Polymers
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2020
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·378
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IF 3.426
Qilin Zhang,Haichao Li,Zongwei Guo,Feng Xu
A simple and economical biorefinery method, organosolv methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) pretreatment assisted by Lewis acid ferric trichloride hydrolysis, was proposed for fractionating the lignin from extractive-freeEucalyptuspowder at the nanoscale, accompanied by another product furfural, derived from hemicellulose. Under the conditions (180 °C, 1 h) optimized based on the best yield of furfural, 40.13% of the acid-insoluble lignin (AIL) could be obtained with a high purity of 100%, a low molecular weight of 767 (Mn) and improved thermostability. The extracted lignin was characterized by its chemical structure, thermostability, homogeneity, molecular weight, and morphology as compared with milled wood lignin (MWL). The results showed significant variations in chemical structures of the extracted lignin during the pretreatment. Specifically, the aryl ether linkage and phenylcoumarans were broken severely while the resinols were more resistant. The G-type lignin was more sensitive to degradation than the S-type, and after the pretreatment, H-type lignin was formed, indicating the occurrence of a demethoxylation reaction at high temperature. Moreover, the lignin nano-particles were identified visually by AFM and TEM images. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed that the average diameter of the measured samples was 131.8 nm, with the polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.149. The MIBK-lignin nano-particles prepared in our laboratory exhibit high potentials in producing high functional and valuable materials for the application in wide fields.Keywords:lignin nano-particles;organosolv pretreatment;Eucalyptuswood;biomass;biorefinery
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FUEL
·
2020
·
IF 5.578
Yi Meng,Tanglong Liu,Shanshan Yu,Yi Cheng,Jie Lu,Haisong Wang
A lignin-based carbon aerogel enhanced by graphene oxide (LCAGO) is fabricated. As the strong reaction between amine groups from lignin derivates and carboxylic groups from GO and acrylic acid (AA), the compactness and the cross-linkage of the gel are much higher than the samples without lignin derivate and GO. The lignin derivates are used as cross-linkers and GO contributes to reach to superhydrophobicity with a low annealing temperature and improves the mechanical performance after annealing. The carbon aerogel achieves a water contact angle of 150° at 350 °C for 2 h, achieving the energy-saving purpose. The synergistic effect of superhydrophobicity and good mechanical property acquired by lignin derivate and GO ensures the carbon aerogel appropriate for oil/water separation and light oil, heavy oil and emulsified oil are separated respectively by the gel. The oil adsorption ratio is about 32–34 g/g and shows a moderate performance, which is compared with the reported biomass-based materials. The results indicate the material is a highly effective and practicable water-cleaning material. The preparation process is energy-saving and is a pathway for separation and collection oil from water with industry waste.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
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IF 6.953
Xiaoqi Wang,Mo Qiu,Yiwei Tang,Jirui Yang,Feng Shen,Xinhua Qi,Yingliang Yu
Sulfonated lignin-derived ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC-SO 3 H) solid acid was synthesized through solvent evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) method followed by sulfonation , using lignin as carbon precursor and glyoxal as cross-linking agent during the preparation process. The as-synthesized OMC-SO 3 H exhibited a typical 2D hexagonal meso-structure (space group p6mm ) and showed a good catalytic performance for the catalytic conversion of hemicellulose-derived xylose to furfural. A highest furfural yield of 76.7% with 100% xylose conversion was achieved at 200 °C for 45 min in γ-valerolactone (GVL)-water (85:15 v /v%) mixture. The lignin-derived OMC-SO 3 H solid acid catalyst showed superior stability and reusability, and was also applicable to the catalytic production of furfural from xylan . This work provides a promising strategy for the synthesis of ordered mesoporous carbon solid acid from green and sustainable lignin biomass resource, which has wide range of applications in the utilization of cellulose and hemicellulose .
