Current Analytical Chemistry
·
2021
·Vol. 17
·期 4
·521-527
·
IF 1.892
Liu Liang-Hong,Peng Jie,Shi Si-lin,Li Kai-Lin,Xiong Pei,Cai Wei
Background: Lithocarpus litseifolius (Hance) Chun (L. litseifolius) has been used for treating diabetes, allergic and inflammatory diseases, and hyperlipidemia in folk medicine. Previous studies have shown that the main active ingredients of its leaves are flavonoids. However, to the
best of our knowledge, the stem of L. litseifolius has not been investigated for its constituents yet. The stems of the decaying plants fall every year. It is considered as a waste due to limited knowledge of the benefits of these stems, which is a sheer waste of the plant resource. Therefore,
it is necessary to investigate the chemical constituents of the stem, which will be beneficial for the treatment of many diseases and help utilize the stem in a better way instead of wasting the plant resource. Methods: In this study, the dry twigs of L. litseifolius were collected, powdered,
and extracted. Then, the extracted sample was subjected to UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS in negative mode combined with Parallel reaction monitoring scanning to gain the high-resolution mass spectrum, which was processed by the Compound Discover version 3.0 using high resolution extracted ion
chromatography to predict the constituent compounds. Results: A total of 35 flavonoids including flavone, flavonol, dihydroflavone, isoflavone, and dihydrochalcone were putatively identified based on their accurate mass measurement, chromatographic retention, MSn spectra, and bibliography
data. Conclusion: In this study, a total of 35 flavonoids were identified in the stem of L. litseifolius, among which 5 flavonoids were the first to be reported from this plant, which will be very helpful for the development of medicines for the treatment of many diseases and utilization
of the stem of L. litseifolius.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
药学
·
天然产物研究
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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2016
·Vol. 64
·期 2
·290-300
·
IF 1.429
Zhen-Tao Song,Ming-Jun Zhu
Fermentation of herb Polygonum hydropiper L. (PHL) and cassava pulp (CP) for feed additive production with simultaneous flavonoid dissolution was investigated, and a two-stage response surface methodology (RSM) based on Plackett−Burman factorial design (PB design) was used to optimize the flavonoid dissolution and protein content. Using the screening function of PB design, four different significant factors for the two response variables were acquired: factors A (CP) and B (PHL) for the flavonoid dissolution versus factors G (inoculum size) and H (fermentation time) for protein content. Then, two RSMs were used sequentially to improve the values of the two response variables separately. The mutual corroboration of the experimental results in the present study confirmed the validity of the associated experimental design. The validation experiment showed a flavonoid dissolution rate of 94.00%, and a protein content of 18.20%, gaining an increase in 21.20% and 199.10% over the control, respectively. The present study confirms the feasibility of feed additive production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with CP and PHL and simultaneous optimization of flavonoid dissolution and protein content using a two-stage RSM.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
动物营养
·
微生物发酵
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天然产物化学
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JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
·
2015
·
IF 2.557
Lele Zhang,Minglei Yang,Junlan Gao,Shan Jin,Zhengyan Wu,Lifang Wu,Xin Zhang
Pistacia chinensis Bunge ( P. chinensis ) is a deciduous and dioecious perennial arbor of the family Anacardiaceae that flowers from March to April and bears fruit from September to October. There are three rapidly growing stages in the annual growth process of P. chinensis . However, the knowledge of the secondary metabolites related to P. chinensis gender and growth season remains scant. In this study, HPLC was used to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the content of the catechin hydrate, rutin , quercetin , and kaempferol contents in male and female tree inflorescences and leaves. Total phenolics and flavonoids were also detected using a spectrophotometer . The results indicated that the contents of these compounds fluctuated with seasons and they reached the highest levels in nascent leaves. The fluctuations of these compounds followed different pathways of evolution, by increasing or decreasing in male and female trees throughout the whole growth process because they had their own biological functions. Moreover, the extracts exhibited DPPH radical scavenging bioactivity and showed no significant cytotoxicity towards 3T3-L1 preadipocytes . Together, these results demonstrated that P. chinensis has great potential as an antioxidant medicine, and the best harvest time is in the spring.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Ruiying Zhang,Yufei Liu,Yiqiao Gao,Dengfeng Peng,Qian Luan,Ziliang Li,Xiaoyang Xia,Xia Xiang
Sesame leaves contain rich phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, their potential in nanozyme synthesis has not been investigated yet. Herein, we report the preparation of flavonoid-rich sesame leaf extract (SLE), composition identification, and its use in the construction of iron (Fe)-based nanozymes (Fe-SLE CPNs). SLE was obtained with an extraction yield of ∼14.5% with a total flavonoid content (TFC) of ∼850.85 mg RE/g. There were 83 flavonoid compounds in SLE, primarily including scutellarin, apigenin-7-glucuronid, narcissin, and hyperoside. Fe-SLE CPNs exhibited nanodot morphology with a hydrodynamic size of 79.34 nm and good stability in various physiological solutions, pH levels, and temperatures. The Fe-SLE CPNs were more efficient in the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than SLE alone. Furthermore, a stronger anti-inflammatory effect of the Fe-SLE CPNs was shown by modulating the MyD88-NF-κB-MAPK signaling pathways. These findings imply that SLE-based nanozymes hold great potential for diverse applications.
