Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures
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2026
·Vol. 21
·期 1
·
IF 1.2
Rong Zhou,Jian Ding
A magnetic biochar–nanoscale zero-valent iron (MBC-nZVI) composite was synthesized from pine bark via an in-situ liquid-phase reduction method to immobilize arsenic in mining-impacted soils. The optimized MBC-40 exhibited uniformly dispersed Fe(0)@Fe3O4 nanoparticles (50–80 nm) anchored on a graphitic biochar scaffold, combining a high surface area (180.9 m2 g-1) with strong magnetization (32.5 emu g-1). Batch experiments revealed outstanding performance, achieving 98.5% As(V) and 96.5% As(III) removal under neutral conditions, with equilibrium reached within 120 min. Adsorption kinetics were well described by the pseudo-second-order model (R2 >0.998) and equilibrium data were consistent with the Langmuir model, yielding maximum capacities of 65.4 mg g-1 for As(V) and 82.1 mg g-1 for As(III). Based on the observed pH dependence, zeta-potential/point of zero charge (PZC) context, and competitive anion effects, the arsenic immobilization behaviour is consistent with contributions from electrostatic interactions (particularly for anionic As(V) under pH < PZC) and specific interactions with iron (hydr)oxide surfaces. Potential redox involvement of Fe(0) is discussed as mechanistically plausible for nZVI-based systems, but arsenic/iron speciation was not directly measured in this study. The composite maintained >81% efficiency after five regeneration cycles and displayed excellent selectivity in the presence of competing anions, with minimal interference from sulfate and chloride but moderate competition from phosphate. When tested in simulated mining wastewater containing 5.0 mg L-1 total arsenic and high levels of Pb2+, Cd2+, and SO42-, the MBC-40 achieved 97.0% arsenic removal, >99.9% Pb2+ elimination, and 95.6% Cd2+ reduction. The rapid magnetic separation from treated water within 30 s enables simple recovery of the sorbent using an external permanent (neodymium) magnet, without requiring electrically powered separation equipment. These findings demonstrate that the MBC-nZVI composite mitigates key practical limitations of bare nZVI (aggregation/passivation and post-treatment recovery) by integrating a biochar scaffold with a magnetically recoverable Fe(0)@Fe3O4 architecture. Consistent with prior reports of nZVI/biochar (BC)-type systems, the present work contributes an application-focused validation primarily: performance is quantified across Fe-loading levels and confirmed in a mining-relevant mixed-ion/multi-metal matrix (high sulfate and co-occurring Pb2+/Cd2+), together with reusability supported by permanent-magnet separation.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2022
·
IF 8.943
Cheng Peng,Kailin Gong,Qiannan Li,Weiyu Liang,Huihui Song,Fang Liu,Jie Yang,Wei Zhang
Magnesium-aluminum modified biochar (MABs) has an outstanding effect on the simultaneous immobilization of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in soil, but the stability of remediation effect of MAB under various natural conditions is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of organic acids, dry-wet cycles (DW), freeze-thaw cycles (FT), and rainfall (pH 4, 7, and 8) on the immobilization of As, Pb, and Cd by MAB. The results showed that oxalic acid decreased the immobilization efficiencies of As, Pb, and Cd by 15.5%–38.5%; meanwhile, humic acid reduced the immobilization efficiency of Pb by 89.7%, but elevated that of Cd by 19.5%. The immobilization mechanisms of MAB-5 on three metals were mainly involved in ion exchange and surface-complexation. Compared with the 7th round, the immobilization efficiencies of As, Pb, and Cd by MAB in the 28th round was decreased by 17%–28% in DW, but was increased by 11%–18% in FT. In addition, MAB was transformed into hydrotalcite after FT and DW. After experiencing simulated rainfall, MAB caused more As, Pb, and Cd to be retained in the upper soil layer, and the immobilization effect of MBA was more significant under the stimulated rainfall with higher pH. The study provides a more theoretical basis for the application of MAB in the actual site remediation.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2022
·
IF 10.723
Ying Tang,Penghui Wang,Hui Zeng,Zebao Rui
Fabrication of highly-efficient enzymatic supports having excellent affinity to enzymes and superior mass transfer properties is highly desirable for enzymatic bio-catalysis. Herein, newly engineered chitosan macrospheres having interconnected and interlaced network pores are prepared via dual pore-forming strategy and applied as novel host for the effective immobilization of alkaline protease. The synergetic effect of SiO 2 templates and gas-induced pore-forming agents play an important role in inhibiting the over-crosslinking of chitosan chains and promoting the elevation of interior porosity. Benefited from the highly exposed surface and abundant available binding sites, the as-developed porous support P 2 CSM achieves a maximum loading capacity of 43.8 ± 0.8 mg/g and ultra-high activity recovery of 92.4 % for alkaline protease. P 2 CSM is competent to effectively stabilize the structural conformation of alkaline protease from inactivation through the flexible covalent interaction. Considering these attributes, Protease@P 2 CSM demonstrates remarkably better structural stability, reusability and SDS-resistance than free alkaline protease, as well as excellent proteolytic ability, and the residual activity of Protease@P 2 CSM is evaluated as high as 70.3 % after 7 consecutive reuses. This work provides a promising avenue to construct highly-active enzyme-composites for widespread utilization in various practical applications.
