ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Jianfang Xia,Lei He,Zhilai Lu,Linpeng Liu,Jianan Song,Siyu Chen,Qingshan Wang,Farid A. Hammad,Yanling Tian
Flexible strain sensors have attracted significant attention in the wearable electronic device field, owing to their exceptional ductility, sensitivity, and durability compared to rigid strain sensors. However, the limited strain detection range or sensitivity has hindered their widespread application. In this study, a flexible strain sensor is fabricated by screen-printing a conductive carbon black ink layer on a conductive flexible composite layer made of thermoplastic polyurethane and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Both kirigami-patterned and fingerprint-patterned structures are introduced to the architecture of sensors; while the former is designed for the improvement of strain sensing range, the latter serves for the enhancement of sensitivity and interfacial adhesion. It is demonstrated that the sensor achieves high sensitivity with a gauge factor of up to 5705.53 and has a wide strain sensing range from 0 to 150%. Besides, the sensor also shows good durability (6000 stretching–releasing cycles) and a fast response time of ∼220 ms. The excellent sensor performance of the flexible strain sensor suggests promising applications in human–computer interaction, medical health monitoring, and motion capture.
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高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2023
·
IF 5.2
Zhixiang Cui,Shengnan Tian,Xiaolong Liu,Qianting Wang,Sen Zeng,Junhui Si
The efficient elimination of toxic dye and Cr(VI) from wastewater by photocatalysis is still a challenge due to the unsatisfactory photocatalytic efficiency and difficult separation of the photocatalyst . Herein, the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning and then titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles were loaded on the fiber membrane by ultrasonic-assisted method, followed by in-situ polymerizations of polyaniline (PANI) on the surface of the membrane. The synergistic effect of TiO 2 and PANI results in faster charge migration and more efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers. Photocatalytic experiments revealed that TPU/TiO 2 /PANI fiber membranes were highly efficient for dye degradation and Cr(VI) reduction under visible light irradiation. 99.7 % of Congo red was degraded by TPU/TiO 2 /PANI membrane within 30 min, and the reaction rate reached 0.2 min −1 . The Cr(VI) reduction efficiency was up to 99.0 % within 25 min with a reaction rate of 0.128 min −1 . Additionally, the TPU/TiO 2 /PANI membrane exhibited a low loss in catalytic activity even after recycling 10 times, suggesting superior recycling stability compared to TPU/TiO 2 membrane. The result of the electron spin resonance (ESR) experiment showed that superoxide radicals (-O 2 - ) and hydroxyl radicals (-OH - ) were involved in the photocatalytic degradation process. The prepared TPU/TiO 2 /PANI fiber membrane combined with excellent photocatalytic capacity, good stability and easy recovery makes it a good candidate for removing dye and Cr(VI) from wastewater.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 140
·期 13
·e53668
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IF 3
Pengxin He,Haihong Pu,Xinfeng Li,Xiaoqiong Hao,Jianhua Ma
Flexible and highly conductive fiber has attracted considerable attention with its massive potential in functional fabric, stretchable circuits, and wearable electronic devices. Herein, we prepared a novel secondary structure composite fiber based on aramid nanofibers (ANF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fiber accompanied by carbon nanotube (CNT)-coated on its surface. The composite fibers' dispersibility, micromorphology, and application were systematically investigated. The TPU/ANF-0.5 wt% sample showed a robust reinforcing effect, as Young's modulus and tensile strength reached 17.2 and 20.2 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the conductive coating layer in the outer frame was formed via a TPU solution with 10 wt% CNT content, which gives the fiber excellent flexible electrical conductivity. Such a unique structural design enables the fiber to be closely attached to human skin and monitor human movement. In addition, this TPU/ANF@CNT composite fiber can also be used for light and electric heating. The photothermal equilibrium temperature can reach 120°C in 50 s, and the electrothermal equilibrium temperature increases to 62°C under 30 V. In summary, this secondary structure composite fiber with excellent electrical and mechanical properties might have great practical application potential in wearable electronic devices.
