ENERGY & FUELS
·
2014
·
IF 2.733
Zhenjian Jia,Hongyan Huang,Weixing Zhou,Fei Qi,Meirong Zeng
The pyrolysis mechanism of fuel under supercritical conditions is an important concern for developing regenerative cooling technology of advanced aircraft using hydrocarbon fuel as the primary coolant. n-Decane as a component of some jet fuels was studied at the temperature range from 773 to 943 K in a flow reactor under the pressure of 3, 4, and 5 MPa. Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry was used to analyze the pyrolysis products, which were mainly alkanes from C1–C9 and alkenes from C2–C9. A kinetic model containing 164 species and 842 reactions has been developed and validated by the experimental results including the distributions of products and the chemical heat sink of fuel. The decomposition pathways of n-decane were illustrated through the reaction flux analysis. It is concluded that the C4–C9 alkanes are mainly generated by the recombinations of alkyls, while the small alkanes (C1–C3) are formed by H-abstraction reactions by C1–C3 alkyl radicals. The applicability at supercritical pressure and high fuel concentration condition of previous models was discussed, and the performance of the present model in reproducing the experimental data is reasonably good.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
航空工程
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DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2013
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IF 2.206
Yan-Chao Qu,Zhi Wang,Qiang Lu,Ying Zhang
4-Vinylphenol is an important chemical that can be used as the monomer for the production of poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVPh). Currently, 4-vinylphenol was prepared by the dehydrogenation of 4-ethylphenol over chromia/alumina catalyst at 600 °C. In this study, a low-cost process involving low-temperature fast pyrolysis of biomass without any catalyst was developed to selectively produce 4-vinylphenol. Pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS) was used for the fast pyrolysis of bagasse, cornstalk, bamboo, rice husk, rice straw, cotton straw, and poplar wood to investigate the effects of different materials on the selectivity of 4-vinylphenol. It was found that some of the herbaceous materials, such as bagasse, cornstalk, and bamboo, were suitable for the production of 4-vinylphenol, whereas woody materials were not applicable. The effects of temperature on 4-vinylphenol production were also investigated. 4-Vinylphenol contents of up to 7 and 20 wt % were achieved at 300 °C from bagasse and bagasse EMAL, respectively. For the first time, 4-vinylphenol was separated from the pyrolysis oil obtained by the fast pyrolysis of bagasse using a benchtop unit, and its structure was confirmed by various methods. Additionally, it was verified that 4-vinylphenol could be produced from compounds with a β-5 linkage, and a possible mechanism for the generation of 4-vinylphenol from a lignin model compound with a β-5 linkage is proposed.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生能源
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DOI
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·e2456
·
IF 1.06
Peng Liu,Yue Wang,Zhengzhong Zhou,Haoran Yuan,Tao Zheng
Pyrolysis gas release behaviour, including hydrogen, CH 4 , CO and CO 2 from pine pyrolysis, is collected from fixed bed reactor and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Pyrolysis tar composition is monitored using GC coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC–MS). The gas generation mechanism of catalytic pyrolysis on alumina is elaborated. The carbon structure of char is quantitatively determined by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C-NMR) using curve-fitting methods. The results show influence of alumina on gas fuel production is mainly embodied in absorption and catalytic effect. Steam reforming reaction to gas fuel is accelerated with alumina added during pine pyrolysis. Alumina addition accelerates the decomposition of carbonate and side chains of aromatic ring in lignin below 500°C and prolong the residence time of second pyrolysis. The CH 4 release rate reaches to peak value at 500°C during pyrolysis. The H 2 increases from 98.95 to 120.19 ml/g with mass ratio of 1/4 (alumina/pine). The CO release rate has a certain increment with the alumina added. These data are the foundation for putting forward a new direction for the reuse of organic and industrial solid wastes enriched with alumina to achieve the goal on energy regeneration.
