Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 3
·577
·
IF 3.426
Qiaoling Wang,Kaimin Chen,Yi Qu,Kai Li,Ying Zhang,Enyu Fu
Currently, it is an ongoing challenge to develop fluorescent nanosphere detectors that are uniform, non-toxic, stable and bearing a large number of functional groups on the surface for further applications in a variety of fields. Here, we have synthesized hairy nanospheres (HNs) with different particle sizes and a content range of carboxyl groups from 4 mmol/g to 9 mmol/g. Based on this, hairy fluorescent nanospheres (HFNs) were prepared by the traditional coupling method (TCM) or adsorption-induced coupling method (ACM). By comparison, it was found that high brightness HFNs are fabricated based on HNs with poly (acrylic acid) brushes on the surface via ACM. The fluorescence intensity of hairy fluorescent nanospheres could be controlled by tuning the content of 5-aminofluorescein (5-AF) or the carboxyl groups of HNs easily. The carboxyl content of the HFNs could be as high as 8 mmol/g for further applications. The obtained HFNs are used for the detection of heavy metal ions in environmental pollution. Among various other metal ions, the response to Cu (II) is more obvious. We demonstrated that HFNs can serve as a selective probe and for the separation and determination of Cu(II) ions with a linear range of 0–0.5 μM and a low detection limit of 64 nM.
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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 6
·1-12
·
IF 4.357
Meng Fanling,Xia Yunxue,Zhang Jianshuai,Qiu Dong,Chu Yaozhu,Tang Yuanyuan
Chromium slag usually contains various heavy metals, making its safe treatment difficult. Glass-ceramic sintering has been applied to resolve this issue and emerged as an effective method for metal immobilization by incorporating heavy metals into stable crystal structures. Currently, there is limited knowledge about the reaction pathways adopted by multiple heavy metals and the co-stabilization functions of the crystal structure. To study the Cu/Cr co-stabilization mechanisms during thermal treatment, a simulated system was prepared using a mixture with a molar ratio of Al 2 O 3 :Fe 2 O 3 :Cr 2 O 3 : CuO = 1:1:1:3. The samples were sintered at temperatures 600–1300°C followed by intensive analysis of phase constitutions and microstructure development. A spinel phase (CuFe x Al y Cr 2− x − y O 4 ) started to generate at 700°C and the incorporation of Cu/Cr into the spinel largely complete at 900°C, although the spinel peak intensity continued increasing slightly at temperatures above 900°C. Fe 2 O 3 /Cr 2 O 3 was more easily incorporated into the spinel at lower temperatures, while more Al 2 O 3 was gradually incorporated into the spinel at higher temperatures. Additionally, sintered sample microstructures became more condensed and smoother with increased sintering temperature. Cu / Cr leachability substantially decreased after Cu/Cr incorporation into the spinel phase at elevated temperatures. At 600°C, the leached ratios for Cu and Cr were 6.28% and 0.65%, respectively. When sintering temperature was increased to 1300°C, the leached ratios for all metal components in the system were below 0.2%. This study proposes a sustainable method for managing Cu/Cr co-exist slag at reasonable temperatures.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2016
·
IF 2.628
Li Liu,Na Tian,Long Huang,Yu-Hao Hong,Ai-Yun Xie,Feng-Yang Zhang,Chi Xiao,Zhi-You Zhou,Shi-Gang Sun
The modification of oxide-derived Cu electrode with Ni, Zn, and Au was examined to improve the catalytic activity of CO 2 electroreduction. The experimental results showed that Ni modification increased the Faraday efficiency of the formation of formic acid and n -propanol. The Faraday efficiency relating to the formation of the liquid products was as high as 34.3% at −1.5 V versus the saturated calomel electrode reference potential. In contrast, modification with Zn reduced the formic acid formation efficiency but enhanced the alcohol formation efficiency. Finally, modification with Au suppressed the selectivity toward the formation of both formic acid and alcohols.