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Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·859
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IF 4.967
Xiujuan Wang,Xiaoyu Gao,Yu Wang,Xin Niu,Tanyu Wang,Yuanjun Liu,Fangxi Qi,Yaming Jiang,Hao Liu
In recent years, the research of flexible sensors has become a hot topic in the field of wearable technology, attracting the attention of many researchers. However, it is still a difficult challenge to prepare low-cost and high-performance flexible sensors by a simple process. Three-dimensional spacer fabric (SF) are the ideal substrate for flexible pressure sensors due to its good compression resilience and high permeability (5747.7 mm/s, approximately 10 times that of cotton). In this paper, Thermoplastic polyurethane/Polypyrrole/Polydopamine/Space Fabric (TPU/PPy/PDA/SF) composite fabrics were prepared in a simple in-situ polymerization method by sequentially coating polydopamine (PDA) and Polypyrrole (PPy) on the surface of SF, followed by spin-coating of different polymers (thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Ecoflex) on the PPy/PDA/SF surface. The results showed that the TPU/PPy/PDA/SF pressure sensors prepared by spin-coating TPU at 900 rpm at a concentration of 0.3 mol of pyrrole monomer (py) and a polymerization time of 60 min have optimum sensing performance, a wide working range (0–10 kPa), high sensitivity (97.28 kPa−1), fast response (60 ms), good cycling stability (>500 cycles), and real-time motion monitoring of different parts of the body (e.g., arms and knees). The TPU/PPy/PDA/SF piezoresistive sensor with high sensitivity on a highly permeable spacer fabric base developed in this paper has promising applications in the field of health monitoring.Keywords:space fabric;Polypyrrole (PPy);piezoresistive sensors;thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) coating
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PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.518
Haoshan Xu,Shuhong Huang,Jiaqi Qian,Siming Liu,Ling Li,Xiaohui Zhao,Wenming Zhang
Herein, Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) ceramic nano-networks were introduced by electrostatic spinning into the polyethylene oxide (PEO)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/LiTFSI matrix (PTL) to constitute novel composite solid electrolytes due to the synergy between the nano-networks and the electrolyte matrix. By adjusting the LLZO nanonetwork with different weight ratios (5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt%) relative to the total weight of the PEO/TPU/LiTFSI/LLZO (PTLL) composite electrolyte, the electrochemical behavior of the gel electrolyte was optimized. When filled with a 10 wt% Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 nano-network, the PTLL has a maximum ionic conductivity of 1.33 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 60 °C and an electrochemical stability window of 5.6 V. Furthermore, the LiFePO 4 /PTLL/Li battery presents an initial specific discharge capacity of 170 mA h g −1 at 0.1 C. After 100 cycles, it demonstrated superior cycle durability at 0.5 C at 60 °C, representing 96.1 % of the initial capacity. These results indicate that the PTLL electrolyte is a promising candidate for advanced solid state lithium batteries .
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POLYMER TESTING
·
2020
·
IF 3.275
Pingwei Zhu,Ling Weng,Xiaorui Zhang,Xiaoming Wang,Lizhu Guan,Jiahao Shi,Lizhu Liu
A new type of graphene@poly(dopamine)-Ag (Gns@PDA-Ag) core-shell nanoplatelets was designed to improve the dielectric properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. The microstructure, dielectric performances and the effects of Ag nanoparticles’ content on the dielectric properties of composites were investigated. Results showed that the addition of Gns@PDA-Ag nanoplatelets could effectively improve the dielectric constant of the composite. When tested at low frequency (below 100 Hz), the highest dielectric constant of the TPU/Gns@PDA-0.78Ag (3 wt%) composite was 118.82, which was 14 times higher than that of pure TPU (8.39). This increase in dielectric constant should be attributed to the strong polarization effect of conductive graphene nanoflakes (Gns) and Ag nanoparticles to TPU molecules. The PDA shell could prevent direct contact between Gns and Ag nanoparticles, limit the formation of conductive pathways, which kept the dielectric loss of the composites at a low level and maintained the breakdown strength in a stable state. Compared with pure TPU (0.29), the minimum dielectric loss of composites was only 0.36. Moreover, after Gns@PDA-Ag nanoplatelets with higher Ag content were doped into TPU, the composite showed a higher dielectric constant, and due to the existence of the Coulomb blocking effect, the dielectric loss did not increase significantly. The scalability and simplicity of the described method will provide a promising route to polymer composites for highspeed integrated circuits and energy storage applications.
