JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 139
·期 47
·e53204
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IF 3.057
Xue Zhang,Fuzhi Li,Mingqiao Liu,Chenyu Zhu,Xuan Zhao
The separation efficiency of mono−/divalent cations by a commercial nanofiltration membrane can be enhanced by increasing the surface positive charge. In this study, a novel surface grafting method was suggested, including activation with 2-chloro-1-methyliodopyridine (CMPI), and sequent graft polyethylene-imine (PEI) and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (EPTAC). Less flux reduction (<30%) and higher separation factor of Mg 2+ /Na + (8.03–9.77) was achieved with the modified membrane under the grafting condition of 0.05 wt% CMPI, 2 wt% PEI, and 1 wt% EPTAC. The modified membranes had higher surface positive charge, hydrophilicity and cross-linking degree. During the 32-h filtration of a mixed salt solution, the modified membranes showed larger permeance (>11 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 ) and higher ion selectivity than the pristine membrane, with separation factors of Mg 2+ /Na + and Mg 2+ /Li + ranging 36.3–46.2 for the modified membranes. The modified membranes also have higher antifouling properties and are more stable at higher pH condition. The results demonstrate a facile and scalable surface modification method to improve the cation selectivity of commercial NF membranes, which shows great potential in the application of mono−/divalent ion separation.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 47
·e53193
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IF 3.057
Xiuzhou Lin,Qiang Peng,Song Duan,Chunjiang Zhang,Xulei Chen,Zhiqiang Deng,Baojie Dou,Yingjun Zhang,Xiulei Gao,Zhiwen Fang
In this study, ZIF-8 modified fluorinated graphene composite (FG@ZIF-8) was innovatively prepared and used as a novel functional filler to improve the anticorrosion performance of epoxy coating on Q235 carbon steel. The morphology and structure of FG@ZIF-8 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray powder diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) tests. The results showed that the structure and morphology of the composites largely depended on the composition ratio of FG and ZIF-8. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of FG@ZIF-8 modified coatings were also investigated. The unique two-dimensional sheet structure and insulation of FG in the FG@ZIF-8 filler can not only inhibit the penetration of corrosive media but also discourage electron migration effectively on the interface of coating/matrix during the electrochemical reaction. Meanwhile, the chemical cross-linking between the amine groups in ZIF-8 and the epoxy group increases the degree of densification of the coatings. Besides, the 2-methylimidazole from the dissolution of ZIF-8 on FG@ZIF-8 will also inhibit the corrosion reaction. These advantages endow the FG@ZIF-8 modified epoxy coatings an excellent long-term corrosion resistance. Our findings may inspire the development of new graphene-based materials with superior protective properties for metallic materials.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 48
·e53224
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IF 3.057
Lv Xiaojing,Jinwei Wang,Yong Guo
Phosphorus containing liquid epoxidate polybutadiene (P-LEPB) is synthesized and used as the additive to improve the flame retardancy and toughness of epoxy resin (EP). The structure of P-LEPB is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). With the addition of P-LEPB, EP composites show earlier degradation; and P-LEPB plays flame retardancy functions as reflected by the increase of limiting oxygen index (LOI) and its promotion of carbonization as seen from the char scanning electron microscopy images after LOI tests. The addition of P-LEPB improves the water proof performance of EP composites, playing positive effect on resisting water spreading on the surface and immersing in the EP composites as supported by the water absorption rates and contact angle measurements. The elongation at break increases with addition of P-LEPB and reaches nearly three times higher than the neat epoxy at P-LEPB addition of 10%, the toughening effect of P-LEPB is attributed to the diverting function by the P-LEPB microspheres upon stress loading, which is related to the size and distribution of P-LEPB additions as seen from their cross-sectional images of the composites.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 46
·e53151
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IF 3.057
Riyao Cong,Xiangning He,Shuangliang Zhao,Wei Gao,Hong Li,Shaojun Liang,Ming Liu,Jianhui Zhang
Carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex (XSBL), attributed to its insufficient adhesion and poor water resistance, cannot be widely popularized in the adhesive industry. Herein, a novel XSBL-based resin with high-strength yet water-resistant was reported, in which the butadiene macromolecular chains were grafted with acrylonitrile (AN) and acrylic acid-2 hydroxyethyl ester (HEA) molecules, the crosslinking sites were esterified and expanded to construct a branched network structure, and the matrix was filled with nano-SiO 2 particles treated by blending silane coupling agents. We show that the new resin, having a dual curing mechanism at low and high temperatures, can be glued under different conditions. At room temperature, the sample group with a doping level of 1.33 wt% could achieve an overload shear strength of 3.17 MPa after curing, which is 233.7% higher than the XSBL; in the high temperature curing regime, the glue strength reached 1.21 MPa, much higher than the standard for the use of GB Class I plywood (≥0.7 MPa). The physicochemical properties meet the requirements for potential industrialization, for which the property–structure relation has been extensively explored. Further DSC and TG tests provide evidence for their wide application in the hot pressing process of man-made plywood.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 140
·期 4
·e53351
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IF 3.057
Jun Li,Miaomiao Zhang,Gaolei Ni,Hao-Yang Mi,BinBin Dong,Chuntai Liu,Changyu Shen
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising energy harvester to overcome the energy depletion issue. The surface structure has been considered as an effective way to enhance the triboelectric performance. Herein, a dynamic supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) foaming method, which introduced a scCO 2 flow field during scCO 2 saturation, was proposed to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) foams with surface wrinkly structures. The size of the surface wrinkles could be regulated in the range of 1.8–10 μm by varying the foaming pressure. The surface wrinkled TPU film with wrinkle wave length of 2.4 μm demonstrated an excellent enhancement in output voltage (130%), current (180%), and maximum transfer charge (130%) when paired with surface structured polydimethylsiloxane film in a TENG. Due to the excellent durability and flexibility of the composing materials, the developed TENG showed outstanding stability in long-term continuous operation. With a high power density of 0.5 W/m 2 achieved on a 10 7 Ω external load, the flexible TENG could be used to charge capacitors, power light-emitting-diodes, and served as a self-powered sensor to detect various human movement behaviors. This work provides a new path for the fabrication of surface wrinkled films for the sustainable development of high performance TENGs.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 140
·期 3
·e53318
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IF 3.057
Aoqi Li,Yingqing Ye,Peixin Gong,Bo Xiao,Bo Jiang
Compared with traditional conjugates 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) is an emerging biological coupling reagent and has been used in the amidation of hyaluronic acid. In this paper, DMTMM was used to achieve the amidation of chitosan (CS) with glucuronic acid (GA) in an aqueous medium to generate a GA-CS derivative. The grafting efficacy was preliminarily compared with the EDC/NHS-mediated reaction. As a result, the substitution degree of 17.6% for DMTMM-mediated grafting and 13.1% for EDC/NHS chemistry indicated that DMTMM-mediated synthesis of GA-CS appeared to be more efficient. The reaction kinetics experiments showed that GA-CS derivative with a degree of substitution up to about 26.1% was obtained using equal molar ratios of DMTMM and GA exceeding CS at room temperature. These results indicate that employing DMTMM as a coupling agent is a feasible and promising strategy for the amidation modification of chitosan.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 140
·期 4
·e53363
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IF 3.057
Mali Xie,Kexin Peng,Yangyang Luo,Qi Zhang,Linjun Shao,Shaofeng Zhong,Shujing Zhou,Jinjing Li,Chenze Qi
