SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·Vol. 32
·期 1
·015015
·
IF 2.861
Zili Zhang,Min Tian,Lin Ma,Min Liu,Hongli Suo,Qiuliang Wang
We have established a novel reaction process using Mg vapour and B powder (a gas–solid reaction) to synthesize MgB2 powder with a low oxygen content. For the first time, we tried to eliminate the oxygen in Mg powder with a specially designed furnace tube that can keep the sample under an inert atmosphere throughout the entire synthesis process. The duration of heat treatment has a conspicuous effect on the phase formation of MgB2 which differs greatly from the conventional solid state reaction method. At short durations such as 1 h, unreacted B powder is ubiquitous in the sample. Full formation of MgB2 is achieved at 3 h. At longer times such as 4 h, MgB2 decomposes to form MgB4. It is deduced that the main reason for the unstable MgB2 phase formation in the gas–solid reaction is the Mg vapour present during the entire process. A feasible chemical reaction model of the novel gas–solid reaction has been established. This work provides an important foundation to obtain almost oxygen-free MgB2, which can finally resolve the mystery of the effect of oxygen on superconductivity in this system.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Xinxin Lin,Qiaoling Ye,Binbin Li,Huiyi Cai,Caiyi Fan,Zhongsen Yan
The PIP Janus membrane with crater-like structures boosted flux to 72 LMH at 70 °C. • The dense PIP layer decoupled surface scaling from pore wetting to stop salt leakage. • Interfacial polymerization surface modification turned internal wetting into surface fouling. Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) treatment of flue gas desulfurization wastewater (FGDW), but its industrial application is hindered by membrane wetting induced by the combined effects of inorganic scaling and thermal stress. In this study, Janus composite membranes were fabricated on PTFE substrates via interfacial polymerization (IP) to improve wetting resistance. Two polyamide barriers were constructed using piperazine (PIP) and m -phenylenediamine (MPDA). The pristine PTFE membrane exhibited a critical failure at 70 °C, where accelerated gypsum crystallization promoted crystal intrusion into membrane pores, leading to rapid wetting. In contrast, the IP-modified membranes significantly enhanced MD stability. Notably, the PIP@PTFE membrane formed a crater-like nanostructure and exhibited a high initial flux (∼72 L m −2 h −1 at 70 °C). The flux enhancement may be associated with favorable surface morphology and interfacial transport characteristics. Moreover, its dense polyamide layer confined gypsum crystallization to the membrane surface, maintaining excellent permeate quality (<200 μS cm −1 ) despite severe scaling and preventing the massive saline breakthrough observed in pristine membranes. These results demonstrate that PIP-based interfacial polymerization effectively suppresses thermally induced wetting, maintains permeate quality, and improves short-term wetting resistance under severe thermal-scaling conditions of MD for hypersaline wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (163KB) Download: Download full-size image
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Chen Yang,Wanxiong Xiao,Jiahao Zhang,Liqiang Qi,Hejin Yuan,Yajuan Zhang
Nitrogen oxides (NO) emitted from industrial flue gas are significant air pollutants; however, their efficient separation at room temperature remains a challenge due to the weak affinity of activated carbon (AC) for NO. In this study, we present a metal-free strategy for constructing nanoconfined reactors within commercial AC through glucose-assisted hydrothermal carbonization followed by CO 2 activation. This innovative approach facilitates dual pore regulation: glucose-derived carbon microspheres effectively narrow oversized pores, while subsequent CO 2 activation refines the structure to concentrate micropores at approximately 0.7 nm, which precisely matches the molecular dimensions of NO and creates confinement spaces conducive to catalytic oxidation. Concurrently, the process enriches stable carbonyl groups (C=O) that act as active sites within these confined spaces. The optimal material (800 AC-0.2G-180H-800C4) exhibits a micropore surface area of 432.9 m 2 /g within the 0.643–0.804 nm range and achieves a NO x adsorption capacity of 2.09 ± 0.10 mmol/g at room temperature—1.32 times higher than that of pristine AC. At 55 °C, it maintains a capacity of 0.31 ± 0.02 mmol/g, which is 3.43-fold greater than that of unmodified AC (0.07 ± 0.03 mmol/g). Kinetic analysis indicates that the confined micropores enhance the collision frequency of NO-O 2 , while carbonyl groups facilitate NO activation, together enabling efficient catalytic oxidation. Unlike metal-based modifications, this method avoids secondary pollution and allows for easy disposal of spent adsorbents. This work presents a sustainable pathway for designing high-performance carbon materials for industrial NO x abatement through the synergy of confinement and catalysis.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Yulin Huang,Chao Shan,Xiuyuan Wei,Xiaohua Huang
Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) have attracted considerable attention for gas separation because nanoscale engineering of filler structure and polymer/filler interfaces can improve overall separation performance. In this study, a monomer, 4,4′-diamino-4″-dibenzofuran-triphenylamine (DATPA), was synthesized, and a noncoplanar copolyimide was subsequently prepared using DATPA, 9,9-bis(4-amino-3-fluorophenyl)fluorene (FFDA), and 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA). MMMs were then fabricated by solution blending using Noria as a nanoporous organic cage filler and the copolyimide as the matrix. Owing to the intrinsic subnanometer cavities of Noria and the resulting nanoscale transport features introduced into the membrane structure, the incorporation of Noria significantly enhanced gas separation performance. At a Noria loading of 9 wt %, the permeabilities of He, CO2, O2, and N2 increased by 96%, 134%, 57%, and 41%, respectively, compared with the pure polyimide membrane. Furthermore, at a 6 wt % loading, the ideal selectivities for He/N2 and CO2/N2 reached 77.9 and 26.0, corresponding to improvements of 42% and 57%, respectively. These results demonstrate that nanoporous organic cage incorporation is an effective strategy for tuning membrane microstructure and improving gas separation performance.
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ACS Sensors
·
2026
·
IF 10.9
Yumei Zhang,Yunqi Song,Yujie Tang,Xueni Ma,Yao Yao
The reliance of conventional gas sensing on surface-adsorbed oxygen limits both performance and mechanistic understanding. This work breaks from this paradigm by establishing lattice oxygen as an intrinsic reactive species in the sensing process. Herein, we developed a one-step solvothermal synthesis where benzimidazole serves as a dual-function agent: its weak coordination acts as a structural director to steer the formation of a square-shaped In2O3 architecture, while its in-situ released nitrogen atoms incorporate into the lattice. This synergistic design not only tailors the electronic structure but, more pivotally, enhances the reactivity of lattice oxygen to promote its efficient participation in gas-sensing reactions. The optimized sensor achieves exceptional ethanol-sensing performance, such as a high response of 715 toward 200 ppm ethanol, representing an 8.5-fold enhancement over pristine In2O3, along with fast response/recovery (2 s/24 s), excellent selectivity, and outstanding long-term stability. This work demonstrates that this synergistic doping strategy for enhancing lattice oxygen activity provides a distinct and effective pathway to advanced metal-oxide sensors.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2026
·
IF 16.6
Lifan Wang,Junlan Fang,Siheng Niu,Yiheng Wu,Min Chen,Cong Zhong,Zhengping Zuo,Xindong Wang,Xuefeng Wang,Chun Zhan,Jun Lu
The pursuit of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) through high-capacity cathodes (e.g., Ni-rich oxides, lithium-rich manganese oxides) is inevitably accompanied by lattice oxygen release and gas evolution, yet the systemic impacts of oxygen crossover in full-cell configurations remain underexplored. This study investigates how oxygen gas permeation across separators triggers capacity degradation in LIBs. By regulating separator permeability and employing differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), we quantify oxygen transport pathways and their correlation with interfacial instability. Combined with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, we reveal that cathode-derived oxygen penetrates separators, attacking the anode to exacerbate heterogeneous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth and mechanical destabilization. Continuous SEI fracture-reconstruction during cycling accelerates active lithium depletion and capacity fading. Employing low-permeability separators can effectively mitigate oxygen crossover and double the cycle life through stabilization of the anode interface. These findings establish oxygen gas crossover as one of the critical yet overlooked degradation vectors, bridging the knowledge gap between cathode oxygen release and anode failure mechanisms.