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JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Kaihang Zhou,Xiaoshuai Han,Bin He,Shuijian He,Gaigai Duan,Shaohua Jiang
To tackle the issue of interfacial incompatibility between hydrophilic acid-activated sepiolite nanofibers (A-SEP) and hydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrices, this study utilizes methyl trimethoxysilane (MTMS) to perform surface hydrophobization modification on A-SEP. By silane coupling, hydrophobic methyl groups ( CH 3 ) are introduced to improve interfacial compatibility. MTMS modified-acid-activated sepiolite nanofibers/TPU (MSNF/TPU) nanocomposite films are prepared using the solution casting method, and systematic characterization reveals that: the mechanical properties of the modified composites (tensile strength, elongation at break, Young's modulus) are significantly enhanced, thermal stability (decomposition temperature, residual carbon rate) is improved, and the glass transition temperature ( T g ) is adjustable. The transparency in the visible light spectrum is positively correlated with the state of fiber dispersion. This work offers a scalable interfacial engineering strategy for clay mineral-reinforced polymer composites. Graphical Incorporation of MSNF into a TPU matrix significantly enhances mechanical performance, with optimal loading (1.0 wt%) improving both tensile stress and strain at break. Compared to sepiolite-based composites (R-SEP, A-SEP), MSNF/TPU exhibits superior reinforcement. Uniform MSNF dispersion enables efficient stress transfer, yielding high-performance flexible composites for advanced applications.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Xin Xu,Huijia Wang,Yanlan Zhou,Zhiqiang Li,Zhuolu Li,Xile Chen,Ni Li
To address the oxidative degradation of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) under UV or thermal exposure, silica nanoparticles surface-modified with the antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxymethylphenol (DHPL-SiO 2 NPs) were incorporated into TPU to prepare TPU@DHPL-SiO 2 NPs composite films. DHPL-SiO 2 NPs effects on the mechanical degradation behavior of TPU films after bearing mechanical tensile, UV exposure, or thermal exposure were investigated. The results indicate that among the prepared films, the TPU film containing 3 wt% DHPL-SiO 2 NPs (TPU-3) presents desirable mechanical degradation behaviors under different conditions. When the strain amplitude is 700% during cyclic loading-unloading tensile measurements, TPU-3 shows lower internal heat accumulated with a hysteresis energy dissipation of 52.1 ± 2.55 MJ m −3 and superior flexibility with a secant modulus of 6.3 ± 0.11 MPa. After 8 days of UV exposure, TPU-3 indicates tensile strength and elongation loss rates of 5.1 ± 0.21% and 13.3 ± 0.62% (8.1 ± 0.32% and 12.7 ± 0.53% for TPU-0), respectively. While after 8 days of thermal exposure, TPU-3 presents only tensile strength and elongation loss rates of 3.3 ± 0.11% and 3.0 ± 0.25% (13.3 ± 0.33% and 10.5 ± 0.57% for TPU-0), respectively. Furthermore, when bearing 8 days of thermal exposure and then subjected to cyclic tensile tests with a fixed strain of 200%, TPU-3 still maintains a low tensile strength loss rate of 17.8 ± 0.33% and a high hysteresis ratio of 20.2 ± 0.21% (22.8 ± 0.38% and 18.5 ± 0.22% for TPU-0). Compared with neat TPU films, TPU composites filled with 3 wt% DHPL-SiO 2 NPs exhibit retarded mechanical degradation behavior. Download: Download high-res image (189KB) Download: Download full-size image
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IET Nanodielectrics
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·e70037
·
IF 4.3
Zhaobei Chen,Huiyi Hu,Xin Teng,Congzhou Zeng,Xuanbing Jin,Lingzhi Nie,Zhimin Dang,Qixin Zhuang,Peiyuan Zuo
Incorporating high-permittivity ceramic nanofillers is an effective strategy to enhance the dielectric constant via interfacial polarisation, thereby boosting the electromechanical sensitivity of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). However, filler agglomeration due to surface energy mismatch deteriorates material properties and weakens actuation capabilities. To address this challenge, we propose a ‘flexible interfacial anchoring’ strategy distinct from conventional rigid modification. KR38S coupling agents are covalently anchored onto BaTiO 3 nanoparticles via condensation reaction. Unlike hyperbranched modification requiring a thick polymer coating and topological interlocking, the long dioctyl chains of KR38S achieve a dual function: hydrophobic alkyl segments form an isolation layer that mitigates interfacial voids and charge traps, while flexible chains entangle with TPU polyether soft segments, creating a compliant cushion layer dynamically interconnected with the matrix. Benefiting from improved dispersibility and compatibility, the dielectric properties of the composites were substantially enhanced. The breakdown strength increased from 154.5 kV/mm for pristine TPU to 213.2 kV/mm for 5 wt% mBT/TPU, and the 10 wt% composite achieved an actuation displacement of 3.03 mm at 46.2 kV/mm, compared to 0.69 mm for pristine TPU at 29.2 kV/mm. This study provides a facile route to high-performance DEAs for soft robotics, flexible electronics, and intelligent wearables.
