FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Cheng Hou,Zheng Shen,Zhangyin Yu,Kun Wang,Detong Wu,Cao He,Yuanbo Song,Xuefei Zhou,Yalei Zhang
Microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of microalgae and polyethylene is a promising approach for sustainable bio-oil production. However, the limited understanding of the heavy components in co-pyrolysis bio-oil significantly restricts its upgrading. In this work, the characteristics and formation mechanisms of heavy components in bio-oil derived from microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis of microalgae and polyethylene were investigated at the molecular level using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The results indicated that co-pyrolysis with polyethylene made the heavy components lighter and more saturated. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the content of CHO and CHOS components, which were enhanced by up to 5.00 and 6.65 times compared to the microalgae bio-oil. N 2−3 compounds accounted for 60.47 % in the microalgae bio-oil, while over 58.63 % of the heavy components in the co-pyrolysis bio-oils were nitrogen-free. Moreover, most of the heavy components in the co-pyrolysis bio-oils contained two or more oxygen atoms. The interactions between lipids and polyethylene resulted in the production of fatty acids and long-chain esters, which were the predominant O 2 species and served as precursors for O 3 and O 4 species. The O 5 species consisted of thiopyranosides generated from the reaction of glycosides derived from carbohydrates and sulfur-containing compounds provided by proteins. Additionally, amino acids contributed to the formation of cyclic N 2 O 3 species through fusion. The proposed mechanisms were verified through thermodynamic calculations and monomer experiments. These findings can guide the high-value and eco-friendly utilization of microalgae, as well as other nitrogen-rich biomass and polyethylene.
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Wenlong Gao,Jinpeng Wei,Yuyu Wang,Yulong Ma,Fei Pan,Feng Lin,Wenxin Ji,Yuanyuan Li,Yonggang Sun
In response to the key challenges such as the complexity of deoxidation pathways and the low selectivity of aromatics commonly encountered in lignin catalytic conversion, this study proposes an innovative nickel-based spinel-modified multi-dimensional pore molecular sieve composite catalyst. By precisely regulating the cross-scale pore topology and enhancing the synergy between active components and the support, the catalyst integrates three functionalities-efficient deoxidation, directional aromatization, and coking inhibition. Experimental results demonstrate that NiAl 2 O 4 @MCM-41(7:1), which features a two-dimensional hexagonal straight pore structure, achieves a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) selectivity of 54.46%, attributed to its unique confined diffusion characteristics. This performance significantly surpasses that of NiAl 2 O 4 @SBA-15 with a two-dimensional through-pore structure and NiAl 2 O 4 @KIT-6 with a three-dimensional cubic pore structure. When the mass ratio of NiAl 2 O 4 to MCM-41 was optimized to 3:1 (NiAl 2 O 4 @MCM-41(3:1)), the spatial matching effect of the interfacial active sites was maximized, further increasing the selectivity of MAHs to 63.04%. In-situ infrared dynamic analysis reveals a spatiotemporal cascade catalytic mechanism: lignin macromolecules are first cleaved into oxygen-containing intermediates at the NiAl 2 O 4 sites outside the pores, followed by directional demethoxylation and dehydroxylation reactions within the confined pores of the molecular sieve. Besides, the stability of the catalyst was systematically evaluated. This process enables in-situ removal of coke precursors and efficient regulation of aromatic hydrocarbon formation pathways. This strategy offers a novel paradigm for the dynamic synergy of multiple active sites in biomass catalytic transformation.
