ENERGY & FUELS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Haixuan Gao,Chuanhe Ma,Jinhui Zhang,Jinchun Jiang,Ye Chen,Lin Sun,Hailong Wang
In the prior art of CZTSSe solar cells, the traditional cadmium salt (Cd-salt) CdSO4 is widely considered as a common raw material for preparing CdS buffer layers. However, in this study, we systematically demonstrated the phase structure and transmission spectra improvement effect of the other three types of Cd-salts, Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2, and CdAc2, on the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction (HJT) compared to CdSO4. CZTSSe/CdS HJT prepared by Cd(NO3)2 showed the strongest CdS phonon characteristic peaks at 295.9 and 597.6 cm–1, indicating a pure crystal phase. The transmittance of CdS films prepared by Cd(NO3)2 is 20–35% higher than the other three Cd-salts in the light range of 350–1000 nm, which effectively improved the band gap of the films (2.41 eV) and depressed the photon absorption and scattering. Accordingly, CZTSSe solar cells based on the aforementioned Cd-salts showed that Cd(NO3)2 possessed the best ability to improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE), about 5.7% more than the traditional CdSO4 salt. After Sn2+ replaced by Sn4+ in the precursor solution, the PCE of CZTSSe solar cells using Cd(NO3)2 exceeded 10% (Total area = 0.21 cm2, PCE = 10.23%, VOC = 0.485 V, JSC = 31.4 mA/cm2, FF = 67.1%, without MgF2 antireflective layer).
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Progress in Natural Science-Materials International
·
2025
·
IF 7.1
Jie Li,Zhangyue Zheng,Yuehong Huang,Liu He,Hongying Guo,Chunzheng Wu,Wei Liu,Weiwei Huan
The serious problems caused by water contamination call for efficient treatment. The catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by NaBH 4 in solution is a convenient way to convert 4-NP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP), which is a precious intermediate for manufacturing of important materials such as pharmaceuticals. In the present study, the Co modified MoS 2 supported Au nanoparticles (Au/Co-MoS 2 ) is proved to be an efficient catalyst for the reduction of 4-NP. With the introduction of cobalt, the catalytic activity is improved obviously compared to Au/MoS 2 . When Co:Mo is 2:8 (mol), the Au/CoMoS 2 (2/8) catalyst exhibits the highest activity. The kinetics of the catalytic reactions were studied by the plot of ln(C t /C 0 ) against reaction time and the k app for Au/CoMoS 2 (2/8) is 1.063 min −1 . The characterization of the catalysts shows that the addition of cobalt can create more crystal defects, promote the exposure of active edge sites, facilitate the surface of catalysts to be more reactive.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yuan Zhang,Kangping Cui,Xueyan Liu,Minshu Cui,Xing Chen,Yuchao Tang,Haiyang Li,Kun Wang
In order to improve the photocatalytic activity of pristine carbon nitride while maintaining its metal-free property to achieve the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), a series of carbon-doped g-C 3 N 4 (BCN) with different carbon contents were synthesized in this paper by adding benzotriazole to urea. The catalyst obtained by this approach significantly promoted PMS activation and enhanced the degradation efficiency of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). Experiments and theoretical calculations showed that the introduction of carbon not only narrowed the band gap, but also accelerated the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, which greatly improved the photocatalytic activity of g-C 3 N 4 . In the degradation of pollutants, free radicals and non-free radicals acted simultaneously, with non-free radicals playing a dominant role. This study explained the origin of 1 O 2 by Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, visible light excited photocatalysts to form holes, while carbon introduction decreased the valence-electron density around the area, inducing electron transfer from PMS toward g-C 3 N 4 directed to generate 1 O 2 . The 1 O 2 -dominated degradation process improved the application of the catalysts in complex aqueous matrices. In addition, we proposed 4-CP degradation pathways, and the toxicity of intermediates derived from 4-CP degradation process reduced.
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AICHE JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 3.5
Guimei Zhou,Wenjun Yan,Shufan Yan,Dandan Gao,Debin Zeng,Dongdong Li,Dewen Zeng
Solvent extraction of lithium by β-diketones from alkaline brine has been known to be an efficient process. However, its relatively high working pH, consequently the high alkaline consumption and substantial dissolution loss in raffinate, limit its industrial application. Herein, a novel lithium extractant, i.e., 2-hydroxy-5-nitro-4- n -octoxy-benzophenone (referred to as N531), was proposed, which can extract lithium at relatively lower pH with remarkable low alkaline consumption and dissolution loss. Exactly, the pH corresponding to half lithium extraction is 8.5, and the Li/Na separation factor is ~500. The extractant concentration in the raffinate varied from 0.8 to 9.3 mg L −1 , depending on the pH and salinity. An application case was given to extract lithium from the raw brine of Zabuye salt lake, indicating that N531 is a commercially prospective extractant to extract lithium from alkaline brine.