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ENERGY & FUELS
·
2026
·Vol. 40
·期 34
·19056-19065
·
IF 6
Yang Tao,Zhu Xiaofeng,Zhang Shicheng
The large-scale production of sustainable
aviation fuels
(SAFs)
heavily relies on hydrogen supply, while traditional hydrogen storage
and delivery suffer from safety risks and high cost. Hydrogen peroxide
(H 2 O 2 ) is regarded as a promising hydrogen carrier,
which can be produced on-site through a green electrochemical two-electron
oxygen reduction reaction (2e – ORR). Herein, oxygen,
nitrogen co-modulated carbon (O-NC) catalysts were fabricated by doping
N dopants and oxygen-containing functional groups (OFGs). The pyrrolic
N is revealed to jeopardize the electronic structure of the NC catalyst,
and the OFGs can further regulate the NC matrix for 2e – ORR. As a result, the optimized O-NC-5 catalyst exhibits an excellent
H 2 O 2 selectivity of over 80% in both alkaline
and neutral electrolytes. After further optimizing Nafion content,
catalyst loading, and operating conditions of O-NC-5-based gas diffusion
electrodes, the assembled flow cell can deliver a high H 2 O 2 yield of 3.4 mol g cat –1 h –1 and Faradaic efficiency of above 90%, with
robust stability over 12 h. This work reveals the synergistic effects
of N dopants and OFGs toward 2e – ORR performance
and offers a feasible strategy to develop high-performance carbon
electrocatalysts and practical electrode systems for green H 2 O 2 production, which supports the SAF synthesis.
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Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Jichun Li,Yu Deng,Luyang Liu,Yidan Chen,Fengluan Jiang,Meihua Chen,Jianfeng Xia,Yonghui Deng
Flexible gas sensing devices have attracted a growing research interest in recent years due to their potential applications in various fields such as wearable electronics. Porous 2D metal oxide semiconductors (2D MOSs) with superior electrical and catalytic characteristics are deemed as promising materials for flexible gas sensors, especially for low-concentration gas detection; however, the synthesis of high-quality 2D MOSs remains challenging. In this study, 2D porous In 2 O 3 nanosheets with a high specific surface area (85.9 m 2 /g) and a thickness of 4.0 nm are synthesized via a scalable micro-explosion assisted caramelization reaction. The synthesis parameters affecting the formation of 2D porous metal oxide nanostructures are systematically studied, and a proposed growth mechanism is dominated by generating the sacrificial 2D carbon intermediate templates. Furthermore, flexible gas sensors are fabricated by depositing 2D porous In 2 O 3 nanosheets on polyimide substrates, which exhibit outstanding sensing performance with high sensitivity toward trace hydrogen sulfide (response value of 17.3 for 250 ppb) at 37 °C, excellent selectivity, and high stability. The sensor is further integrated into a wearable, flexible wireless sensing device, showing good reliability and great potential in detecting trace hydrogen sulfide in practical applications.
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高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Hongbing Wang,Yifei Yang,Linsen Zhou,Jun Chen,Linan Lin,Xinchun Mao,Wei Cui,Yunxi Yao
The reactive interfacial sites upon supported catalysts provide an alternative pathway to enable the reactants activation in an energetically favorable mode, thus decreasing the energy barrier and promoting the catalytic efficiency. By virtue of structural characterization, in-situ spectroscopic analysis, kinetic assessments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, supported Pt/TiN catalysts are systematically studied to interrogate H 2 O activation on the Pt-TiN interfacial sites and its catalytic function during the low-temperature water gas shift (WGS). It is found that the partially oxygen-covered TiN surface is highly efficient for H 2 O activation by oxygen-assisted dissociation with an energy barrier of 0.41 eV, much less than that on metallic Pt surface. The formed hydroxyls binding on Ti sites, observed by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD), could readily react with the adjacent CO adsorbed on Pt clusters with the reaction energy barrier of 0.43 eV to attain the individual catalytic cycle. Benefiting from the enhanced H 2 O activation, the catalytic turnover rate of CO-H 2 O reaction on Pt/TiN is 3.8 and 20.3 times higher than that on traditional Pt/TiO 2 and Pt/SiO 2 at 403 K, respectively. The interfacial reactive sites are the origin of low-temperature WGS on Pt/TiN catalysts.