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Food Bioscience
·
2025
·
IF 5.9
Cheng-Hai Yan,Ding Wang,Ruo-Xi Mei,Lu Tan,Yi-Jiang-Cheng Li,Richard Ansah Herman,Yan Xu,Lu-Chan Gong,Jun Wang
Natural flavonoids exhibit diverse physiological effects and are used as functional factors, antioxidants and pigments in food as well as pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. However, their poor solubility and stability, result in low bioavailability. Biomodification through deglycosylation effectively enhances their bioactivity. This study developed two surface display strategies in Escherichia coli , anchoring α -L-rhamnosidase RhaB1-ΔN to the cell surface using the anchoring protein Lpp-OmpA. Immunofluorescence and proteinase K sensitivity tests confirmed the successful construction of surface-displaying strains E. coli Lpp-OmpA-RhaB1-ΔN and E. coli RhaB1-ΔN-SpyCatcher-SpyTag. Enzymatic property studies revealed improved temperature and pH stability of the whole-cell catalysts with surface compared to free enzymes. After 6 catalytic cycles, E. coli Lpp-OmpA-RhaB1-ΔN retained higher activity than E. coli RhaB1-ΔN. In flavonoid hydrolysis, E. coli Lpp-OmpA-RhaB1-ΔN increased yields of isoquercitrin and kaempferol-3- O -glucuronide by 20.25% and 10.99%, respectively, compared with that in whole-cell catalyst with intracellular enzyme ( p < 0.05). In addition, it should be noted that although the enzyme expression of E. coli RhaB1-ΔN-SpyCatcher-SpyTag is reduced, its hydrolysis ability of flavonoids is comparable to that of E. coli RhaB1-ΔN due to the efficient catalytic ability of extracellular enzymes. This study establishes reliable whole-cell catalysts with surface-displayed α -L-rhamnosidase for efficient natural flavonoid modification, with potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2018
·
IF 3.716
Yuan-Yuan Cui,Cheng-Xiong Yang,Xue-Dong Yang,Xiu-Ping Yan
The medicinal compositions or active components in medicinal plants are the major sources to find new drugs or lead compounds. Exploring novel sorbents with good selectivity for extraction and separation of medicinal compositions or active components from complex medicinal plants are interesting and challenging. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential in adsorption and extraction recently. Herein, we report our primary attempt of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a model MOF for selective extraction of a flavonoid named 3,4-dihydroxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan (compound 1) from a traditional medicinal plant Caragana Jubata. The enrichment factor of ZIF-8 for compound 1 is 57.7. The recoveries of compound 1 at three spiked levels (50, 100, 150 mg L −1 ) in Caragana Jubata dichloromethane extract are 62.1%, 66.4%, and 75.4%, respectively, with the relative standard deviations of less than 2.9%. The compound 1 also gave good linearity ( R 2 of 0.999) in the concentration range of 5–1000 mg L −1 . The obtained compound 1 gave highly antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging rate of 79.03%, inhibitory rate on lipid peroxidation of 75.30%, which were higher than the positive controls Vitamin C and BHT) and low IC 50 values (5.438 ± 0.068, 20.970 ± 0.083 μg mL −1 for DPPH radical scavenging activities and inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation, respectively). These results demonstrated the feasibility of MOFs in selective extraction of medicinal compositions or active components from complex medicinal plants. The current work may open a new way of MOFs in selective extraction of pharmacological active components from medicinal plants.
