Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Yueling Lai,Meiling Liu,Qianqian Song,Hao Chen,Kanghui Zheng,Xin Yang,Zhongshan Li,Ruilin Wang,Yufeng Zhou
Colloidal semiconductor magic-sized clusters (MSCs) with precise atomic compositions and unique optical properties, which are observed as intermediate species in the synthesis of quantum dots (QDs) have been widely explored. To deeply understand transformation pathways of MSCs and control their composition/stability are essential to form large-scale high quality QDs with mono-dispersity and enhanced optical properties. However, the transformation pathway of ionic compound semiconductor MSCs with weak bond binding energy have rarely been investigated. In this work, taking ionic CsPbBr 3 MSCs as a representative model system, we here report both thermally-induced direct (Pathway 3) and precursor compounds (PCs) assisted (Pathway 1) transformation between binary PbBr 2 MSCs (absorption centered at ∼390 nm) and ternary CsPbBr 3 MSCs (absorption centered at ∼415 nm) at sub-ambient temperature, which have been first illustrated in ionic perovskite MSCs systems. Moreover, when increasing reaction temperature to 80°C, MSC-415 dissociate into monomers/fragments (Pathway 2) to form larger sized nanocrystals (NCs). In addition, the compositions and structures of MSCs have been experimentally and theoretically studied. This work contributes to fundamental understandings of transformation mechanism of perovskite MSCs/NCs systems, which is beneficial to synthesize size- and composition-controlled colloidal semiconductor QDs and NCs with tailored optical properties.
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Ling Ou,Qian Du,Jiayang Liu,Haiyan Tai,Yinghan Chai,Xiaoqiong Tan,Bing Li,Lirong Tan,Ying Cao,Tingting Zhu
Introduction The liver, as the central metabolic hub of the body, is highly susceptible to diet-induced injury. The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) highlights the urgent need for effective clinical interventions. Currently, there are no specific therapeutics for MASLD, and dietary patterns are closely associated with its pathogenesis, making the exploration of natural bioactive compounds a promising strategy. Methods In this study, we identified acetylshikonin (AS), a component derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as a core bioactive agent targeting MASLD via a cross-screening strategy of MASLD-related TCM formulas. Male mouse models of MASLD were induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and treated with AS (600 mg/kg, gavage) for six consecutive weeks. In vitro experiments were conducted on Hepa1-6 and HCCLM3 hepatocytes stimulated with palmitic acid/oleic acid (PA/OA, 1:2). Integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking, and thermal shift assays were applied to explore the underlying mechanism. Results In vivo results showed that AS markedly attenuated hepatic steatosis (assessed by triglyceride and total cholesterol levels) and liver fibrosis (evaluated by collagen deposition). In vitro, AS suppressed intracellular lipid accumulation (validated by Oil Red O staining and lipid quantification) and inflammatory responses (assessed by pro-inflammatory cytokine expression) in the stimulated hepatocytes. Mechanistically, AS downregulated the transcriptional expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism (Pparγ and Srebp1c), inflammation (Tnfα and Ccl2), and fibrosis (Col1a1 and Acta2) pathways. Integrated analyses confirmed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) as the core direct target of AS. Western blotting demonstrated that AS reduced PPARγ protein expression, and its lipid-lowering effect was synergistically enhanced when combined with the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. Discussion This is the first study to definitively confirm that AS exerts therapeutic effects on diet-induced MASLD by targeting the PPARγ signaling pathway, thereby reducing hepatic lipid deposition, alleviating inflammation, and ameliorating liver fibrosis progression. Our findings provide novel experimental evidence supporting the use of natural products in MASLD treatment and lay a theoretical foundation for the application of AS in the health management of diet-related liver diseases.