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Yu Wang,Yangqing Huang,Yaming Jiang
The rapid growth of the smart wearable device market has driven an increasing demand for advanced materials and sensing technologies that offer high sensitivity and stability. Herein, we report the development of a lightweight, highly sensitive, and wide-range pressure sensor based on a carbonized cellulose acetate (CCA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofiber membrane, fabricated through high-temperature carbonization and vacuum filtration techniques. By uniformly coating TPU onto the carbonized nanofiber surface, the intrinsic brittleness of the carbonized fibers was effectively mitigated, yielding a flexible and robust hybrid structure. The resulting CCA/TPU pressure sensor exhibits an impressive sensitivity of up to 101.22 kPa⁻¹ across a wide detection range of 0–50 kPa, a rapid response time of 20 ms, a minimal detection limit of 5 Pa, and outstanding durability over 10,000 loading-unloading cycles. This sensor is capable of accurately detecting diverse pressure and strain variations, demonstrating remarkable potential in physiological signal monitoring, motion recognition, emergency signal transmission, and safety protection applications. Notably, the sensor enables real-time recording of impact forces during shock events and provides critical data for evaluating the performance of cushioning materials. Beyond these applications, the conductive carbonized nanofiber membrane offers significant promise in the fields of smart textiles, biomedicine, and environmental monitoring.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
智能可穿戴设备
·
传感器技术
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Fenghui Xie,Wei Wu,Huanbo Hu,Junjian Ye,Lu Cui,Zhengyi Wang,Wenxue Zhang
In order to enhance the mechanical properties of lattice structure parts made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) prepared by selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, this study employed the oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) to prepare polydopamine-modified silicon carbide whiskers (PDA-SiC) fillers with a core-shell structure. These fillers were uniformly dispersed in a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to form a coating solution, which was then used to prepare TPU printed parts with a uniform PDA-SiC/WPU coating structure through post-treatment impregnating-curing processes. The coated TPU parts exhibited tensile strength, elongation at break, and room temperature compressive strength of 8.37 MPa, 610.2%, and 1.062 MPa, respectively, representing improvements of 40.9%, 33.2%, and 353.3% compared to pure TPU parts. This approach effectively enhanced the mechanical performance of SLS-formed TPU parts, strengthening their application in the field of flexible lattice structure parts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物仿生学
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Haidong Zhao,Xiangfei Xiao,Hao Xing,Xin Jia,Shuping Jin
Intelligent wearable strain sensors are indispensable for monitoring human locomotion and human–machine interactions. Herein, we present a nanocomposite ionogel film (thickness of 0.2 mm) prepared using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyurethane (TPU), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, and black phosphorus (BP) in a dimethylformamide solution, referred to as BP@PVP/TPU, using the electrostatic spinning. While the ionogel film exhibited exceptional properties, including excellent self-adhesiveness, high tensile strength (1866 %), and high fracture strength (0.59 MPa), at room temperature, it displayed high tensile strength (940 %) and high fracture strength (3.01 MPa) even when stored at −35 °C for up to 15 days. Subsequently, a self-adhesive strain sensor was fabricated from the BP@PVP/TPU ionogel using copper wire. After 1000 pull-up cycles under 30 % strain, the sensing signal remained essentially unchanged, and the sensor exhibited satisfactory adhesion to different substrates (e.g., an impressive adhesion strength of up to 299 kPa to iron sheets). The excellent performance of the BP@PVP/TPU ionogel enabled the developed sensor to monitor various human body movements in real time. This approach is both economical and convenient and provides an innovative avenue for developing next-generation wearable strain sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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