TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 7.6
Rui Guo,Xiaochen Wang,Di Liu,Song Hu,Zhengwei Lin,Yang Lyu,Xiaolong Wang
The global challenge of friction-induced energy dissipation in mechanical systems drives the demand for high-performance polymers with superior tribological properties. Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) is a promising high-performance polymer for lightweight robots, yet its use in moving components is hindered by poor lubricity, high wear rate, and limited processability. Here, we adopted a facile tactic to fabricate a PEEK-based composite by filling polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micropowders through material extrusion 3D printing. This composite enables the rapid prototyping of complex architectures with high printing resolution at the micrometer scale, providing excellent mechanical toughness and superior tribological properties. Specifically, the printed composite with 7.5 wt% PTFE showed the high-quality microstructure (PTFE size below 5 µm), excellent impact strength up to 81.72 kJ/m 2 , and high crystallinity of PEEK phase up to 29.24%. The resultant composite achieved the synergistic enhancement of lubricating and anti-wear properties at various loads (30–100 N), which was attributed to the lubricative transferred film led by PTFE. The average friction coefficient was remained at approximately 0.1 under various loads, with a minimum wear rate of 2.72 × 10 −5 mm 3 /(N∙m) at 50 N. To reveal the potentials, the porous oil-containing material, bearing and car differential are demonstrated by 3D printing. This printed PEEK/PTFE composite paves the way for enhancing the tribological performances and manufacturing flexibility in polymers, advancing the development of PEEK materials in high-precision transmission devices.
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高影响因子
Waste and Biomass Valorization
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Zhao Kunzhen,Zhang Zhuoma,Hang Xina,Yi LinLin,Li Kaiyuan,Zou Yanyan
Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic with considerable potential for H 2 and syngas productions via pyrolysis. However, its conventional non-catalytic pyrolysis suffers from high energy consumption and low H 2 and syngas yields. This study investigates the catalytic pyrolysis of PEEK using nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH) 2 ) to enhance the gas production efficiency. PEEK mixed with Ni(OH) 2 at different molar ratios (1:0–1:2) was pyrolyzed up to 1073 K under a nitrogen atmosphere. The H 2 yield increased with catalyst loading and reached a maximum of 25.9 mg/g at a PEEK: Ni(OH) 2 ratio of 1:0.5 (13.85 wt%), corresponding to a 264.3% increase compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis. The syngas yield also reached a maximum of 0.75 g/g under the same condition. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the addition of Ni(OH) 2 significantly lowered the onset decomposition temperature of PEEK from 832 K to 532 K, and transformed its two-stage pyrolysis into a four-stage process with a 10.4% reduction in char residue. In-situ X-ray diffraction revealed that Ni(OH) 2 was progressively transformed into NiO and Ni during heating, indicating the formation of catalytically relevant Ni-containing phases within the pyrolysis temperature range. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the catalyst was distributed within the carbon matrix and altered the morphology of the pyrolysis residue. These observations provide qualitative evidence of morphological changes after catalytic pyrolysis. These findings demonstrate that the catalytic potential of Ni(OH) 2 in facilitating H 2 -rich syngas production from PEEK.
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Materials Today Bio
·
2026
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IF 11
Fang Guo,BingQian Wang,Xiaoning Su,Xingxing Lv,Shuo Huang,Yayuan Guo,Yang Xue,Changkui Liu
Effective repair of large bone defects poses a major clinical challenge. Traditional 3D printed polyetheretherketone (PEEK) scaffolds provide customized structures and mechanical adaptability. However, their biological inertness and lack of dynamic bioactive microenvironment limit vascular regeneration and osteogenic differentiation, ultimately limiting overall bone regeneration. This study combined photothermal responsive black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) with strontium ions (Sr 2+ ), and further modified the combination with polydopamine (PDA) to construct ‘PDA@BP-Sr Nanocomposites’; subsequently a photo responsive biomimetic porous PEEK scaffold (PEEK-PDA@BP-Sr, PPBS) was developed. Under near-infrared light-induced controllable mild photothermal conditions (40-42 °C), this porous scaffold enables the time-dependent release of bioactive ions, significantly promoting the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Moreover, it activates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway by upregulating HSP70 expression, effectively regulating the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) in vitro. In a rabbit femoral defect model, in-vivo experiments further confirmed that NIR light irradiation enables the PPBS scaffold to dynamically regulate the vascularization bone formation coupling. This promotes early vascularization and bone regeneration, significantly accelerating bone defect repair. This study successfully developed a novel bone repair scaffold that combines structural biomimicry, mechanical adaptation, and efficient biological activity. Additionally, the study also provides important technical support for bone defect repair under conditions of insufficient blood supply.