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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Xiangyang Zhao,Lingling Wang,Yawei Wang,Xingyu Zhang,Rong Fang,Yue Zhou,Rui Guo,Xintong Zhang,Yichun Liu
Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells are considered a promising new type of film cell, due to their rich elemental reservation and excellent photovoltaic performance. However, the deleterious defects at the heterojunction interface severely hinder charge transport, separation, and extraction, significantly limiting the photovoltaic performance of CZTSSe solar cells. In this study, a simple method involving the incorporation of Cd 2+ and Ag + dual-ion at the heterojunction interface was proposed to reduce interfacial defects. The results showed that Cd 2+ and Ag + dual-ion interface deposition effectively reduced the [2Cu zn + Sn zn ] harmful defects near the heterojunction interface and subsequently reduced the number of recombination centers in the interface. This led to improved carrier recombination at the interface. Meanwhile, the devices achieved a wider depletion width, which was more favorable for carrier collection. Ultimately, the conversion efficiency increased by 32.81 %. This simple interface dual-ion deposition strategy offers a promising strategy for further enhancing the efficiency of CZTSSe cells.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Xinyu Guo,Chuchu Chen,Huan Jiao,Wenjuan Wu,Yongcan Jin,Zhiqiang Liang,Bo Jiang
Lignin-based carbon materials constructed by additive manufacturing are at the forefront for energy and environment research due to the abundant carbon element, low-cost, and sustainable features of lignin. Yet the uncontrollable rheological behavior and rigid structure often lead to lignin being used as an additive and the amount is very low, impeding its efficient application. Herein, we developed a low-cost direct ink writing strategy to fabricate 3D scaffolds with high lignin content (over 80 %). The printed filaments display excellent self-supporting capacity and keep intact even subjected to carbonization. As a proof of concept, the branches-leaves-inspired Pd/TiO 2 hierarchical photocatalyst was further decorated on the carbonized scaffolds for efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Combined the controllable macro- and micro-structure of the scaffolds, the high light harvesting ability and specific surface area of Pd/TiO 2 hierarchical structure, the carbon-based catalyst demonstrates outstanding photocatalytic reduction activity to 4-nitrophenol, with the turnover frequency value up to 8.73 min −1 , much higher than most other carbon-based catalysts. The developed carbon-based hierarchical photocatalyst also shows good catalytic stability and reusability. This facile and scalable high content lignin 3D printing technique opens a new avenue to fabricate lignin-based carbon materials for widespread applications.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Yue Zhou,Wenjun Li,Hongjun Hu,Zhaohui Wang,Zhaoliang Cui
The membrane aeration biofilm reactor (MABR) represents an innovative approach to wastewater treatment, integrating gas separation membranes with biofilm process and demonstrating effectiveness in treating wastewater rich in ammonia nitrogen. In this system, hollow fiber membranes are essential, serving as a substrate for biofilm attachment while facilitating oxygen transfer to microorganisms through aeration, hydrophobic microporous membranes are utilized in MABR applications. This study focuses on the use of poly-4-methyl-1-pentene (PMP) hollow fiber membranes, which exhibit superior oxygen permeation capabilities compared to traditional hydrophobic microporous membranes. To overcome the challenges posed by the hydrophobic nature and low bubble point of PMP microporous membranes, a hydrophilic modification was conducted using dopamine/poly(ethyleneimine) (DOPA/PEI) co-deposition to enhance microbial adhesion on the membrane surface. The composite membrane modified with DOPA/PEI exhibited an approximately 20% higher NH 4 + -N removal efficiency than the unmodified membrane. These findings suggest that the incorporation of DOPA/PEI significantly improves MABR performance, underscoring its potential for further research and development in membrane technology for MABR.
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CELLULOSE
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Zhao Yao,Wang Xueping,Li Bowen,Si Tian,Gao Xin,Peng Lincai,Zhang Heng
The cellulose catalytic oxidation system mainly comprises inorganic ion-based oxidants. Hence, the selective oxidation of C 6- primary hydroxy groups (C 6 -OH) of cellulose, catalyzed by piperidine free radicals, was limited to the homogeneous cellulosic system containing protic solvents or heterogeneous system. In this work, the use of the catalytic system containing 4-acetamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (4-AcNH-TEMPO) was extended to the cellulosic solution in N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and combined with chlorine dioxide. Results showed that the carboxyl content was 0.832 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the degree of polymerization decreased from 900 to 489. This study provides an effective route for the homogeneous selective oxidation of primary hydroxy groups in cellulose and explored its oxidation mechanism in DMAc solvent. Furthermore, studies showed that the reactive chlorine species- ClO·, Cl·, and ClO 2 played a crucial role in the oxidation process. The methodology developed here displayed great potential to be utilized to various biomolecules in aprotic solvents homogeneous system based on 4-AcNH-TEMPO as oxidation catalysts.