Pd/C embedded polystyrene fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning. The polystyrene molecules were then cross-linked by paraformaldehyde in sulfuric acid to improve the solvent resistance of composite fibers. SEM images conformed the preparation of uniform and smooth composite fibers. FT-IR spectra demonstrated that the polystyrene molecules inside fibers have been sulphonated and crosslinked. Heck reactions were used to evaluate the catalytic performance of these novel composite fibers. The catalysis results show that this composite fiber mat catalyzed Heck reactions could be evidently promoted by using preferred reducing alcohol agent and solvent. Under the optimized reaction conditions, this composite fiber mat could effectively catalyze the Heck reactions of aromatic iodides with n-butyl acrylate to afford the products with satisfied yields. Especially, compared with the particulate Pd/C catalyst, the separation and recycling of this fibrous catalyst from the reaction mixture were significantly improved due to the larger fibrous structure. At last, this fiber catalyst was successfully reused for eight times with little loss of initial catalytic activity, which was even better than the pristine Pd/C catalyst. Hence, embedment of particulate supported metal catalysts inside the crosslinked polystyrene fibers can effectively improve their catalytic performance and handiness.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 140
·期 1
·e53267
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IF 3.057
Zhi-Gang Yuan,Zhao-Hui Shu,Liang Qi,Wan-An Cai,Wen-Bin Liu,Jun Wang,Mehdi Derradji,Yan-hui Wang
In this study, 4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) was exploited as hardener for diglycidyl ether of daidzein (DGED) and epoxy resin mixture (E-D). The composites were produced by blending with different contents of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and expandable graphite (EG) into E-D resin, named E-D/A-E composites. Firstly, E-D/A-E blends were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and DSC to evaluate their curing behavior. The TGA was performed on the E-D/A-E composites to analyze their thermal stability, and the thermal properties of the composites were enhanced by adding APP-EG (A-E) flame retardants. The mechanical properties and the fractured surfaces of the E-D/A-E composites were studied by tensile, impact tests and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, through torch burning test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL-94) and micro-calorimetry tests, the influence of A-E flame retardants contents on flammability of composites were evaluated. The results showed that the UL-94 V-0 rating was obtained for the E-D/A-E composites and the composites exhibited a self-extinguishing phenomenon. When A-E flame retardants content reached 9.1 wt%, the LOI value reached 34.5%, and total heat release (Total HR) was reduced by 20.2% compared with E-D/A-E 1.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 139
·期 46
·e53170
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IF 3.057
Yinhan Xu,Jun Wang,Zhu Luo,Jianjun Li,Bai Xue,Xingjiang Chen,Xiaolong Li,Le Yang,Changkai Linghu,Yao Tao
The recycling of petroleum-based polymers such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) is an effective means of reducing environmental pollution. However, the incompatible PP and PE blended waste is difficult to separate accurately, which reduces the quality of the recycled material. In this paper, the trifunctional acrylate monomer (trimethylolpropane triacrylate), peroxide (2,5-dimethyl-92,5-di[tert-butylperoxy] hexane) and free radical activity modifier (zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate) were applied to in situ generate the copolymer of isotactic polypropylene and high-density polyethylene (iPP-co-HDPE) with a long-chain co-branched structure via a melt blending method. The co-crystallization of the branched copolymer chain segments with the chemical identical homopolymers vastly improved the compatibility of iPP and HDPE components. This in situ co-branching compatibility strategy resulted in a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of PE and PP mixed wastes. The temperature gradient extraction method was used to separate the co-branching modified iPP/HDPE blends. The results confirm that the separated iPP-co-HDPE components have a highly co-branched structure. The significant improvement in compatibility resulted in a large increase in elongation at break and impact strength of the iPP/HDPE blends, which provides an economic and effective method for the recycling of mixed PE and PP wastes.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 45
·e53122
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IF 3.057
Xuedong Lv,Faliang Luo,Liuchun Zheng,Ruixue Niu,Yi Liu,Qiqi Xie,DanQing Song,YunChuan Zhang,Tianbo Zhou,Shifan Zhu