研究领域:
催化
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
表面化学
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Forensic Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 2.2
Dong Han,Guan-Nan Zhang,Zhen-Wen Sun,Yao Liu
Tetrahydrothiophene (THT) is a common odorant in natural gas and plays a crucial role as key chemical evidence in post-explosion investigations. However, there has been limited research on the detection of THT in samples collected from gas explosion scenes. Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was employed to systematically investigate the adsorption and desorption behavior of THT on three common substrates: soil, sponge, and fabric. The results indicate that the physical and chemical properties of the substrate significantly influence the retention of THT. Polyurethane sponge and flax fiber exhibit the highest adsorption capacity, attributed to their larger specific surface area and porous structure. With soil as the representative substrate, humidity significantly reduces physical adsorption efficiency. Desorption kinetics exhibit significant temperature dependence: THT is released markedly faster as temperature rises, whereas storage under low-temperature conditions substantially prolongs its persistence on the substrate. The limit of detection (LOD) of the proposed method is 0.05 ng/g in soil, thus affording sufficient sensitivity for ultra-trace analysis. These findings provide a critical scientific basis for on-site evidence collection (prioritizing dry, porous materials), optimizing evidence preservation (immediate low-temperature storage), and enhancing the accuracy of forensic evidence interpretation in gas explosion cases.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Tingting Hu,Siqi Lin,Zhuoran Yang,Yuexin Li,Chunyu Yang,Mengshu Xu,Wei Guo
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths because conventional therapies are constrained by systemic toxicity, insufficient specificity, and low patient adherence to patients. In this study, we developed a dissolvable microneedle (MN) platform integrating Bi/Bi 2 SiO 5 @SiO 2−x nanocomposites with gaseous prodrugs L-arginine (L-Arg) and ammonia borane (AB) for imaging-guided synergistic therapy. Bi-based nanocomposites exhibit strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption, efficient singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) generation, and high X-ray attenuation, enabling effective tumor ablation and real-time computed tomography (CT) imaging. An appropriately designed SiO 2−x shell not only protects Bi from oxidation and prevents performance degradation but also efficiently captures the energy transferred from Bi, further facilitating 1 O 2 generation. The L-Arg and AB incorporated into the dissolvable MNs achieved a pH-responsive release of NO and H 2 following transdermal absorption, thereby enhancing photothermal, photodynamic, sonodynamic, and dual-gas synergistic therapies under NIR and ultrasound stimulation. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed its potent antitumor efficacy, outstanding biocompatibility, and minimal invasiveness. This study introduces a multifunctional therapeutic platform that addresses the key limitations of breast cancer therapy, offering a precise and non-invasive treatment strategy.
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高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2016
·Vol. 8
·期 7
·1163-1176
·
IF 5.687
Xue Jiang,Feng Chun,Guolin Lu,Huang Xiaoyu
The monomer, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 3-(N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)acrylamido)propanoate (TF-DEAE-AM), which contains both O2 and CO2-responsive functionalities, was first synthesized from commercially available N,N-diethylethylenediamine, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, and acryloyl chloride. Subsequently, a series of dual-gas responsive polymers, poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 3-(N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)acrylamido)propanoate) (poly(TF-DEAE-AM)) and poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 3-(N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)acrylamido)propanoate) (PEG-b-poly(TF-DEAE-AM)), were synthesized by employing reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Due to the protonation between CO2 and DEAE groups, and the specific van der Waals interactions between O2 and C–F bonds, micelles consisting of poly(TF-DEAE-AM) or PEG-b-poly(TF-DEAE-AM) display distinct CO2 and O2 responsiveness in aqueous media. Pyrene, which is a model hydrophobic drug, is able to be effectively encapsulated in the micelles based on PEG-b-poly(TF-DEAE-AM). It is found that the release of pyrene sharply increases after bubbling CO2 or O2 compared to N2, and the release rate of the solution bubbling with CO2 is the fastest. Since both CO2 and O2 are key gases for the human body, the CO2- and O2-induced release property of poly(TF-DEAE-AM) may open opportunities for the preparation of functional materials with special CO2 and O2 responsiveness for potential applications in biomedicine.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
生物材料
·
药物递送
·
刺激响应材料
·
生物医学工程
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