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RSC Advances
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 28
·16984-16990
·
IF 3.108
Jian-Min Zhu,Tian Xia,Kang-Kang Yan,Wei-Jui Chang,Xue-Gang Chen,Ying Ye,Ping-Ping Zhang
LiFePO4 is an effective battery material which has gained global focus. In this study, we prepared a novel Cu+-doped Li[Fe0.9Cu0.1Li0.1]PO4/C cathode material via a carbothermal reduction method using glucose as carbon source. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Rietveld refinement on the samples are consistent with the orthorhombic phase and showed that the substituting Cu+ ions and excess Li+ ions occupy the Fe sites. The micro-morphology of the samples indicates that Cu+ doping can decrease the particle size and maintain the crystal structure of LiFePO4/C. XP spectra confirmed that the surface oxidation states of Fe and Cu are +2 and +1, respectively. The as-prepared Li[Fe0.9Cu0.1Li0.1]PO4/C composite exhibits enhanced initial discharge capacity (148.8 mA h g−1) compared to the un-doped LiFePO4/C. The discharge capacity remains at 149.8 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles at a rate of 0.2C, which displayed an excellent cycling stability. Furthermore, the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) results showed that the Cu+-doped LiFePO4/C composite exhibits a higher lithium-ion diffusion coefficient and lower charge transfer resistance than the undoped counterparts. This study presents a novel Cu+-doped LiFePO4/C cathode material with enhanced electrochemical properties, which could be potentially applied as a battery material.
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IONICS
·
2020
·Vol. 27
·期 2
·657-666
·
IF 2.394
Hu Guorong,Liu Yanhua,Li Wei,Peng Zhongdong,Wu Jiahui,Xue Zhichen,Shi You,Fan Ju,Sun Qian,Cao Yanbing,Du Ke
P2-type Na 0.67 Ni 0.25 Mn 0.75 O 2 is considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to its high initial capacity and operating voltage based on the Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ redox reaction. However, it suffers from rapid capacity decay caused by P2–O2 phase transition when the cutoff voltage is above 4.2 V (vs. Na + /Na). Herein, a high-voltage phase transition from P2 to an amorphous phase with poor crystallinity has been proved to be the main cause of material deterioration and Mn redox process is another cause. Cu-substituted Na 0.67 (Ni 0.25 Mn 0.75 ) 1−x Cu x O 2 ( x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) with active redox couples of Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ and Cu 2+ /Cu 3+ has been fabricated for solving these issues. It is proved that Cu substitution can reduce the Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ reaction below 3 V (vs. Na + /Na) and suppress the high-voltage phase transition effectively at deep de-sodiated state, resulting in the significantly enhanced cycle life and rate capability of Na 0.67 Ni 0.25 Mn 0.75 O 2 .
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Hanjun Zhang,Jing Chen,Yuxin Shi,Yaoyue Yang,Xiaole Jiang
Regulating the local microenvironment of metal centers represents an effective yet challenging approach to enhance the catalytic performance of atomically dispersed transition metal-nitrogen-carbon (M–N–C) catalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, atomically dispersed Cu–N–C catalysts featuring with adjustable carbon vacancies/defects concentrations (Cu–N–C V –X) are fabricated using a simple molten-salt-assisted pyrolysis strategy. The optimized catalyst (Cu–N–C V -1000) exhibits superior ORR catalytic performance with a half-wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.89 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a turnover frequency ( TOF ) of 5.01 e site -1 s −1 at 0.85 V, surpassing Pt/C and most recently reported single-atom catalysts. Theoretical calculations confirm that defects adjacent to Cu–N 3 site downshift the d-band center of active sites, facilitating the desorption of *OH intermediate and thereby significantly enhancing the ORR kinetics. Consequently, the Cu–N–C V -1000-based zinc-air battery (ZAB) delivers a peak power density of 175.0 mW cm −2 along with a high discharge specific capacity of 819.4 mA g -1 Zn . This work confirms that the deliberate creation of suitable defects is an effective approach to optimize the intrinsic ORR activity of atomic M–N x sites, providing new insights into the rational design of high-performance catalysts for practical metal-air batteries.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS
·
2025
·
IF 2
Lei Zhao,Xiaotong Dong,Haigang Zhou,Xu Wei,Zichao Yin,Zhikun Wang,Songqing Hu
To tackle the critical and multifaceted challenges of metal corrosion in oil and gas operations, a novel green corrosion inhibitor—copper-doped carbon dots (CuCDs)—was synthesized. The results demonstrate that CuCDs exhibit superior corrosion inhibition efficiency (84.20% at 150 mg/L) compared to non-copper-doped carbon dots (NCDs, 70.22% at 200 mg/L), with statistical significance confirmed by triplicate experiments (p < 0.05). Notably, CuCDs also show exceptional antibacterial activity against sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), achieving an 88% sterilization rate, which significantly mitigates microbial-induced corrosion. Electrochemical and surface analysis revealed that CuCDs form a denser protective layer on N80 steel, attributed to synergistic chemical and physical adsorption mechanisms. These findings highlight the dual-functional potential of CuCDs as a sustainable solution for simultaneous corrosion and microbial control in oilfield applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Lisong Zhong,Ying Li,Lirong Zheng,Jian Sun,Zhaohui Jin,Linqi Shi,Pengcheng Zhao,Baoyu Qi,Liu Yang,Zhongwei Chen
The development of highly active and robust non-noble-metal catalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is imperative for industrial anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE). Herein, we construct a hierarchically multiphase heterostructure via a customized reduction strategy, featuring uniformly dispersed Cu and Ni metallic phases anchored onto a conductive isolated MoO 2 substrate (Cu/Ni@MoO 2 ). The catalyst achieves an ultralow overpotential of 140.7 mV at 1 A cm −2 in 1 M KOH, coupled with ampere-level operational stability exceeding 2000 h without degradation. In-situ Raman spectroscopy and theoretical analyses unveil that Cu-mediated interfacial engineering dynamically restructures interfacial water networks, reduces the water dissociation barrier and optimizes hydrogen adsorption energy. Impressively, the AEMWE device equipped with a Cu/Ni@MoO 2 cathode achieves the industrial-relevant current densities 1.74 A cm −2 and 3.61 A cm −2 at the voltages of only 1.8 V and 2 V (60 °C), respectively, while demonstrating exceptional durability with negligible voltage decay throughout 1000 h operation at 0.5 A cm −2 . This work presents a novel design strategy for high-current-density electrocatalysts, bridging atomic-scale insights and industrial hydrogen production requirements.
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JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Peng Zhang,Guang-Hui Liu,Yao-Shun Wen,Yu-Hong Kang,Yang-Fan Yin,Sheng Li,Zhi-Xin Li,Zhi-Hao Ma
Morphology engineering plays a pivotal role in boosting catalytic performance over heterogeneous catalysis. However, although Y 2 O 3 (a rare earth oxide) has been found to possess various morphologies, including nanoplate (NP), nanosphere (NS) and nanorod (NR), the lack of understanding of its catalytic mechanism still limits its further application. Herein, catalytic mechanism of Y 2 O 3 morphologies in reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction over Cu-based catalysts was systematically investigated. Although Y 2 O 3 morphologies don’t affect CO selectivity, it has a significant impact on CO 2 conversion and stability. Systematic characterization reveals that Y 2 O 3 morphologies not only can optimize the CO 2 adsorption capacity and Cu nanoparticles size to enhance catalytic activity, but also can regulate the metal-support interaction to improve catalytic stability. The order of activity and stability of the Cu/Y 2 O 3 catalysts from high to low is: Cu/ NP Y 2 O 3 > Cu/ NR Y 2 O 3 > Cu/ NS Y 2 O 3 . This work clarifies the morphological-performance relationship in rare earth oxide-Y 2 O 3 , providing a new approach for the design of high-performance Cu-based catalysts for RWGS reaction and promoting the application of morphology engineering in heterogeneous catalysis.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Dashui Zhang,Junxin Wang,Lina Li,Haiyuan Huang,Zhangfa Tong,Shuangliang Zhao,Hui-Ying Qu