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PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Kaixuan Lei,Wenzhen Qin,Shulin Bai,Jianfan Cao,Liang Chen
Improving the weak interfacial bonding of carbon fiber (CF)/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites is an extremely urgent need. Addressing this issue, sizing modification on CF surfaces is a conventional and effective method. In this work, polyethersulfone-polystyrene sulfonate sodium (PES-NaPSS) was successfully synthesized by UV illumination. A novel surfactant-free aqueous PES-NaPSS sizing agent was prepared by emulsion/solvent evaporation method to regulate the interface of CF/PEEK composites. From the XPS and SEM results, it can be seen that PES-NaPSS was uniformly coated on the CF surfaces, which introduced the reactive groups on the CF surfaces. The PES-NaPSS sizing agent exhibits good thermal performance and storage stability, meeting the needs for high temperature processing of CF/PEEK composites. Compared with the unsized CF/PEEK composites, the ILSS, flexural strength and modulus of the 0.9 wt% PES-NaPSS modified CF/PEEK composite are improved by 32.8 %, 40.3 % and 37.4 %, respectively. Accordingly, the mechanisms of the interface improvement are physical riveting, chain entanglement, chemical and physical interactions between the PES-NaPSS and PEEK matrix. This green and effective method of interface improvement will supply a prerequisite for the extensive application of CF/PEEK composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料
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高影响因子
Materials Advances
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Shengjie Wang,Wei Liu,Chao Yang,Xianlong Zhang,Chunming Lyu
This study aimed to develop a novel artificial joint prosthesis material with osteogenic properties. Deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) was immobilized on the porous surface of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) through polydopamine (PDA), resulting in a novel material designated as DFO-PDA@SPEEK (Abbrev. DFO-PS). DFO-PS induced macrophage M2 phenotype polarization, reduced inflammatory factor expression, promoted osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and enhanced implant osseointegration and osteogenic capacity. In vitro evaluation demonstrated that DFO-PS significantly modulated immune and inflammatory responses, promoted angiogenesis, and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. In the rat model with femoral bone defect, in comparison to the control group, the DFO-PS group exhibited a 1.22-fold increase in trabecular thickness and a 1.51-fold enhancement in maximum pull-out force. This work demonstrates that DFO-PS represents a promising strategy for constructing multifunctional implants with biomineralization and immunomodulation properties for bone joint replacement.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
免疫学
·
骨科医学
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ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 5.395
Lianshuang Zhao,Jiaoli Hu,Longxuan Gao,Junming Wang,Xiaoyue Ma,Yu Liu,Yuhui Ao,Fei Yan,Liu Liu
The carbon fiber/hydroxyapatite (CF/HA) reinforcement with a three-dimensional flower-like structure was rapidly fabricated with the biomimetic mineralization method to strengthen the interfacial performance and bioactivity of carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) composites. Silk fibroin (SF), which can construct a robust interphase between CF and PEEK, supported an organic template to regulate the growth of inorganic HA. The interfacial properties were markedly enhanced through mechanical interlocking and interface adhesion induced by increasing roughness and surface energy of CF. Besides, the mineralization time was significantly reduced after the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to the simulated body fluid, and the prepared CF/HA possessed good bioactivity. In this study, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and flexural strength of CF-HA/45/PEEK composites demonstrated an enhancement of 45.9% and 51.2%, respectively, compared to the untreated CF/PEEK composites. It is predicted that this strategy could provide a rapid and convenient route to ameliorate the interfacial performance and bioactivity of CF/PEEK composites simultaneously.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物材料工程
·
生物医学工程
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PubMed
高影响因子
Biomaterials Science
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Jian Pu,Nengshen Zhang,Luyao Tang,Zemin Ling,Chao Zhang,Jian Song
Prosthetic wear remains a key challenge in metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint replacement, where improved lubrication is essential for reducing interfacial wear and extending implant lifespan. Inspired by the lubrication mechanisms of natural joints, this study proposes a biomimetic strategy that combines a brush-like copolymer with two-dimensional nanomaterials to enhance the tribological performance of artificial MTP joint materials. A brush-like polymer (HAPA) was synthesized by covalently grafting PAMPS side chains onto hyaluronic acid (HA), mimicking the natural lubricin–HA complex. HAPA and MXene nanosheets were incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel and physically interlocked within porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) via freeze–thaw cycles to form a cartilage-inspired composite (PVA/HAPA/MXene–PEEK). The composite exhibited a high water content of 83.0% and characteristic biphasic lubrication behavior. Moreover, it exhibited exceptional lubricating performance against various counterface materials, reducing the coefficient of friction with TC4 to as low as 0.033. This improvement is attributed to the hydration layer provided by HAPA and the potential interfacial lubrication contribution of MXene. The composite further showed good cytocompatibility. Overall, this design offers a promising biomimetic strategy for improving lubrication in MTP joint prostheses, while noting that direct evidence of MXene transfer and antibacterial activity warrants future investigation.