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2021
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IF 5.645
Ming Li,Yunxiu Jia,Xin Shen,Tao Shen,Zhuotao Tan,Wei Zhuang,Gulin Zhao,Chenjie Zhu,Hanjie Ying
This study prepared ternary composites PBAT/thermoplastic starch (TPS)/lignin containing 20, 30 and 40 wt% of TPS/lignin fillers via thermal compounding, and found that lignin imposes compatibilization effect on PBAT and TPS. Thermal analysis shows that the incorporation of lignin results in higher thermal stability, reduced crystallization temperatures, broader crystallization exotherms and increased T g due to the rigid aromatic structure of lignin. Tensile tests exhibit that strain at break and tensile strength reaches a maximum at loading 10 wt% of lignin. The reinforcement of lignin is reflected as the enhanced elastic modulus, Shore-D hardness, and more prominent yielding behavior of the composites. Rheological and microscope measurements show that the incorporation of lignin leads to higher approximation to theoretical Han curve, and reduced TPS particle size in the composites, indicating that lignin improves the interfacial compatibility between the PBAT and TPS phases. Contact angle and water absorption results demonstrate that lignin improves the hydrophobicity and water repelling ability of the composites, which are favorable for products with prolonged mechanical properties and shelf life.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·7175-7184
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IF 4.987
Yang Chunyan,Zhang Liu,Zhu Yingming,Liu Yingying,Liu Changjun,Wu Kejing,Lu Houfang,Liang Bin
In this study, ordered mesoporous carbon materials are prepared to support β-Mo 2 C catalysts for conversion of Kraft lignin into aromatic monomers. Carbon supports with different porous structures are compared to discuss the critical role of ordered mesopores. The results show a volcano evolution of aromatic monomer yields with the increase in Mo contents over β-Mo 2 C supported on ordered mesoporous carbon, and a high aromatic yield of 0.576 g/g Kraft lignin is achieved at 280 °C for 3 h for only 10% Mo mass content. Dispersion of β-Mo 2 C and confinement of ordered mesopores contribute to the highest aromatic yield per unit Mo. The highly dispersed β-Mo 2 C on the surface of ordered mesoporous carbon exhibits the advances of confined environment and accessibility of lignin fragments to active β-Mo 2 C, resulting high activity of β-Mo 2 C for Kraft lignin decomposition.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
·
IF 6.953
Mengtian Yu,Dongpo He,Yuhang Zhang,Dahao He,Xing Wang,Jinghui Zhou
Acanthopanax senticosus has been used to extract active products. However, abundant Acanthopanax senticosus residues (ASR), which contain plenty of lignin are discarded after extraction. An appropriate extraction method should be chosen to obtain the lignin with such desirable properties. Thus, this study investigated the effect of alkali, milled wood, deep eutectic solvent and ethanol methods on the lignin. Lignin obtained from different extraction methods were characterized, yields, chemical structure, thermal behavior, molecular weight and phenolic content were evaluated. The results show that the process of lignin acquisition has a great influence on the properties of lignin. Moreover, the multifarious functional groups exist in lignin macromolecules , such as phenolic, ether groups and other chromophores, conferred good UV resistance to lignin. Among them, the lignin from alkali method has the most phenolic-OH groups and smallest molecular weight result in a good UV-resistant, the SPF value achieves 2.39 at 1% AL content, the alkali method was the best way to make sunscreen blended with cream take various factors into consideration. This study used lignin as a bioactive ingredient to provide UV-resistant property to sunscreen formulations. Furthermore, lignin extracted from Acanthopanax senticosus residue provides a new application for the treatment of herb residue waste.
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Royal Society Open Science
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 1
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IF 2.515
Yujie Chen,Lili Zhang,Juan Yu,Yingzhao Lu,Bo Jiang,Yimin Fan,Zhiguo Wang
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have potential applications in biomass conversion and green chemicals due to their cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly properties. This study reports on a feasible method of using DESs for lignin selective extraction from poplar wood meal. DESs obtained from various hydrogen-bond donors and acceptors were used to evaluate the dissolving capacity of lignin from poplar wood meal. Among the various DESs, lactic acid: choline chloride (9 : 1) exhibits the optimal extraction capacity, which is capable of selectively dissolving 95% of lignin from poplar wood meal at 120°C for 6 h. The purity of isolated lignin reaches 98% after regeneration in water. From Fourier Transform-IR, nitrobenzene oxidation and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, the results demonstrate that the DESs can selectively cleave ether linkages and damage the non-condensation section of lignin, thereby facilitating lignin dissolution from wood meal. Thus, this study provides a promising route for the extraction of high-purity lignin from biomass materials.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
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2019
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IF 3.973
Man Li,Xingxing Jiang,Dan Wang,Zeyu Xu,Minghui Yang
Although antibiotics have been widely used, the problem of bacterial infection in the medical field still faces many challenges. In this study, we designed a new lignin based antimicrobial hydrogel for antimicrobial application. First, we grafted the amino group onto sodium lignin sulfonate through Mannich reaction to obtain lignin amine (LA), which can cross-link with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to form hydrogel. Then, silver nitrate solution is added to the formed gel pre-solution to be in situ reduced to silver nanoparticles. The enhanced effect of antibacterial properties due to lignin and silver nanoparticles endows the hydrogel enhanced antibacterial properties. The modification of sodium lignosulfonate and the crosslinking reaction between LA and PVA are confirmed by FTIR, while the content of nitrogen in LA is characterized by XPS. The SEM image of the hydrogel after lyophilization illustrates its internal porous network structure. The rheological test of hydrogel demonstrates its good strength and elasticity. The hydrogel exhibits good antibacterial properties in in vitro antibacterial experiments towards both S. aureus and E. coli , while toxicity tests using L929 cells demonstrated good biocompatibility of the hydrogel.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2019