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DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xu Chen,Zhengyao Zhu,Yurou Wang,Xuan Tao,Xiaolei Shi,Xujie Zhao,Zijun Pan,Wei Chen,Zhen Fang
In this study, a method of simultaneous activation and ammoniation during cellulose and lignin fast pyrolysis was proposed. The influence of the cellulose-to-lignin mass ratio on the properties of the porous N-doped biochar was investigated. Results showed that with the increasing ratio of lignin, both the yield and N content of the porous N-doped biochar increased, reaching a maximum value of 37 % and 10.43 wt%, respectively. However, the specific surface area (S BET ) and total pore volume (V total ) showed a decreasing trend, with the highest values being 1492.31 m²/g and 0.632 cm³ /g. This could be due to the polymer chains of cellulose, which are connected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, undergoing hydrogen bond dissociation, glycosidic bond scission, and deoxygenation reactions under the action of KOH and NH₃. This results in the formation of numerous small molecular intermediates that undergo dehydration, condensation, and other reactions, leading to the generation of a large number of volatile products. In contrast, Lignin forms a cross-linked carbon skeleton that retains active sites for efficient ammoniation while suppressing volatile release from cellulose derivatives, thereby inhibiting pore development. Meanwhile, the interaction between cellulose and lignin exhibits a competitive effect on volatile release, where lignin suppresses cellulose-derived volatile formation, thereby reducing bio-oil yield, while promoting dehydrogenation reactions that enhance H₂ generation in the gas phase. What’s more, the yields of quaternary-N and pyridinic-N-oxide showed no significant correlation with the cellulose-to-lignin mass ratio. This confirms that the two components undergo independent reaction mechanisms, providing critical mechanistic insights into the simultaneous pyrolysis-activation-ammoniation of biomass.
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DOI
高影响因子
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2023
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IF 4.4
Yuexia Zhang,Xiaopeng Fan,Xuansen Sun,Xintong Yang,Zhongping Li,Zhenhua Yang,Chuan Dong
The overuse of doxycycline poses a risk for ecological environment. Advanced materials such as anti-counterfeiting and photovoltaic materials are urgently needed to develop innovative strategies for exploiting solar cells and protecting valuable products. Herein, oil-soluble CDs (o-CDs) were successfully fabricated from citric acid, tris-base and oleylamine as precursors via pyrolysis method. The o-CDs with uniform size distribution exhibited a high quantum yield of 0.48 and excellent photostability. The fluorescence of o-CDs was rapidly quenched by doxycycline at room temperature without further modification. Optimal conditions were selected to construct a fluorescence probe with high selectivity and good sensitivity to detect doxycycline. Interestingly, the probe achieved two linear ranges of 0.85––16.7 µM and 16.7––33.4 µM with a low detection limit of 0.26 µM. Furthermore, inner filter effect (IFE) was dominated in the process in which doxycycline interact with the oxygen-containing groups of o-CDs. This sensing platform has been further successfully applied to the detection of doxycycline in milk with recovery rates of 96.8%- 102.7% and relative standard deviations of 0.98%- 1.02%, suggesting that the novel probe has the potential to be applied in real samples. Moreover, o-CDs directly serve as fluorescence ink and work as fluorescence film using PVA as matrix because of strong fluorescence in the solid state, indicating that they have potential applications in anti-counterfeiting and photovoltaic materials. This is the first report that oil-soluble CDs via pyrolysis is applied in the detection of doxycycline in milk. Importantly, this work provides efficient strategies for the construction of anti-counterfeiting and photovoltaic materials.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2021
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IF 9.709
Zhenzhong Hu,Xian Li,Yiming Sun,Omar Donovan Dacres,Yuxian Wang,Hongyun Hu,Huan Liu,Guangqian Luo,Hong Yao
A novel treatment denoted as the “Thermal-dissolution based carbon enrichment (TDCE)” was proposed in our previous work to effectively deoxygenate and de-ash biomass under mild conditions. The main reactions during this process occurred in a highly-dispersed and inert medium, thus its mechanism was unclear. In this study, cellulose was chosen as the model compound to investigate the underlying reaction mechanisms of TDCE process. It was confirmed that three distinct stages were involved in this process, which were physical dissolution stage, intramolecular deoxygenation and rearrangement stage, and stabilization stage. The deoxygenation attributed to the intramolecular dehydration at around 300 °C and the formations of CO 2 and CO through subsequent aromatization in liquid phase at around 350 °C. Around 67% and 19% of oxygen were removed by these two pathways, respectively. About 80% of carbon remained in the solid products in all conditions. A two-step process was verified for the aromatic substance formation: furan structure formation at the beginning and the subsequent conversion to benzene ring. Especially, unlike large molecular bio-char formation in conventional pyrolysis, small molecular aromatics were formed in TDCE process. Undoubtedly, the highly-dispersed and inert medium contributed to these intramolecular reactions and suppressed the intermolecular reactions, although it wasn’t involved in the chemical reactions. Hence, the unique reaction mechanism of biomass in a highly-dispersed medium was specified, providing theoretical guidance to the practical application of TDCE method.