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Toxics
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 8
·591
·
IF 3.9
Peng Tian,Yu-Xi Feng,Yan-Hong Li
The presence of thiocyanate (SCN−) in irrigation water has adverse effects on both plant growth and crop output. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gaseous signaling molecule that can alleviate SCN−stress. Flavonoids are secondary compounds produced by plants and are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. They play important roles in several physiological and biochemical processes. To investigate the effect of exogenous H2S on the growth of early rice plants under SCN−stress, we carried out a hydroponic experiment focusing on the interaction of exogenous H2S with flavonoids. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was performed to investigate the behavior of SCN−when subjected to varying effective doses (EC20: 24.0 mg/L; EC50: 96.0 mg/L; and EC75: 300.0 mg/L). The findings indicated that the relative growth rate (RGR) of the plants treated with H2S + SCN−was greater than that of the plants treated with SCN−alone. Higher amounts of flavonoids were detected in the shoots than in the roots, with more variability in the shoots. The early warning level results showed that most of the flavonoids were present at levels I and II, while quercetin was present at level IV. Genetic expression variation factor (GEVF) analyses revealed an increase in the quantity of “promoter genes” with increasing SCN−concentration in both rice tissues. Furthermore, administering external H2S while exposing rice tissues to SCN−resulted in a considerable decrease in the levels of reactive oxygen species. This study provides novel insights into the regulation of flavonoid levels in rice plants by exogenous H2S, facilitating enhanced resistance to SCN−stress and promoting sustainable agriculture.
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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
·
2024
·Vol. 52
·期 04
·1137-1154
·
IF 4.8
Dan-Dan Yang,Shu-Yi Li,Xiao-Wei Xu,Qing-Yao Li,Jia-Yuan He,Lian-Di Zhou,Qi-Hui Zhang
Flavonol and flavonoid compounds are important natural compounds with various biomedical activities. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a strategy for the specific extraction of flavonol and flavonoid compounds. Quercetin is a well-studied flavonoid possessing many health benefits. This compound is a versatile antioxidant known to possess protective abilities against body tissue injury induced by pathological situations and various drug toxicities. Although quercetin is widely distributed in many plants, its content generally is not very high. Therefore, the specific extraction of quercetin as well as other flavonol and flavonoid compounds has profound significance. In this work, the quercetin molecularly imprinting polymer (QMIP) was successfully prepared, in which a typical flavonol quercetin was selected as the template molecule. QMIP was synthesized by performing the surface molecular imprinting technology on the surface of NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe). Our study results showed that QMIP exhibited quick binding kinetic behavior, a high adsorption capacity (57.04 mg/g), and the specific recognition ability toward quercetin compared with structurally distinct compounds (selective factor > 2 ). The specific adsorption ability of quercetin by QMIP was further explained using computation simulation that molecules with non-planar 3D conformations hardly entered the molecularly imprinted cavities on QMIP. Finally, QMIP was successfully used for the specific extraction of quercetin and five other flavonol and flavonoid compounds in the crude extracts from Sapium sebiferum . This study proposes a new strategy to synthesize the molecularly imprinted polymer based on a single template for enriching and loading a certain class of active ingredients with similar core structures from variable botanicals.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
Zhanming Tang,Yanyan Miao,Huimin Lu,Chao Chen,Shiming Li,Wensheng Zhang
Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Xinhui Chenpi) , a representative product with a protected geographical indication from Xinhui District, Guangdong Province, China, is a dual-use medicinal and edible material and a traditional medicinal resource whose quality is traditionally believed to improve with prolonged aging. Increasing evidence indicates that the succession of surface microbial communities and their metabolic activities play pivotal roles in these transformations. This study systematically investigated Xinhui Chenpi aged 1–10 years to elucidate the dynamics of dominant fungal genera and experimentally verify their involvement in flavonoid transformation. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), third-generation full-length ITS sequencing (PacBio) , and strain isolation with culture assays were employed to characterize flavonoid profiles, fungal community succession, and the transformation capabilities of key isolates. Flavonoids exhibited a “degradation to resynthesis” trajectory, with polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) steadily accumulating throughout the aging process. Late-stage samples were dominated by the xerophilic genus Xeromyces (Aspergillaceae), which showed strong positive correlations with PMF enrichment, whereas correlations with Penicillium progressively declined over time. Importantly, Aspergillus tubingensis was isolated and confirmed to convert nobiletin into 3′-demethylnobiletin, providing direct mechanistic evidence for fungal-driven PMF structural modification. Community profiling further revealed that multiple Aspergillaceae genera ( Aspergillus , Penicillium , Xeromyces ) may participate in flavonoid transformation. These findings elucidate the microbial mechanisms underlying quality enhancement in aged Chenpi and provide a scientific basis for microbial-assisted optimization of modern aging processes, thereby offering theoretical support for the traditional principle that “aged Chenpi becomes more efficacious.”