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REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Huage Liu
Thirdhand smoke (THS), a residual cigarette smoke still remaining in indoor environment long after active smoking has ceased, has aroused more and more people’s attention on health. However, the impact of THS exposure on the male reproductive system, particularly in in-vivo study, remain unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the adverse effects of 1-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridinyl)-4-butanal (NNA), a special component in THS, on testis. Herein, adult ICR mice were orally administered diluted dimethylsulfoxide (control), 0.075 μg/kg and 0.15 μg/kg NNA for 10 weeks. The findings revealed that NNA exposure, especially in 0.15 μg/kg dosage, significantly reduced the epithelium height and tubular area within the testis. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that NNA exposure interfered with the expression of genes associated with oxygen transport and oxygen binding processes, such as Hbb-bs , the downregulation of which also led to oxidative damage. Additionally, NNA exposure induced oxidative damage in testis by decreased levels of SOD and GSH enzymes, along with an increase in MDA level. In summary, our results demonstrate that NNA exposure causes impaired testicular structure and oxidative damage, indicating its testicular toxicity. This finding not only implies the detrimental effect of NNA on male reproduction, but also provides a fundamental basis for further research on the impact of THS exposure on male reproductive health.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2010
·Vol. 169
·期 1
·87-92
·
IF 2.648
Yin Huanshun,Zhou Yunlei,Ai Shiyun,Liu Xianggang,Zhu Lusheng,Lu Linan
A glassy carbon electrode was modified with hydroxyapatite nanopowder (HA-NP) and characterized in terms of electrochemical oxidation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) via cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and chronocoulumetry. The oxidation peak current of 4-NP at the modified electrode was increased (compared to the bare GCE), thus indicating that the HA-NP exhibits a remarkable enhancement effect on the electrochemical oxidation of 4-NP. The effects of loading with HA-NP, pH value, scan rate and accumulation time were examined. The oxidation peak current of 4-NP is proportional to its concentration in the range from 1.0 μM to 300 μM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996. The detection limit is 0.6 μM (at an S/N = 3). The method is simple, selective and sensitive. It was successfully applied to the determination of 4-NP in water samples, with recoveries ranging from 96% to 104%.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Ya-Lan Deng,Chun-Li Hu,Jiang-Gao Mao
The π-conjugated [C3H6+xN6]x+ (x = 0–3) cations are good functional groups, which are widely employed in the preparations of nonlinear optical (NLO) and birefringent materials due to their high hyperpolarizability and optical anisotropy. In this paper, the first melamine hydroxyborate [C3H7N6]3[B3O5(OH)2] (MelBO-I) was synthesized by the boric acid melting method under the molar ratio of H3BO3:C3H6N6 = 1:1. MelBO-I (P21/c) exhibits a two-dimensional (2D) {[C3H7N6]3[B3O5(OH)2]}∞ layer composed of [C3H7N6]+ cations and [B3O5(OH)2]3– anions interconnected via hydrogen bonds. MelBO-I exhibits significant birefringence (Δn = 0.286@546 nm). Under the molar ratio of H3BO3/C3H6N6 = 3:1, [C3H8N6]4[B12O19(OH)6] (MelBO-II) was isolated. In MelBO-II (P21), highly polymerized [B12O19(OH)6]8– groups form a 3D network through hydrogen bonding, featuring 1D tunnels of 8-membered and 16-membered rings filled by [C3H8N6]2+ cations. MelBO-II is the first noncentrosymmetric (NCS) bifunctional melamine borate with a moderate SHG response (0.4 × KDP) and large birefringence (Δn = 0.285@546 nm). The results indicate that incorporating [C3H6+xN6]x+ (x = 0–3) cations into borate can effectively induce birefringence. A high concentration of boric acid promotes the formation of large boric acid cluster anions and facilitates the transformation from the CS to NCS structure.
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Small
·
2024
·
IF 13
Jinfeng Zheng,Yu Qiu,Shengnan Liao,Zhihao Yue,Shan Fang,Naigen Zhou,Yong Li,Yinzhu Jiang
Building a stable cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) is crucial for achieving high-performance layered metal oxide cathode materials LiNi x Co y Mn 1-x-y O 2 (NCM). In this work, a novel 4-fluorobenzene isocyanate (4-FBC) electrolyte additive that contains isocyanate and benzene ring functional groups is proposed, which can form robust and homogeneous N-rich and benzene ring skeleton CEI film on the cathode surface, leading to significant improvement in the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries. Taking LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 (NCM523) as an example, the NCM523/SiO@Graphite pouch full cells with electrolytes containing a mass fraction of 1% 4-FBC additives demonstrate improved capacity retention after 200 cycles, retaining capacity retention rates of 81.3%, which is much higher than that of 39.1% without additive. The improvement can be ascribed to the mitigation of electrolyte decomposition and inhibition of transition metal ions the dissolution from the cathode material due to the stable CEI film. Moreover, the electrochemical performance enhancement can also be achieved in high voltage and Ni-rich cathode materials, indicating the universality and effectiveness of this strategy for the practical applications of high energy density lithium-ion batteries.
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