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TALANTA
·
2022
·
IF 6.556
Qidong Yu,Yaping Wu,Wenmin Zhang,Wende Ma,Juan Wang,Hui Chen,Qingqing Ding,Lan Zhang
Rapid and convenient preparation of covalent organic framework (COF) coated fibers is of great significance to solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technology. In this work, a novel chemical preparation strategy was established for rapid fabrication of β -ketoenamine-linked COF coatings, in which clay-like starting materials of COFs were first wrapped on the fiber surface through self-viscosity and further fixed on the fiber in an oven via chemical bonding. Based on this strategy, four different COF (TpTph, TpPa-1, TpBD and TpTpb) coated fibers was fabricated within 1 h, which is very rapid compared to the recently reported research. Moreover, the strategy also demonstrates the good general applicability for COF fiber preparation. Subsequently, the TpTph coated fiber was used to develop a new SPME method for gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) of trace phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in environmental water. The developed analytical method compared to the previous SPME methods for PAEs based on other sorbents possesses low limits of detection (LODs, 0.02–0.08 ng L −1 ), and better or comparable precision (RSD ≤9.4%, n = 6), and relatively short extraction time. Furthermore, the trace PAEs (0.27–11.62 ng L −1 ) in the real water samples were successfully detected with recoveries of 82.2–117.5%. The above results indicates that the proposed fiber preparation strategy is reliable and opens a potential avenue for rapid and facile fabrication of COF coated fibers.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.642
Xiao-Man Fan,Jia-Jia Shen,Yuan-Yuan Xu,Jian Gao,Ye-Wang Zhang
A method for specific immobilization of whole-cell with covalent bonds was developed through a click reaction between alkyne and azide groups. In this approach, magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -NH 2 -alkyne was synthesized with Fe 3 O 4 core preparation, SiO 2 coating, and alkyne functionalization on the surface. The azides were successfully integrated onto the cell surface of the recombinant E. coli harboring glycerol dehydrogenase, which was employed as the model cell. The highest immobilization yield of 83% and activity recovery of 94% were obtained under the conditions of 0.67 mg mg −1 cell-support ratio, pH 6.0, temperature 45 °C, and 20 mM Cu 2+ concentration. The immobilized cell showed good reusability, which remained over 50% of initial activity after 10 cycles of utilization. Its activity was 9.7-fold higher than that of the free cell at the condition of pH 8.0 and each optimal temperature. Furthermore, the immobilized cell showed significantly higher activity, operational stability, and reusability.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2020
·
IF 7.632
Teng Sun,Zhe Dong,Jing Wang,Feng-Hong Huang,Ming-Ming Zheng
Lipase immobilization processes have the potential to drive large-scale industrial applications through cost savings. Among them, the Pickering emulsion system has recently emerged as an ecofriendly technique for enhanced enzymatic activity. In this study, a novel and facile immobilization of lipase in an ultrasound-assisted Pickering emulsion system was developed. The lipase loading amount and yield was 177.3 mg/g and 41.3%, respectively. In the enzymatic synthesis of four sterol lipoates, the immobilized lipase (UIP-HMSS@CRL) achieved the highest catalytic efficiency (CE) of 6.4 mmol/g·h among the reported methods, which was 9.1-fold higher than that of free lipase and 32.0-fold higher than that of previous methods. UIP-HMSS@CRL performed with much higher Vm and lower Km, indicating the excellent catalytic rate and stronger affinity. Moreover, UIP-HMSS@CRL displayed satisfying thermal stability and recyclability, retaining 88.6% of enzyme activity after 10 cycles. The lipase lid was opened at the oil–water interface by both ultrasound and interfacial synergistic activation effect, which provided easier access to an active site and thus achieved excellent catalytic performance. This ultrasound-assisted interface immobilization would open new opportunities for preparation of high-performance and sustainable biocatalysts.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Wei Huang,Shuai Pan,You Li,Lulu Yu,Ruijiang Liu