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Small Methods
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Tianchang He,Wenhua Zheng,Lina Zhu,Xiaoyan Fang,Chunjie Miao,Xinyang Shi,Lemei Zhao,Shuai Jiang
Coating nanoparticles with cell membranes has emerged as a powerful strategy for developing biomimetic nanocarriers that replicate essential cellular features such as immune evasion, prolonged circulation, and site-selective distribution. Despite substantial efforts to optimize ligand presentation on cell membranes, achieving efficient, uniform, and scalable membrane coating remains challenging. Moreover, precise quantification of coating degree, particularly at the single-particle level to reveal inter-particle heterogeneity, has been lacking. Here, we establish S ingle- P article A nalysis of CE ll M embr AN e ( SPACEMAN ), a quantitative platform that enables accurate evaluation of coating integrity and heterogeneity with single-nanoparticle resolution. Using SPACEMAN, we demonstrate that a nano-vesiculation strategy based on ultrasonication achieves a significantly higher overall coating rate (82.2% of particles) compared with extrusion (68.0%) and sonication (61.0%), and yields a greater proportion of particles with high surface coverage (50%–75% and 75%–100% of surface area). Nanoparticles coated via this method exhibited superior immune evasion and prolonged circulation in both in vitro and in vivo models. Indeed, SPACEMAN offers a generalizable single-particle analytical framework for quantitatively probing heterogeneity in physicochemical properties, drug loading, and surface modifications of nanoparticle formulations.
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Light-Science & Applications
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·151
·
IF 24
Cui Yuhang,Zhu Danlei,Chen Jiawei,Dong Shuyue,Cheng Yuanzhuang,Liu Xiangyu,Yan Xinghua,Jin Zicong,Duan Lian,Xu Jian,Ma Dongxin
Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) offer superior efficiency and high colour purity, making them promising candidates for next-generation lighting and display technologies. However, fabricating the emissive perovskite quantum dot (QD) layer typically requires a protective atmosphere due to its air sensitivity, thereby increasing production costs and limiting industrial scalability. Here, we propose an ion-pair pinning strategy by using tetraalkylammonium triflate (NR 4 OTf) to enable ambient-air processing of formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr 3 ) QD films. The trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anions (OTf − ) hydrogen bond with FA + , inhibiting its detachment and passivating the uncoordinated Pb 2+ , while the tetraalkylammonium cations (NR 4 + ) serve as X-type ligands to inhibit deprotonation. This dual ion-pair pinning effect stabilises the QD lattice and provides surface resistance to moisture and oxygen, thereby improving the uniformity, stability, and optoelectronic performance of air-processed QD films. The as-constructed air-processed QLED achieves a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21.3% and a peak luminance of over 3 × 10 4 cd m −2 at 529 nm with Rec. 2020 compliance (EQE of 23.9% and luminance of over 8 × 10 4 cd m −2 for the N 2 -processed QLED). Our work eliminates the reliance on inert gas protection in perovskite QLED fabrication, laying a foundation for their low-cost, large-scale manufacturing and expansion into diversified applications.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Huijing Chen,Qi Zhao,Guoxiang Chi,Zhirong Wang,Jianquan Kan
In this study, the effects of heat combined with oleic acid and oleic glycerolipids on dough functionality were investigated. Mixolab results demonstrated that inhibition of dough retrogradation by exogenous lipids followed the order of oleic acid > monoolein ≈ diolein > rapeseed oil ≈ triolein. Multi-spectroscopic analyses indicated that thermomechanical treatment induced alterations in the inherent structure of proteins and starches, and promoted interactions between lipids and wheat proteins which led to static fluorescence quenching but did not drastically change their fluorescence lifetime. Moreover, compared with other doughs, the bound lipid content in dough containing oleic acid or monoolein was higher than that of free lipids, indicating they have strong binding capacity with the dough. Molecular docking simulations indicated that thermomechanical treatment induced strong interactions between lipids and starch in the dough. This study firstly provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the interaction between different oleic glycerolipids, starches and proteins.