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit great potential in electrochromic applications owing to their tunable pore structure and abundant redox active sites. Among them, the Cu-based MOF—Cu-TCA (H 3 TCA = 4,4′,4′′-nitrilotribenzoic acid) stands out as an ideal electrochromic material due to its dual redox activity. However, challenges such as particle agglomeration and weak interfacial adhesion between Cu-TCA and substrates hinder its electrochromic performance. Here, we propose a novel interfacial modification strategy combining oxygen plasma (OP) with self-assembled molecules (SAMs) to modify indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) -coated glass substrates. The OP@SAMs layer enhances the adhesion between Cu-TCA and substrates via coordination bonds, and facilitates the formation of uniform Cu-TCA crystals with large ion transport channel size (8.4 Å), large pore volume (0.136 cm 3 ·g −1 ), and high porosity (0.209), to improve the electrochemical cycling durability and accelerate ion transfer, thus achieving superior electrochromic performance. Results demonstrate that the Cu-TCA thin film grown on the OP@SAMs-modified ITO-coated glass substrate exhibits large transmittance modulation (~ 56 %), short coloration/bleaching time (3.7 s/1.0 s), high coloration efficiency (287.2 cm 2 ·C −1 ), and superior cycling stability (1000 cycles). The corresponding Cu-TCA electrochromic device also exhibits outstanding electrochromic performance. This study provides a novel strategy for developing high-performance MOFs-based electrochromic materials and offers valuable references into interfacial engineering for the synthesis of MOFs-based thin films.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Weixin Li,Qing Liu,Zhongxuan Yin,Yongqing Ma,Ganhong Zheng,Chuhong Zhu,Zhenxiang Dai,Meiling Wang
The photocatalytic conversion of CH 4 into value added liquid products in high yield has always been a huge challenge due to unavoidable peroxidation. Here, a kind of Cu/ZnS/ZnO x -550 Z type heterojunction is designed for photocatalytic CH 4 oxidation into C1 products (including CH 3 OH, CH 3 OOH and HCHO) by O 2 through the synergistic catalysis of multiple mechanisms. The CH 4 photooxidation reaction at 30 °C yields 56 mmol g −1 of C1 oxygenated products during 8 h, which exhibits a much higher value than those reported in recent studies. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron spin resonance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemical measurements and density functional calculation are used to comprehensively clarify the underlying photocatalytic mechanism. It indicates that in situ formed singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) not only plays vital roles in triggering CH 4 photooxidation to C1 products, but also suppresses products peroxidation by inhibiting ·OH formation. The incorporated Cu transforms the ZnS/ZnO heterojunction from type II to Z -scheme, enhances light absorption, and, together with oxygen vacancies, regulates the electronic structure of the catalyst, thereby facilitating the adsorption and dissociation of 1 O 2 , and ultimately achieving high efficiency of CH 4 photooxidation.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Ruiqi Zhang,Yanyan Zhang,Kang Wang,Xitao Wang,Baoquan Zhang
In this work, the heterostructure between Cu particles and ZnFe-LDH semiconductor with lantern shape was constructed by reducing the ternary CuZnFe-LDH using H 2 , and the effects of Cu loading and the formation of heterojunction on photocatalytic CO 2 reduction to CO and CH 4 were investigated. The results showed that the hollow and layer-stacking structure of the catalyst was beneficial to the light utilization, adsorbing and activating of carbon dioxide. The Cu cations could enter into the lattice of ZnFe-LDH to form a ternary CuZnFe-LDH, which could be reduced to Cu particles with smaller size by H 2 and resulting in the heterostructure between Cu and ZnFe-LDH. The loading of Cu particles can significantly enhance the light absorption, photogenerated carriers transfer rate and separation efficiency of ZnFe-LDH, thus improving photocatalytic activity. As expected, Cu 1.6 ZnFe-R catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity with CO yield of 45.35 μmol·g cat −1 ·h −1 and CH 4 yield of 39.33 μmol·g cat −1 ·h −1 , which were 2.81 and 6.19 times higher than those of ZnFe-LDH, respectively. Meanwhile, Cu particles acted as electron-rich centers and CO 2 adsorption sites can noticeably improve the CH 4 selectivity and inhibit H 2 production. The Cu 1.6 ZnFe-R catalyst exhibits the highest CH 4 electron-based selectivity of 65.17 %, the highest electrons consumed of 482.80 μmoL·g cat −1 ·h −1 for CO 2 reduction and the lowest H 2 electron-based selectivity of 16.04 %.
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