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Journal of Orthopaedic Translation
·
2026
·
IF 9.8
Ziying Cheng,Yansheng Huang,Zhigang Zhao,Songnan Shao,Zitong Zhao,Xiaoshuai Peng,Baorong He,Zhen Chang
Background Implant-associated infection remains a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. Although polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is widely used owing to its favorable mechanical properties and radiolucency, its intrinsic bioinertness renders it highly susceptible to bacterial colonization. Developing a durable, antibiotic-free antibacterial surface modification for PEEK with translational relevance remains clinically desirable. Methods In this study, a covalently grafted N-halamine–functionalized PEEK surface (PEEK- g -PAM-NCl) was fabricated via a UV-induced self-initiated polymerization strategy. The antibacterial performance was systematically evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using time–kill assays, live/dead staining, and antibacterial tests under protein-rich conditions. Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential were assessed in vitro using hBM-MSCs. In vivo antibacterial efficacy and biocompatibility were further investigated using subcutaneous implant-associated infection model in the C57BL/6J mice and femoral osteomyelitis model in the SD rat. Results PEEK- g -PAM-NCl exhibited sustained and effective antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, achieving >98% bacterial reduction in vitro, including under protein-rich conditions. Time–kill assays revealed a pronounced time-dependent bactericidal effect. In vivo, PEEK- g -PAM-NCl significantly reduced bacterial burden, inflammatory infiltration, and infection-associated tissue damage compared with pristine PEEK, effectively preventing chronic osteomyelitis features. Importantly, no abnormal systemic inflammatory response or local tissue toxicity was observed. In vitro osteogenic assessments demonstrated that the antibacterial modification did not adversely affect osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion This study demonstrates that covalent N-halamine functionalization endows PEEK with sustained, antibiotic-free antibacterial activity while preserving biocompatibility performance. PEEK- g -PAM-NCl represents a promising translational strategy for preventing implant-associated infections in orthopedic applications. The translational potential of this article This study presents an antibiotic-free antibacterial surface modification strategy for PEEK implants based on UV-induced covalent grafting of N-halamine polymers. The robust antibacterial efficacy, preserved cytocompatibility, and supportive bone-related biological responses suggest potential applicability in preventing implant-associated infections in orthopedic settings. This work provides a feasible surface engineering approach that may be further optimized and translated toward clinically relevant load-bearing implants.