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DOI
高影响因子
Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects
·
2016
·
IF 0.455
Baoxia Li,Wenjuan Wei
In order to investigate the role of the lignin in the co-pyrolysis process of the sludge and the cellulose, the co-pyrolysis process was carried out in a thermogravimetry analyzer. The result shows that when the proportion of the sludge:cellulose:lignin was 1:1:0.4, the main co-pyrolysis temperature range was narrower, the ultimate pyrolysis weight loss was more, and the synergistic effect had a longer duration time. When the pyrolysis temperature was below 400°C, the addition of the lignin could promote the co-pyrolysis process of the cellulose and the sludge, such as the decrease of the activation energy E.
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DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Guanglin Dong,Yinhai Su,Yunwei Zhang,Gang Wu,Huiyan Zhang
Catalytic pyrolysis for the targeted production of renewable phenol—which serves as a crucial oxygenated fuel additive for upgrading bio-oil stability and a key platform chemical in modern biorefineries—represents a vital pathway for advanced biomass valorization. Yet, the rapid deactivation of catalysts remains a critical bottleneck hindering its industrial bioenergy application. This study employs phosphoric acid-activated carbon (P-AC) as a solid acid catalyst to systematically explore the process conditions and multi-dimensional deactivation mechanism of phenol production from cellulose pyrolysis, with optimal phenol selectivity achieved at 500 °C and a catalyst-to-feedstock mass ratio of 1.0. Catalyst deactivation arises from the synergy of physical pore blockage and chemical degradation: physically, coke deposition acts as non-selective “blanketing” of pore channels, inducing proportional and systemic degradation of the entire pore structure; chemically, TPD and XPS correlative analyses confirm that medium-strong acid sites composed of C-O-PO 3 and C-PO 3 functional groups are critical to catalytic performance, and their loss not only blocks the main phenol formation pathway but also triggers the reoccurrence of upstream intermediates (e.g., ketones, furans) and activates downstream side reactions forming pyrans and esters, ultimately resulting in systemic deterioration of the entire catalytic reaction network. This work provides novel theoretical insights into understanding the complex deactivation behavior of carbon-based catalysts and designing targeted regeneration strategies.
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DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2024
·
IF 4.9
Junjie Zhang,Yansheng Wu,Wenran Gao,Li Zhang
Sulfur-nitrogen co-doped graphene was one of the most promising materials in advanced nonradical oxidation . However, the preparation complexity and low sulfur-nitrogen content greatly hindered its practical application. Herein, sulfur-nitrogen rich graphene (SNRG) was prepared via a one-step supramolecular pyrolysis . The obtained SNRG possessed a N content up to 19.71 at%, in accompanying with S content of 0.77 at%. It, thus, could effectively activate peroxymonosulfate to degrade diverse organic pollutants . The catalytic reaction could conduct in wide temperature (5–45°C) and pH (2.17–9.71) ranges. Also, it could effectively degrade organic pollutants at the existence common matrix species and different natural water matrix. Electron paramagnetic resonance and quenching experiments confirmed that singlet oxygen was the main reactive specie for organics degradation. Peroxymonosulfate donated electron to the sulfur-nitrogen active site in SNRG and followingly decomposed into singlet oxygen for organics degradation. Our work developed a facile methodology for the construction of sulfur-nitrogen rich carbonaceous materials for a wide range of applications.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Qingbo Zhu,Bingzhi Liu,Zhihong Hu,Shuyao Chen,Qiang Xu,Zhandong Wang
Tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) is a promising green propellant that has been studied as a substitute for hydrazine. An in-depth study of the TMEDA thermal decomposition mechanism is important for future applications in engines. In this work, pyrolysis experiments of TMEDA were carried out in an atmospheric jet-stirred reactor (JSR) from 610 to 1000 K. Abundant intermediate species were analyzed and quantified by synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry (SVUV-PIMS) and gas chromatography (GC). The results show that the pyrolysis of TMEDA mainly produces hydrocarbons, amines, imines , and nitriles , among which HCN and C 2 H 5 N are the main nitrogen-containing intermediates. Based on the experimental results, a detailed chemical kinetic model for describing the thermal decomposition of TMEDA was updated to improve predictions. The updated model can satisfactorily predict the consumption of TMEDA and the generation of most intermediates. Furthermore, detailed experimental measurements combined with kinetic analysis are used to clarify the decomposition reaction pathways of TMEDA. The rate of production (ROP) analysis indicates that unimolecular C-C bond dissociation is one of the leading consumption pathways of TMEDA, forming the (CH 3 ) 2 NCH 2 radical. In addition, the H-atom abstraction reactions involving CH 3 radicals formed by the C-N bond dissociation of (CH 3 ) 2 NCH 2 radicals further promote the consumption of TMEDA. Sensitivity analysis highlights that the unimolecular C-C bond dissociation reaction of TMEDA and the reactions involving CH 3 radicals mainly control the pyrolysis behavior of TMEDA. The detailed experimental results and kinetic analysis in this work are expected to contribute valuable references to further research on the combustion mechanism of TMEDA.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 48
·期 22
·10177-10188
·
IF 2.7
Hao Dang,Lu Wang,Yuanyou Peng,Lei Zhao,Yuan Li,Xiaoya Kang,Fen Ran
Vanadium nitride is a typical pseudocapacitive material that has attracted much attention among electrode materials as a result of its high theoretical capacity and wide voltage window. Nevertheless, its poor rate capability, cycling stability, and dissolution in alkaline electrolytes have restricted its practical applications. In this work, these problems are addressed by utilizing melamine-assisted pyrolysis and a dual-carbon composite strategy. A structurally controllable clustered shuttle vanadium-MOF is selected as the precursor. By subjecting it to high-temperature pyrolysis, melamine-derived carbon is coated on the surface of the vanadium-MOF, resulting in the formation of vanadium nitride-doped carbon electrode materials. Interestingly, they have a capacity of 407.5 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, with a capacity retention of 82.02% and a Coulombic efficiency of 80.59% after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 3 A g−1. When assembled into a device, the device shows a power density of 775 W kg−1 and an energy density of 39.29 W h kg−1. It is worth noting that the energy density reaches 15.82 W h kg−1 when the maximum power density of 3, 875 W kg−1 is attained. These anode materials have broad applications in energy storage systems, providing an innovative approach to developing new materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
·
2022
·
IF 5.089
Zhengjie Li,Chen Ma,Miao Qi,Yunlong Li,Yanchao Qu,Ying Zhang,Lilong Zhou,Jimmy Yun
Nano CeO 2 (CeMOF) maintaining the primary micromorphology and pore structure of MOFs was successfully synthesized by controlled pyrolysis of UiO-66(Ce) in air. CeMOFs showed excellent activity for catalytic combustion of VOCs, including toluene, benzene and xylene. The results showed that the T 10% , T 50% and T 90% of toluene over CeMOF were 185, 198 and 206 ℃ (GHSV = 22500 h −1 , toluene concentration = 1000 ppm), respectively, which are the lowest among ever reported ceria catalysts. According to various characterization results, the high catalytic activity of CeMOF can be ascribed to its neat pore structure and high percentage of Ce with low chemical valence. The latter leads to massive surface oxygen species and oxygen vacancies which provides abundant oxidative sites for VOCs. The low-temperature reducibility and multiple weakly acidic sites also enhanced the catalytic activity. In addition, CeMOF shows good ability to resist H 2 O and thermal stability. The in-situ DRIFTs study of CeMOF shows toluene is degraded by continuous stages through quick conversion of toluene to benzaldehyde and adsorbed benzoate, and forms CO 2 and H 2 O at last.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Energy & Environment
·
2022
·
IF 3.154
Fei Liu,Weiguang Shi,Tianbao Liu,Wei Li,Liang Sun,Xiangbin Liu,Changming Zhao,Benxian Li,Sunhua Deng,Zhaohui Dong,Chengwu Xu,Xiaofei Fu,Xiuling Yan