In this work, magnetic Fe 2 O 3 /Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites were prepared via a novel rapid combustion process. The silica was precipitated on the surface of Fe 2 O 3 /Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites. The silica-coated magnetic nanocomposites were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde, on which cellulase was covalently immobilized. The morphology, composition, and property of the prepared nanomaterials were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), the X-ray diffraction (XRD), the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The immobilization conditions were optimized by varying operating parameters and determined to be 0.05 mL of 0.5% cellulase solution for 2 h. The catalytic stabilities of the immobilized cellulase were evaluated. The results showed that the immobilized cellulases performed higher apparent activity at pH 4.5 and exhibited good thermal stability compared with their free counterparts. The Michaelis-Menten equation showed that K m and V max of free cellulase were 3.46 mol·L −1 and 0.53 mol·min −1 , respectively. The immobilized cellulase had higher K m and V max (18.99 mol·L −1 and 0.59 mol·min −1 ). The retained activity of the immobilized cellulase maintained over 71% of the initial activity after being used for five cycles.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 36
·8467-8475
·
IF 5.344
Hao Shen,Xuelian Zheng,Zixin Zhou,Wenting He,Mengqi Li,Ping Su,Jiayi Song,Yi Yang
Various organelles (e.g., mitochondria and chloroplasts) have a multicompartment structure, providing superior function of material transformation, selective segregation and energy conversion. Enlightened by the elegant evolution of nature, intended isolation of the biochemical process by cooperative multicompartments in cells has become an appealing blueprint to construct bioreactors. In this study, we develop a “soft separation” way to establish a delicate multicompartment multienzyme system (MMS) with polyphenol-encapsulated enzyme–DNA conjugates, which are anchored on magnetic Janus particles, providing a biomimetic catalysis network with the model cascade reactions in confinement. The well-designed MMS exhibits preferable bioactivity benefitting from the dependable DNA bridges and the oriented immobilization of enzymes, while the polyphenol shell further protects the anchored enzymes from exterior attacks, such as heat and enzymatic degradation. Moreover, by applying the MMS as nanomotors, the asymmetrical distribution of enzymes on Janus particles is found to improve mutual elevation between the self-driven locomotion and enzyme-mediated reactions, delivering enhanced dispersal ability and bioactivity. Owing to the excellent enzymatic activity, promoted stability and satisfying biocompatibility, the assembled MMS is proved to be promising for the in vitro and intracellular sensing of glucose, showing significant potential for biochemical analysis applications.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2020
·
IF 6.793
Zhiyan Huang,Lu Jiang,Pingxiao Wu,Zhi Dang,Nengwu Zhu,Zehua Liu,Hanjin Luo
For further understanding leaching characteristics of heavy metals in tailings and better immobilization on heavy metals against acid rain, batch experiments were conducted. The leaching results of Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) can be well fit by second-order kinetics equation , and Pb(II) can be well fit by two-constant equation. The leaching intensity of heavy metals in tailings was ranged as: Mn(II)> Cu(II)> Cd(II)> Zn(II)> Pb(II). Triethylenetetramine functioned montmorillonite (TETA-Mt) was successfully synthesized and can obtain simultaneous immobilization effect compared with Mt and TETA, and immobilization rates on Cu(II), Cd(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) can reach above 90%, the immobilization rate on Pb(II) can reach more than 75%. The mechanisms for efficient immobilization of heavy metals on TETA-Mt included buffering and adsorption abilities. The mechanism for TETA-Mt adsorption of heavy metals included physical absorption, chelation and chemical sedimentation. The results showed that TETA-Mt can be applied to effective immobilization of heavy metals in tailings and efficient remediation of acid mine drainage (AMD) in acid rain area.