Biobased co-polyesters poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene furandicarboxylate) (PBSF) is prepared by transesterification and polycondensation of dimethyl succinate (DSMu), dimethyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate (MDFD) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BDO). GPC analysis shows that PBSF has high molecular weight with weight average molecular weight ( M w ) up to 11 × 10 4 g/mol. Due to the low -COOH content, PBSF also has excellent thermal stability, which is beneficial to the polyester processing. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis shows that PBSF are semi-crystalline materials, with T m ranging from 116 to 101°C. Tensile tests showed that theses polymers possess high tensile strength (30–22 MPa) and elongation at break as high as 562%, which is prominently higher than that of commercial poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and most biodegradable packaging materials. It should be noted that the increase of BF units improves the UV shielding properties of polyester materials. Moreover, the incorporation of furan ring promoted the enzymatic degradation of PBS, and PBSF showed a significantly faster biodegradation rate when the BF unit content is 5%. PBSF polyester has excellent thermal properties, tensile properties, UV shielding properties and biodegradable properties. Therefore, these new bio-based polymers have great potential to be applied as environmentally friendly and sustainable plastic packaging.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 139
·期 45
·e53109
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IF 3.057
Zheming Zhang,Pingping Jiang,Phyu Thin Wai,Xinxin Gao,Shan Feng,Minjia Lu,Pingbo Zhang,Yan Leng,Qingkui Song,Yong Zhao
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the most widely applied plastics in the world, with inherent mechanical brittleness and inflexibility in room temperature. With the growing concern for health and safety, especially in some fields (children's toys, food packaging, medical supplies) that require high-safety plastics, there is an urgent need to develop phthalate-free high-performance green PVC products. Herein, by blending novel green oligomeric lactate plasticizers 1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol oligomeric lactate-levulinate (CDOL-L) and 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol oligomeric lactate-levulinic acid ketal ester (CDOL-LKE), highly stretchable and highly stable PVC-based plastics were prepared successfully. CDOL-L and CDOL-LKE were synthesized by a green route of esterification and ketalization using biomass as the main raw material, and their structures were jointly confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR and TOF-MS. Through performance testing, CDOL-L or CDOL-LKE plasticized PVC material were determined to have triple high stability (thermal, mechanical and migration stability) superior to DOP, DOTP and ATBC plasticized PVC. The PVC plasticized by CDOL-L exhibited break at elongation as high as 833.0% at 50 phr addition and 877.1% at 60 phr addition. Moreover, PVC plasticized by 50 phr CDOL-LKE exhibited relatively better thermal stability ( T i ,CDOL-LKE = 271.4°C) for the special ketal structure on the plasticizer. In conclusion, CDOL-L and CDOL-LKE showed potential to substitute traditional plasticizers and pointed a new direction for the preparation of high-performance PVC-based plastics.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 140
·期 3
·e53340
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IF 3.057
Bozhen Wu,Renrong Liu,Yuhao Yang,Honghao Zhu,Yujing Yu,Jiang Huang,Yulin Li
In the face of electromagnetic pollution issues caused by the advancement of communication technology, it is of great significance to develop materials with high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capability as well as high absorption efficiency. The nickel-coated silicon carbide whiskers (Ni@SiCw)/graphene nanosheets (GNP)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) EMI shielding composites with the asymmetric structure are constructed by simple solution mixing and multiple hot pressing. Specifically, the Ni@SiCw in the top layer is prepared by simple electroless plating, and the saturation magnetization intensity reaches 12.50 emu/g. The combination of dielectric and magnetic losses provides reliable electromagnetic wave absorption performance with a reflection coefficient less than 0.35. GNP is selectively enriched in the bottom layer with a maximum conductivity of 85.43 S/m. The composite shows an EMI shielding performance of 36.83 dB when the GNP content is just 4 wt%, which means 99.98% of microwaves can be shielded. Furthermore, due to the distinct structure, the composites display various shielding mechanisms when electromagnetic waves are incident from different faces. Without a doubt, this asymmetric structure offers a novel approach to the preparation of directional EMI shielding materials.
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高影响因子
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