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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology
·
2026
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·15
·
IF 10.1
Hao Haijing,Zhu Ying,Zhong Mei,Liu Yang,Dai Zhenghua,Jin Lijun
Oil-soluble catalyst is a promising alternative to non-oil-soluble catalyst due to excellent dispensability in coal-oil slurry and relatively high activity. To reveal evolution behavior of active phase of the oil-soluble Fe-based catalysts in direct liquefaction of Shangwan coal, three oil-soluble Fe-based catalysts (FeLA, FeOA, FeSA) were synthesized via saponification method with linoleic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid as organic ligands, and were compared with two traditional iron oxide catalysts (Fe 2 O 3 , FeOOH). The evolution of active compositions during different temperatures was studied by XRD, SEM, XPS and HRTEM. Results demonstrated superior stability and catalytic activity of oil-soluble catalyst during direct liquefaction. TG and FTIR analyses confirmed the decomposition at lower temperatures, and formed active phases more readily than Fe 2 O 3 and FeOOH catalysts. The oil yields were significantly improved up to 62.82 wt%, 64.38 wt% and 66.36 wt% for FeLA, FeOA and FeSA, which were higher than those of Fe 2 O 3 and FeOOH catalysts. FeOA and FeLA catalysts particularly excelled in promoting the formation of cycloalkanes, thereby improving oil quality. The characterizations by XRD and XPS analyses of the samples indicated that these oil-soluble catalysts rapidly form Fe 0.875 S at lower temperatures, avoiding intermediate oxide phases. Smaller crystallite sizes were produced for oil-soluble catalysts compared than Fe 2 O 3 and FeOOH. Especially, substantial amounts of Fe 0.875 S were generated for FeSA during initial coal pyrolysis, which activated hydrogen to stabilize coal macromolecular radicals and enhanced coal conversion and yield. This work provides a guide for the development of highly efficient catalysts in direct coal liquefaction.
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ACS Sensors
·
2026
·
IF 10.9
Zhefu Mu,Xianjie Xu,Jiaxin Sun,Guo Chen,Zijun Huang,Xinkai Qi,Hongwei Liu,Yanhong Wei,Jialiang Zhou,Peng Wang,Xiuquan Gu,Sheng Huang
Monitoring internal electrolyte decomposition byproducts is pivotal for the early warning of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries yet remains a formidable challenge due to the harsh chemical environment. Herein, we engineer a robust electrochemical sensor based on a CsPbBr3/Al2O3@EVA heterojunction architecture to achieve real-time, in situ tracking of lithium methoxide (CH3OLi) evolution. Through interface engineering, the synthesized quantum dot−Al2O3 composite (8.7at%Al) achieves exceptional stability in reducing electrolytes, attributed to the synergistic dual-passivation of Br−Al interfacial bonding and EVA encapsulation. The sensor exhibits superior sensitivity (0.3 at 10% CH3OLi) and rapid kinetics (response/recovery: 8.98 s/56.11 s), driven by the promoted molecular diffusion in mesoporous Al2O3 and polarized adsorption within the Pb+2−Br− framework. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further corroborate this mechanism, revealing a strong Li+ binding energy of −1.54 eV at Al−O−Br active sites. Furthermore, by integrating the sensor signals with an XGBoost machine learning algorithm (accuracy >99%), we demonstrate a smart monitoring system capable of accurately predicting battery voltage variations and identifying potential safety hazards. This work establishes a new paradigm merging interface-stabilized materials with intelligent algorithms, transforming battery safety management from passive protection to active early warning.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Zhen Peng,Zhiqing Wang,Yuqing Gan,Jie Shen,Keqiang Chen,Wen Chen,Jing Zhou
Ligand polarization effect directly targets the atomic origin of stochastic ion migration via surface rigid confinement. • Surface octahedra transition from disordered to ordered, rigid state, raising migration barrier from 0.28 eV to 0.42 eV • Two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in ON/OFF ratio with over 70% reduced voltage dispersion and stable operation beyond 10 4 s • Optimal polarization window enables four-level multilevel storage and boosts synaptic recognition accuracy from 71.8% to 90.6% Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) memristors exhibit pronounced ion migration activity owing to their soft lattice nature. However, the surface octahedral disorder induced by this structural flexibility often leads to stochastic ion migration, limiting device reliability. Herein, we employ the ligand polarization effect to suppress this stochastic ion migration through surface rigid confinement. By anchoring a strong-dipole ligand onto the quantum dot surface, the electrostatic coupling