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PubMed
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2021
·
IF 3.882
Jin Wang,Qiong Du,Jiashuang Luan,Xuanbo Zhu,Jinhui Pang
Membrane separation has been considered to be the most effective decontamination method for oily waste water. The most significant point of membrane separation is the resistance against membrane fouling. Fabricating hierarchical architectures on the membrane surface is an available approach to improving its anti-fouling property. In this study, ZnO nanoneedles were successfully anchored onto surface-sulfonated poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) felt via UV/ozone cleaning and hydrothermal synthesis. The modified felt (PEEK-f-Z) showed much better anti-fouling properties and far higher rejection height (33 cm) than the unmodified felt (17 cm) with a separation efficiency up to 99.99%. The enhanced separation properties could be attributed to the stronger water locking capability of the hierarchical architectures on the surface. Furthermore, benefiting from the great chemical stability of PEEK substrates and ZnO nanoneedles, the as-prepared membrane exhibited admirable solvent resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal stability. As a result, PEEK-f-Z could even separate immiscible organic liquids with different polarities and collect hot water from the oil/water mixture, promising to be used under severe conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 3.4
Chengjie Hu,Siyuan Gui,RenXin Xu,WeiMin Wang,ZhengYi Fu,Wei Ji
In this study, aluminum nitride (AlN) modified carbon fiber heating elements (HE) were used to connect carbon fiber reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone (CF/PEEK) composites by resistance welding. The effects of AlN content and environmental conditions on the lap shear strength (LSS) of resistance welding composites were investigated by preparing welded joints with different AlN content. The results show that the LSS of the welded joint increases rapidly with the increase of AlN content. When the content of AlN is 5 wt.%, the maximum strength reaches 30.63 MPa. The welded joints were then placed in room temperature (25°C, 50% relative humidity (RH)) and artificial aging chamber (85°C, 90%RH) for 28 days, respectively, and tested in the temperature range of −30°C to 145°C. It is found that with the increase of test temperature, the LSS under the two environmental conditions shows a decreasing trend. High temperature and moisture absorption will have a superimposed negative impact on the LSS of the welded joint. At 145°C, the strength of the sample under elevated temperature wet (ETW) environment is the lowest, which is 21.61 MPa. The SEM analysis of the fracture surface of the joint shows that the main failure mechanism of the joint is the cohesive failure of HE. The main reasons for the degradation of interface bonding properties are wet heat aging and high temperature environment.
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Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 18
·3966
·
IF 3.7
Zhe Tong,Xinghao Song,Wenxing Lei,Yajun Zhang,Jiaojiao Li,Li Zhao
The incorporation of various types of fillers is critical to enhancing the starved oil lubrication performance of PEEK matrix composites. In this work, PEEK composites reinforced with h-BN and SCFs were fabricated via a hot-pressing method, and the friction and wear behaviors under dry sliding and starved oil lubrication were systematically investigated. Surface oil wettability and Vickers hardness were characterized, and tribological tests were conducted on a ball-on-disk reciprocating tribometer. Worn surface topography and wear mechanisms were elucidated through laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that h-BN effectively reduces the friction coefficient through its solid lubrication effect, while SCFs significantly improve the hardness and load-bearing capacity of the PEEK matrix. Under dry sliding conditions, the PEEK composite containing h-BN and SCFs achieves the lowest wear rate of 10.3 × 10−5mm3/(N·m), which is 74.6% lower than that of pure PEEK, indicating a synergistic anti-wear effect. Under starved oil lubrication, PEEK/h-BN maintains the smoothest and lowest friction, and the presence of SCFs further improves wear resistance of PEEK composites despite a slight increase in friction. In addition, the fillers’ incorporation reduces the surface oil wettability of the PEEK composites; the dominant wear mechanism hence transforms from severe adhesive wear and plastic deformation in pure PEEK to mild abrasive wear.
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CARBON
·
2025
·
IF 11.6
Yu Bai,Shengdao Wang,Guibin Wang,Yanxu Lu,Liubo Liang,Xiaohan Mei,Shiyu Wang,Chunqi Guo,Jianpeng Jiao,Xinyuan Shi,Shuling Zhang
With the rapid development of lightweight technologies and information systems, commercial polymer-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites are increasingly inadequate for the complex structures and harsh operating conditions of aerospace electronic devices due to their corrosion sensitivity and low strength. Achieving high mechanical strength, EMI shielding effectiveness, and stable performance in harsh environments, such as high temperatures and corrosive media, remains a challenge. In this study, phenylacetylene groups were electrochemically grafted onto carbon nanotube (CNT) films to form phenylacetylene-grafted CNT (Ph-CNT), which was then combined with soluble phenylacetylene-capped ketimine polyetheretherketone (An-Ph-PEEK). Acidification of An-Ph-PEEK created crystalline phenylacetylene-capped PEEK (Ph-PEEK), and thermal crosslinking of phenylacetylene groups yielded crosslinked Ph-CNT/crystalline Ph-PEEK (cc@Ph-CNT/Ph-PEEK) composites. These composites exhibited high tensile strength (>240 MPa at 25 °C) and EMI shielding effectiveness (52–81 dB in the X-band across 25–250 °C), attributed to enhanced interfacial interactions and the stability of the crosslinked structure. The mechanical and EMI shielding properties were retained after prolonged exposure to corrosive media, thanks to the crystallinity of Ph-PEEK. Additionally, the composites exhibited photothermal antibacterial and electric de-icing capabilities. The high-performance cc@Ph-CNT/Ph-PEEK composites show promising potential for applications in harsh environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
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