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Fawei Lin,Li Xiang,Bingyan Sun,Jiantao Li,Beibei Yan,Xiaopeng He,Gang Liu,Guanyi Chen
Oily sludge (OS) is recognized as the hazardous waste and presence of Cl containing compounds causes severe potential environmental risks. This paper systematically analyzed the distribution of Cl-containing pollutants (CPs) in oil and gas that are ignored previously but have high toxicity. Three model additives, NaCl, PVC, and DCB, were selected to represent inorganic chlorine salt, organic polymers, and Cl-hydrocarbons, respectively. NaCl could retain 99 % of total Cl in the solid residue while PVC released more proportional Cl into gas, ca. 33%. A variety of organic CPs were detected in pyrolytic oil and gas with CH 2 Cl 2 and C 6 H 4 Cl 2 dominant. The synergy between OS and PVC strengthened with more PVC addition, which promoted carbonization and polymerization to generate more carbon matrix in solid residue. Pyrolysis effectively prevented formation of PCDFs compared with combustion thus exhibiting superiority on inhibiting formation of dioxins. Future work should devote to solve the environmental risks from CPs in pyrolytic products with the strategies including stabilization of Cl in solid residue and cracking of Cl-macromolecules into HCl.
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2015
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IF 7.435
Jian Li,Yanqing Yu,Xiangyu Li,Wei Wang,Gang Yu,Shubo Deng,Jun Huang,Bin Wang,Yujue Wang
A series of gallium-containing MFI zeolites were prepared via impregnation of conventional aluminosilicate ZSM-5 with Ga (Ga/ZSM-5) or hydrothermal synthesis of galloaluminosilicate (Ga–Al–Si) and gallosilicate (Ga–Si) MFI zeolites. These Ga-containing zeolites were then tested as the catalysts for co-feed catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of pine wood and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mixtures. Compared with conventional ZSM-5 zeolites, the Ga-containing MFI zeolites considerably increased the yields of valuable petrochemicals (monoaromatic hydrocarbons and olefins) and decreased the yields of undesired polyaromatic hydrocarbons and low-value alkanes from the co-feed CFP. In addition, Ga–Al–Si and Ga–Si zeolites generally produced both higher yields and selectivities for valuable petrochemicals (e.g., p -xylene and olefins) than Ga/ZSM-5 in the co-feed CFP. The results indicate that Ga-containing zeolites may be used to improve petrochemical production in co-feed CFP of biomass and plastics, and direct hydrothermal synthesis of Ga–Al–Si and Ga–Si MFI zeolites may provide a more convenient and better alternative to post modification of ZSM-5 with Ga to prepare Ga-containing zeolites for co-feed CFP.
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DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2019
·
IF 3.021
Shasha Liu,Yishuang Wu,Jie Zhang,Wenran Gao,Jianbin Zhou,Yong Huang,Shu Zhang,Hong Zhang
To further understand the secondary reactions during biomass pyrolysis, this study employs the pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry detection technique to investigate interactions between volatiles and char at 400 °C using benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) and different graphitized carbon nanotubes (GCNT, CNT–COOH, CNT–OH, and CNT–NH2) as model compounds, separately. The results show the BPE conversion increases from 0.1% (blank run), to 49.2% (with GCNT), to 55.1% (with CNT–COOH), to 61.3% (with CNT–OH), and to 70.2% (with CNT–NH2), caused by π–π stacking of aromatic rings between BPE and carbon nanotubes as well as hydrogen-bond formation between BPE and heteroatoms in functional groups. Such kinds of interactions significantly promote the cleavage of Cα–O to mainly form phenol and toluene. In the case of CNT–NH2, the breakage of Caryl–O is also facilitated by the synergistic effect of hydrogen-bond and aromatic–hydrogen interactions.