between the molecular dipole field and surface defects reconstructs the surface coordination environment and stiffens the octahedral framework, elevating the vacancy migration activation energy from 0.28 eV to 0.42 eV and effectively suppressing ion migration at the quantum dot surface. Through this strategy, the memristors demonstrate a two-order-of-magnitude increase in on/off ratio (from 10 1 to 10 3 ), over 70% reduction in operating voltage dispersion, cycling endurance exceeding 2 × 10 3 cycles, and retention beyond 10 4 s, while maintaining stable resistance states for over 60 days under ambient conditions. Tuning the ligand polarization strength reveals an optimal polarization window, enabling four-level multilevel storage and elevating synaptic recognition accuracy from 71.8% to 90.6%. This work provides an effective ligand polarization-based strategy for suppressing ion migration at its origin in perovskite quantum dot memristors. A ligand polarization-assisted surface rigid confinement strategy is developed for suppressing stochastic ion migration in CsPbBr 3 quantum dot-based memristors. The strong-dipole ligand anchors onto the quantum dot surface, driving surface atom rearrangement through electrostatic coupling and forming a rigid confinement layer that stabilizes conductive filaments. The resulting memristors achieve a two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in ON/OFF ratio and stable resistive switching. As artificial synapses, these devices demonstrate improved synaptic plasticity and a recognition accuracy of 90.6%, outperforming the control device (71.8%). Download: Download high-res image (145KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 98
·期 33
·24012-24023
·
IF 7.3
Qian Wang,Suo Ruiyang,Liu Yixin,Zhang Zixun,Li Shuqi,Ma Minghui,Ling Huan,Wang Jingjing,Qiu Di,Zhou Jun,Wu Bo,Wei Yongchang
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading
causes
of cancer-related mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need
for safe and effective imaging tools to improve early diagnosis. In
this study, we developed a hepatocyte-targeted T2 MRI contrast agent
by functionalizing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)
with an ethoxybenzyl-polyethylene glycol ligand, yielding Fe 3 O 4 -EOB-PEG 2000 NPs, inspired by the hepatocyte-selective
features of Gd-EOB-DTPA. In vitro studies demonstrated preferential
uptake of Fe 3 O 4 -EOB-PEG 2000 NPs by
hepatocytes over tumor cells, while in vivo imaging in both hepatocellular
carcinoma and colorectal liver metastasis models revealed a distinct
“black-liver/bright-tumor” contrast effect. Compared
with nontargeted Fe 3 O 4 -mPEG 2000 NPs,
Fe 3 O 4 -EOB-PEG 2000 NPs showed significantly
improved tumor visibility in T2-weighted images. Furthermore, Fe 3 O 4 -EOB-PEG 2000 NPs exhibited good biocompatibility
and biosafety. This work highlights a strategy for enhancing T2 MRI
contrast through hepatocyte targeting, providing a promising gadolinium-free
alternative for safe and effective safe and effective diagnosis of
liver tumors.
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JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2026
·
IF 9.6
Songrun Han,Feng Wu,Na Yin,Yinghui Wang,Wanying Li,Rui Niu,Yue Cao,Ziqian Wang,Shuyan Song,Hongjie Zhang
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a high risk of postoperative recurrence in clinical practice for its high invasiveness and aggressiveness. Among postoperative treatment methods, redox therapy has attracted increasing attention for postoperative tumor treatment in recent years. Among various reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating agents, persulfates, which generate the more therapeutically effective ·SO 4 − , show outstanding potential but are limited by their excessively rapid decomposition. To address this limitation, we developed a biodegradable, metabolizable, TME-unconstrained mild photothermal-controllable redox therapy in situ injectable postoperative implant, which was loaded with sodium persulfate nanoparticles (DSPE-PEG modified Na 2 S 2 O 8 nanoparticles, PSNPs) and photothermal materials (DSPE-PEG modified NaNdF 4 , PNdNPs). Mild photothermal effect regulates the thermosensitive hydrogel and the decomposition rate of PSNPs to make the decomposition of PSNPs controllable. The PSNPs gradually release and decompose, generating ·OH and ·SO 4 − without being constrained by TME. With the decomposition of PSNPs, a substantial amount of Na + is transported into cells through endocytosis, thereby bypassing conventional cellular ion transport mechanisms and enhancing the killing effect on tumors. Furthermore, the small-sized materials can be metabolized and expelled, exhibiting excellent biodegradability. This study introduces a novel mild photothermal-controllable redox therapy strategy for the postoperative management of triple-negative breast cancer.