Oil shale kerogen is a kind of composite nature of fossil energy polymer. Kerogen pyrolysis is a feasible and alternative strategy to produce fossil fuels from shales. However, the disadvantages including the high energy consumption, the high cost, and the low hydrocarbon conversion, significantly hinder the development and utilization of unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Herein, the hexagonal crystal structural layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with the Ni/Fe ratio of 5.64:2.36 is proposed as pyrolysis catalyst to improve the catalytic efficiency, the selectivity of target hydrocarbons, and lower the temperature for the process of kerogen pyrolysis. As a result, needle-like nanoscale NiFe-LDHs are prepared successfully to perform the fast thermal upgrading of Balikun oil shale kerogen. The catalytic pyrolysis performance has been observed that the temperature for maximum conversion (Tmax) is 401.18 °C, presenting a Tmax reduction of 37.84 °C, the yield of shale oil is increased by 7.83 wt%. And during 350°C– 400°C, a progressive increment of 147.67%, 230.86%, and 310.61% is obtained corresponding to the content of C1-C5, C6-C14, and C14 + hydrocarbons, respectively. This finding enriches the catalyst candidates for kerogen pyrolysis and provides new insights into industrial applications of in-situ pyrolysis technology for oil shale recovery processes.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
石油工程
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 11
·2298
·
IF 3.7
Yang Zhao,Mengying Cheng,Siyu Liu,You Wang,Zikun Feng,Wanshi Gu,Yunfeng Guan,Jin Liu,Liya Ma
Fundamental understanding of the biomass pyrolysis process on a molecular level provides important guidelines for designing advanced porous carbon materials. In this study, the effects of KOH and K2CO3activators on the thermal decomposition of agarose were elucidated using TG-FTIR-GCMS coupling techniques. The results demonstrate that the presence of KOH/K2CO3shifts the pyrolysis gaseous products from organic fragments to CO2and H2O, thereby preserving more C-C bonds in the solid phase and facilitating the subsequent aromatization process. Furthermore, compared to using KOH as the sole activator, the K2CO3/KOH co-activation strategy suppresses the violent evolution of CO2within the 300–400 °C range, thereby alleviating the structural shock to the material skeleton and ensuring its integrity. Therefore, the HPC-KCO prepared via a synergistic KOH/K2CO3co-activation and one-step carbonization process exhibits a high specific surface area of 1670 m2g−1and successfully retains its interconnected hierarchical porous framework. Benefiting from its well-developed porous structure, HPC-KCO exhibits an impressive specific capacitance of 370 F g−1when employed in zinc-ion capacitors. Furthermore, the assembled symmetric supercapacitor demonstrates robust stability over a wide temperature range from −60 to 100 °C, delivering a remarkable capacitance of 121 F g−1even at −60 °C. This work offers a new insight for synthesizing porous structures of biomass-derived carbon.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Mingda Hua,Yang Cao,Meilan Zhang,Haiyan Zhou,Shicheng Zhang
As a hazardous pollutant, ammonia (NH 3 ) poses significant environmental and health risks. This study synthesized multifunctional NH 3 -adsorption biochar through co-pyrolysis of food waste digestate (FWD) and wood waste (WW), focusing on the physicochemical properties of derived biochar and their contributions to NH 3 adsorption. The optimized conditions enabled biochar with tunable production yields (25.8-67.9 wt%) and enhanced porosity (specific surface area reaching up to 331 m 2 /g). Thermogravimetric mass spectrometry combined with multiple spectral analyses uncovered a three-stage devolatilization process and tracked the structural transformations of the resultant biochar. Additionally, acid washing was applied to selectively remove surface-bound metallic salts from high-ash-content FWD-WW co-pyrolysis biochar, thereby liberating more active sites. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equilibrium models were systematically applied to evaluate the NH 3 adsorption performance of the biochar with/without modification, revealing a maximum adsorption capacity of 124.2 mg/g at 25 °C (1 bar). Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics indicated that NH 3 adsorption occurred predominantly via spontaneous physisorption, enhanced by chemisorption at Brønsted acid sites (-COOH/Si-OH) and Lewis acid sites (Fe 3+ /Al 3+ ). This study demonstrates a waste-to-adsorbent strategy through controlled co-pyrolysis and surface engineering for sustainable air pollution mitigation.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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