practical application. Herein, butyric anhydride esterified alkali lignin (BAL) encapsulated curcumin micro-nanoparticles were synthesized to develop high-antibacterial composite films. Uniform dispersion of the B-CMPs within the cellulose matrix is critical for enhancing the film's properties. Furthermore, the esterified lignin contributes to the photodynamic bactericidal properties of curcumin by reducing the light absorption of lignin's native chromophoric groups. Results suggest that in the presence of B-CMPs, the RC composite film exhibits a high visible light transmittance of 80.4 % and a tensile strength of 68 MPa. Under blue light excitation, an inhibition rate of 91 % and 92 % against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , respectively, was obtained. In addition, the composite films exhibited improved barrier properties with water vapor permeability of 1.12 × 10 −12 g·cm·cm −2 ·s −1 ·Pa −1 and enhanced hydrophobicity (contact angle 82.3° vs. 46.2° for pure RC). These findings demonstrate that reducing reactive groups in lignin via esterification significantly enhances the functional integration of curcumin, yielding composite films with a superior balance of properties. This work offers novel insights into the high-value utilization of lignin toward developing packaging films to meet the growing demand for sustainable packaging materials.
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