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ENGINEERING IN LIFE SCIENCES
·
2019
·Vol. 19
·期 11
·815-824
·
IF 1.936
Xin Li,Dawei Li,Pengfei Lv,Jinyan Hu,Quan Feng,Qufu Wei
In this study, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was used as the monomers for surface grafting on electrospun PU/RC nanofiber membrane via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method, and the PU/RC-poly(HEMA) nanofiber membrane was investigated as a carrier for LAC. Free and immobilized LAC was characterized, and efficiency of bisphenol A (BPA) removal was determined. The results indicated that the PU/RC-poly(HEMA)-LAC showed relatively higher pH stability, temperature stability, and storage stability than free and PU/RC-LAC; moreover, more than 60% of the PU/RC-poly(HEMA)-LAC activity was retained after 10 cycles of ABTS treatment. Notably, the BPA removal efficiency of PU/RC-poly(HEMA)-LAC membrane generally ranged from 87.3 to 75.4% for the five cycles. Therefore, the PU/RC-poly(HEMA) nanofiber membrane has great potential as a carrier for the LAC immobilization for various industrial applications and bioremediation.
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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2019
·
IF 4.865
Yasir Hamid,Lin Tang,Bilal Hussain,Muhammad Usman,Muhammad Laeeq ur Rehman Hashmi,Muhammad Bilal Khan,Xiaoe Yang,Zhenli He
The present study evaluated the efficiency of pre-selected composite amendments (CA-1: biochar-lime-sepiolite-zeolite and CA-2: manure-lime-sepiolite) for immobilization and sorption of Cd and Pb in field and batch sorption experiments. The field experiment was performed in a co-contaminated clay purple soil (stagnic anthrosols). Along with a control experiment (T1), CA-1 and CA-2 were tested at different rates including 750, 1500, 3000 and 6000 kg ha −1 by growing wheat as the test crop. The obtained results revealed that the highest dose of both composites (T5: 6000 kg ha −1 and T9: 6000 kg ha −1 ) increased the soil pH to 6.85 and 6.81, respectively as compared to the control (5.63). DTPA-extractable Cd and Pb contents decreased with composite treatments (T7 and T4) at harvest stage samples. Metal fractionation depicted that application of amendments decreased the exchangeable fraction at harvesting stage. Application of CA-2 and CA-1 (3000 kg ha −1 ) significantly increased the plant biomass (by 28% and 24%, respectively) and grain yield (by 26% and 22%, respectively) of wheat. Furthermore, batch sorption experiment results revealed that Langmuir adsorption model better fitted the sorption results with R 2 values ranging between 0.99 and 0.91 for Cd and Pb, respectively. CA-1 and CA-2 exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity for Cd with no significant difference among treatments but Pb adsorption capacity was highest in CA-1 followed by CA-2 and control. The results of our experiments revealed that the application of organics combined with inorganic materials enhanced Cd and Pb immobilization and sorption, consequently reducing metals availability in laboratory and field conditions. Moreover, for field trials, application of the composite amendments at 3000 kg ha −1 emerged as the suitable treatment for tested wheat-grown area.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Ze Yang,Songding Guo,Zhenglai Huan,Yongbing Zhu,Tingting Zhang,Shangyi Li
In this study, we dexterously constructed a unique in situ interface oxidation–adsorption dual-reaction platform through the self-excitation of ferrate (Fe(VI))/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for phenylarsonic acid (PAA) and inorganic As(V) removal. When the molar ratio of Fe(VI)/PMS was 1:2, 80% degradation of PAA could be achieved within 180 min and the apparent constant value of the reaction rate ( k obs ) would reach up to 0.185 min −1 . 1 O 2 and Fe(IV) were the main active species for degradation of PAA in Fe(VI)/PMS reaction system. In addition, we explored the possible degradation intermediates and pathway of PAA. In situ Fe(III) oxides generated from Fe(VI) decomposition could adsorb arsenic pollutants through ligand exchange with inorganic As(V) through surface hydroxyl groups to form Fe-O-As bonds. The effect of coexisting anions on the removal performance of the system was investigated, and the results showed that the presence of PO 4 3− and CO 3 2− promoted the oxidative degradation of PAA owing to the activation of PMS by PO 4 3− and CO 3 2− , but Cl − can inhibit the PAA degradation through a free radical scavenging mechanism. PO 4 3− and SiO 3 2− affected the adsorption and removal of the released inorganic As(V) due to their competitive adsorption of in situ Fe(III) oxides. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated an obvious electron transfer (1.83 e) between the in situ Fe(III) oxides and inorganic As(V) with a high adsorption energy of −10.30 eV. These results indicate that the combination of Fe(VI) and PMS can effectively control the total arsenic (total-As) in water bodies.
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