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DENTAL MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 6.3
Meng Bo,Jiao Fang,Yuning Wu,Zixuan Chen,Yingchi Liu,Shuang Liu,Chunyan Li,Lin Wang,Xiaolin Sun
A metabolically reprogrammed MnO₂-Mg/Pt@BBF nanozyme is developed for periodontitis treatment. • Mg²⁺ amplifies endogenous H₂O₂ production via SpxB in Streptococcus gordonii. • Pt decoration enriches catalytically active Mn²⁺ to enhance chemodynamic therapy. • Covalently immobilized BBF inhibits LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing and disrupts biofilm cohesion. • The nanozyme reduces bacterial burden, alveolar bone loss, and inflammation in vivo . Objectives To overcome the intrinsic incompatibility between dense periodontal biofilms and chemodynamic therapy (CDT), we developed a vacancy–engineered MnO₂ nanozyme that integrates redox–state programming, Mg²⁺–enabled endogenous H₂O₂ amplification, and covalently immobilized quorum–sensing inhibition for the local treatment of periodontitis. Methods Mg²⁺–coordinated MnO₂ nanoflowers were decorated with Pt nanoparticles and covalently functionalized with BBF. Physicochemical properties, Mn valence states, H₂O₂ and ·OH generation, LuxS/AI–2 signaling, Porphyromonas gingivalis metabolomic changes, antibiofilm activity, and therapeutic efficacy in rat periodontitis were evaluated. Results Pt decoration increased the Mn²⁺ fraction from 33% to 51%, while Mg²⁺ enhanced SpxB–mediated H₂O₂ production by Streptococcus gordonii . Immobilized BBF reduced AI–2 activity from 67.8% to 22.8% and downregulated luxS, fimA, mfa1, kgp, and rgpA . In dual–species biofilms, MnO₂–Mg/Pt@BBF yielded 68.7% dead cells, an approximately 4–log₁₀ reduction in viable bacteria, and the lowest residual thickness. Metabolomics revealed depletion of G6P, R5P, NADPH, ATP, and α–ketoglutarate in P. gingivalis. In vivo , treatment reduced periodontal bacterial burden by approximately 3 orders of magnitude and decreased the CEJ–ABC distance from 1.44 ± 0.28 mm to 0.56 ± 0.15 mm, accompanied by reduced inflammation and IL-6 expression, improved collagen organization, and elevated Arg-1 levels. Significance This locally deliverable platform couples vacancy/valence–tuned catalysis, Mg²⁺–primed endogenous oxidant supply, and surface–immobilized quorum–sensing blockade, offering a composition–guided strategy for controlling polymicrobial periodontal biofilms and limiting infection–associated tissue destruction.
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BMEMat
·
2026
·
IF 17.2
Chongyang Liu,Haohui Zhu,Huaibin Yu,Xijun Zhang,Zhiqin Lei,Wenjing Xu,Xinyu Zhao,Ming Wu,Long Yang,Juanjuan Liu,Zhengbao Zha,Xinghui Si,Jianjun Yuan
Living bacterial therapy offers strong tumor-targeting and deep penetration into hypoxic regions, but its therapeutic potential is hindered by biosafety risks from bacterial proliferation after treatment. Herein, we designed a trigger-destructive bacterial system that combines precise tumor targeting with controllable bacterial elimination to ensure safety. Specially, sonosensitizer barium titanate nanoparticles (BTO NPs) grafted by amino silane coupling agent (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, KH550) were electrostatically anchored onto Salmonella VNP20009 to construct a nano-biohybrid delivery system (KBTO-VNP). Upon systemic administration, the inherent hypoxia-targeting capability of the bacteria enabled efficient accumulation and deep penetration of the sonosensitizer into tumor tissues. In vitro studies demonstrated that, the nano-biohybrid exhibited markedly enhanced penetration in 3D tumor spheroid models, achieving over a 100 μm increase in penetration depth compared to free nanoparticles. In vivo experiments revealed that bacterial surface modification improved the tumor-targeting efficiency of KBTO NPs by 7-fold. Importantly, no bacteria were recovered from normal organs after US irradiation, confirming the controllable proliferation and efficient clearance of bacteria from off-target tissues. Therapeutic evaluations on the B16F10 subcutaneous tumor model further confirmed that KBTO-VNP achieved remarkable tumor suppression, with an inhibition rate exceeding 96%. Moreover, immunological mechanism analysis revealed that the ultrasound-triggered cell apoptosis released abundant tumor-associated and bacterial antigens, which subsequently promoted robust immune cell infiltration, leading to approximately a 3-fold increase in the intratumoral infiltration of dendritic cells and T cells. This nano-biohybrid system offers valuable theoretical support for the advancement of sonodynamic therapy and holds great potential for future cancer treatments.
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