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Longlong Zhu,Xue Yuan,Suowei Zhang,Meitong Lu,Yongzheng Shi,Zhe Chen
Hard carbon (HC) is a promising anode for sodium‑ion batteries (SIBs), yet achieving high performance via low‑temperature synthesis remains challenging. Here, HC nanosheets with localized graphitization are fabricated through single‑atom‑Fe‑catalyzed pyrolysis at 750 ℃. Atomic‑scale dispersion of Fe in an Fe–O–P coordination environment is confirmed by high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and synchrotron X‑ray absorption spectroscopy. The Fe single atoms induce short‑range graphitization, creating extra active sites for reversible sodium-ion storage. Accordingly, the Fe-HC anode delivers 141 mAh g −1 at 5 A g −1 , maintains 209.6 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 400 cycles, and retains high reversibility at − 10 ℃. Detailed electrochemical and structural analyses further elucidate the sodium-ion storage mechanism.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Shaoya Li,Yanmei Zhou,Jin Wang,Mengmeng Dou,Qingyun Zhang,Kaili Huo,Chao Han,Jinyang Shi
The disposal and resource utilization of sewage sludge (SS) have always been significant challenges for environmental protection. This study employed straightforward pyrolysis to prepare iron-containing sludge biochar (SBC) used as a catalyst and to recover bio-oil used as fuel energy. The results indicated that SBC-700 could effectively activate persulfate (PS) to remove 97.2% of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) within 60 min. Benefiting from the appropriate iron content, oxygen-containing functional groups and defective structures provide abundant active sites. Meanwhile, SBC-700 exhibits good stability and reusability in cyclic tests and can be easily recovered by magnetic separation. The role of non-radicals is emphasized in the SBC-700/PS system, and in particular, single linear oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) is proposed to be the dominant reactive oxygen. The bio-oil, a byproduct of pyrolysis, exhibits a higher heating value (HHV) of about 30 MJ/kg, with H/C and O/C ratios comparable to those of biodiesel. The energy recovery rate of the SS pyrolysis system was calculated at 80.5% with a lower input cost. In conclusion, this investigation offers a low-energy consumption and sustainable strategy for the resource utilization of SS while simultaneously degrading contaminants.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2025
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IF 6.2
Ruotong Cui,Wenlong Xu,Yanpeng Zhang,Chengbiao Wang,Wenshuo Ma,Jingxian Wang,Yingyun Qiao,Yuanyu Tian
The molecular transformation mechanism during the pyrolysis of coal is a core scientific issue in the fields of energy science and materials. Achieving this research goal is highly challenging due to the complexity of coal's composition. Herein, dibenzyl ether was utilized as a representative model compound to simulate the oxygen-containing functional groups present in coal, enabling the prediction of C-O bond cleavage patterns during pyrolysis through comprehensive analysis of the resultant decomposition products. 9, 10-Dihydroanthracene was introduced as a medium for radical trapping and detection, elucidating the reaction mechanism of oxygen-centered radicals. Subsequently, density functional theory (DFT)-based computational simulations were performed to model and validate the radical-mediated pathways occurring during thermal decomposition. Furthermore, experiments on the pyrolysis of raw coal confirmed the general applicability of the proposed radical-mediated C-O bond cleavage mechanism. This research not only systematically reveals the in-depth mechanism of C-O bond pyrolysis in coal but also provides critical theoretical support for the development of clean and efficient coal utilization technologies.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Liang Liu,Xiaoshuang Zhou,Wei Wang,Kewei Zhang,Xiankai Li,Long Chen,Yanhui Li
Cubic vanadium nitride (VN) holds substantial promise as an anode material for supercapacitors, owing to its high conductivity, theoretical capacity, and a wide negative voltage window. However, the tendency of VN to agglomerate, coupled with poor cycling stability from irreversible volume expansion during charge-discharge cycles, hinders its application in asymmetric supercapacitors. In this work, we reported a one-pot molten salt pyrolysis method to prepare VN/nitrogen doped porous carbon (VN/NPC) materials. The nitrogen-doped carbon material with 3D hierarchical porous structure not only facilitates ion diffusion and charge transport, but also serve as a matrix to in-situ synthesis VN nanoparticles to improve the cycling performance. The VN/NPC exhibits a specific capacitance of 272.3 F/g at 2 mV/s, and 268 F/g at 0.5 A/g. In addition, the VN/NPC demonstrates an excellent cycling stability with only 7 % capacity decay after 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, the all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) constructed using VN/NPC as anode and NiCo-layered double hydroxides (NiCo-LDH) as cathode deliver remarkable energy densities of 61.1 and 22.9 Wh/kg at power densities of 700.4 and 7496.6 W/kg, respectively. In addition, this ASCs exhibits excellent cycling stability with 83 % capacity retention after 10,000 cycles. This work provides a green and facile method to prepare anode materials with high capacitance and excellent cycle performance for high energy density ASCs devices.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）