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MOLECULES
·
2019
·Vol. 24
·期 24
·4603
·
IF 3.06
Min Li,Xin Chai,Luyao Wang,Jing Yang,Yuefei Wang
Artemisiae argyi Folium(AAF) is a popular herbal medicine that is always employed in moxa sticks and by oral dosage in clinical use. Less attention has been paid to nonvolatile compounds as active compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. In this study, we focused on the variation rule of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the various transformations ofArtemisiae argyi Folium. Using the established ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method with an excellent methodology under “spider-web” mode, six phenolic acids and three flavonoids were simultaneously quantified in fresh and dryingArtemisiae argyi Foliumas well as in moxa wool and residue. Some interesting phenomena about the variation rule of phenolic acids and flavonoids were uncovered. First, a sharp increase was observed in the detected compounds’ content as the moisture gradually decreased, when freshArtemisiae argyi Foliumwas exposed to sunlight and ambient or high temperature. Nevertheless, the increased phenolic acids were subjected to high temperature, leading to obvious degradation under oven-drying (60 °C and 80 °C). Second, a wide content distribution was revealed for the detected compounds inArtemisiae argyi Foliumfrom different habitats, especially rutin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, jaceosidin, eupatilin, and cryptochlorogenic acid. Third, accompanied by the elevated ratio ofArtemisiae argyi Folium/moxa wool, the detected compounds conspicuously decreased in moxa wool and the correspondingly removed powder as residue. Importantly, a greater variation was found in moxa wool. Our findings contribute to the optimization of the drying process, the quality evaluation of the various transformations ofArtemisiae argyi Folium, and the distinctive characterization of moxa wool produced at different ratios ofArtemisiae argyi Folium/moxa wool.Keywords:Artemisiae argyi Folium;moxa stick;moxa wool;phenolic acids;flavonoids
研究领域:
药理学
·
中药学
·
分析化学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 54
·期 10
·2854-2862
·
IF 2.281
Liu Aolu,Huang Baohua,Lei Lin,Lu Yu-Jing,Zhou Jin-Lin,Wong Wing-Leung
The rhamnosyl group of naringin dihydrochalcone, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, naringin and hesperidin was selectively removed by enzymatic hydrolysis using an immobilised α-L-rhamnosidase. Monoglycosylated products, including trilobatin, hesperetin dihydrochalcone-7-O-glucoside, prunin and hesperetin-7-O-glucoside, were isolated and characterised by 1H and 13C NMR and ESI-MS. To optimise the enzymatic reaction conditions and its process costs, the hydrolysis of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone to produce trilobatin was selected as a model reaction. Using a ratio of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone: immobilised α-L-rhamnosidase equal to 1:0.6, the trilobatin yields was over 98%. The recycle of enzyme was also investigated, obtaining trilobatin with a yields of 80% even when the twentieth reaction cycle was conducted. Moreover, antiradical and antimicrobial activities of the obtained flavonoid monoglucosides were examined by DPPH, FRAP and ORAC methods, and compared with the efficacy of parental flavonoid glycosides and their aglycone. The results highlight that some of the obtained flavonoid monoglucosides show significant improvement in the antioxidant activity.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 7.1
Jing Huang,Encun Du,Jiping Liu,Na Zhao,Wanzheng Guo,Fang Chen,Qiwen Fan,Wenjing Tao,Jiang Deng,Jintao Wei
Fermentation represents a sustainable bioprocess for upgrading the utilization value of underutilized agricultural by-products, such as mulberry branches and leaves (MBL). This study applied microbial-enzyme co-fermentation to MBL under simulated industrial conditions, using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Bacillus subtilis , and a composite enzyme cocktail, and analyzed dynamics in nutrients, bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, microbial communities, and flavonoid metabolites. Results showed that fermentation significantly improved nutritional profiles with CP content peaking at day 18 (17.93% relative to 14.30% unfermented MBL, 25.38% increase, p < 0.05) and fiber content reaching the lowest level at day 22 (NDF 49.99% relative to 57.07%, 12.41% reduction; ADF 28.90% relative to 30.45%, 5.09% reduction, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, antioxidant capacity was remarkably elevated, with the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate peaking at day 14 (138.94% increase, p < 0.05). Mechanistically, Lactiplantibacillus rapidly dominated the community and mediated the conversion of flavonoid glycosides to highly active aglycones via glycoside hydrolysis, which directly boosted antioxidant capacity; as fermentation proceeded, these aglycones were further modified to methoxylated flavonoids with improved structural stability. Overall, microbial-enzyme co-fermentation enhanced MBL’s nutritional and functional properties. Fermented MBL is a promising high-quality functional feed, alleviating food-feed competition and advancing sustainable circular agricultural bioeconomy.
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