·
IF 3.375
Kejing Wu,Junbo Wang,Yingming Zhu,Xueting Wang,Chunyan Yang,Yingying Liu,Changjun Liu,Houfang Lu,Bin Liang,Yongdan Li
The β-Mo2C on different carbon supports was prepared conveniently via direct H2 reduction or self-reduction for catalytic conversion of Kraft lignin into aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic alcohols, and aromatic aldehydes. The β-Mo2C on macroporous carbon (MC) with large pore size exhibits the highest activity with aromatic yield of 0.543 g/g Kraft lignin at 280 °C for 3 h, resulting from the accessibility of lignin fragments to β-Mo2C. Mo, MoO2, and MoO3 possess relatively low activity. Higher calcination temperature is required to obtain β-Mo2C over graphite (Gr) support than MC and activated carbon (AC), and small grain size of Gr-supported catalysts is beneficial for high activity. The β-Mo2C on AC exhibits the highest selectivity to aromatic hydrocarbons, which are attributed to highly dispersed β-Mo2C in micropores.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2019
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IF 3.42
Yong Qian,Yijie Zhou,Lan Li,Weifeng Liu,Dongjie Yang,Xueqing Qiu
Aromatic skeleton and polyhydroxyl structure endow biomass lignin with excellent dispersibility, reactivity, and UV-blocking property. Herein, spherical microcapsules loaded with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as core materials were prepared via interfacial polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion, using sodium lignosulfonate (NaLS) as an emulsifier. Small amount of polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) was added to reinforce the shells of the capsules. The results show that the capsules were 43.4–118.3 μm with a shell thickness of 1.9–2.5 μm. The core fraction was approximately 72.6 wt% and the functional groups of IPDI, such as cyanates, were well preserved. The NaLS-based microcapsules were subsequently mixed and reacted with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and amine component successively to form new polyurea. When the new polyurea was coated on a steel substrate, it exhibited excellent self-healing property after being scratched. The healed polyurea presents nearly the same anticorrosion ability as the unscratched coating in a solution with high salt concentration. Moreover, the addition of NaLS-based capsules could effectively slow down the aging process of polyurea coatings. The color change of the self-healing polyurea leveled off after 200 h of UV irradiation, while retaining 40% of the breaking strength and 50% of elongation at break. Comparatively, the color of pure polyurea deepened continuously and the mechanical property disappeared completely.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2019
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IF 3.131
Shuo Lu,Dongjie Yang,Miao Wang,Mengzhen Yan,Yong Qian,Dafeng Zheng,Xueqing Qiu
The pH-responsive O/W Pickering emulsions were stabilized by amphoteric lignin (AML) absorbed with SiO 2 nanoparticles via electrostatic interaction. AML was gained by quaternary ammonium modification of alkali lignin, and its structure was characterized by 1 H NMR. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies and Zeta potential measurements were performed to investigate the interaction between AML and SiO 2 . The formed AML@SiO 2 compounds were utilized to prepare Pickering emulsions. The influences of AML concentration and pH on emulsions were studied by rheological measurements and Turbiscan Lab Expert stability index system. The pH-responsive mechanism of Pickering emulsions was investigated by Zeta potential, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation, atomic force microscopy and three-phase contact angle. The results indicated that at the pH range of 3-4, AML was absorbed on SiO 2 to realize the in-situ hydrophobization of SiO 2 , forming stable Pickering emulsions. When pH was above 4, only a little amount of AML was absorbed on SiO 2 due to the strong electrostatic repulsion between them, resulting in unstable emulsions. The emulsions could be cycled at least 5 times between emulsification and demulsification as well as exhibited excellent salt tolerance.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2019
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IF 8.355
Fangbao Fu,Dongjie Yang,Wenli Zhang,Huan Wang,Xueqing Qiu
Two-dimensional porous carbon materials are very promising for energy storage/conversion due to their unique microstructure, reasonable pore structure and excellent electrochemical properties. A green and facile in-situ carbonization technique is innovated to prepare a unique porous lignin-derived carbon quasi-nanosheets (PLC) with rational pore distribution, large surface area, and excellent conductivity. The lignosulfonate/zinc oxalate composite was firstly self-assembled by hydrophobic bond of the amphiphilic structure in lignosulfonate using ethanol/water solvent without the need to use any toxic material, followed by co-pyrolysis at a high temperature with gas-exfoliation and in-situ templating of zinc oxalate. The resulting PLC exhibits a very high specific capacitance of 320 F/g at 1.0 A/g and long cycling stability (remains 93.5% after 10,000 cycles at 5.0 A/g). In addition, when assembling into symmetric supercapacitors in PVA/KOH gel electrolytes, PLC also shows a high specific capacitance of 274 F/g at 0.5 A/g with excellent rate capability and a high specific energy density (9.75 W h/kg at 6157.9 W/kg). These excellent electrochemical performances indicate that the as-prepared PLC should hold great promise for the energy storage devices, opening a new path for the preparation of advanced carbon electrode material and high-value-added utilization of biomass.
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