NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 27
·期 29
·295601
·
IF 3.573
Xiangyang Duan,Guangde Chen,Chu Li,Yuan Yin,Wentao Jin,Lu’an Guo,Honggang Ye,Youzhang Zhu,Yelong Wu
Using the chemical vapour deposition method, we successfully converted smooth ZnO nanorods (NRs) into corrugated NRs by simply increasing the reaction time. The surface morphology and crystallographic structure of the corrugated NRs were investigated. The corrugated NRs were decorated by alternant (112¯1) and (112¯1¯) planes at the exposed side surfaces while the conventional {101¯0} planes disappeared. No twinning boundaries were found in the periodically corrugated structures, indicating that they were type II corrugated NRs. Further investigation told us that they were selectively etched. We introduced a hydrothermal method to synthesize the smooth ZnO NRs and then etched them in a tube furnace at 950 °C with a flow of carbon monoxide. By separating the growth stage and the selective etching stage, we explicitly demonstrated a successfully selective etching effect on ZnO NRs with a carbon monoxide reducing atmosphere for the first time. An etching mechanism based on the selective reaction between carbon monoxide and the different exposed surfaces was proposed. Our results will improve the understanding of the growth mechanism on coarse or corrugated NRs and provide a new strategy for the application of surface controlled nanostructured materials.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2016
·
IF 3.15
Ding Wang,Minglu Zhang,Huaijuan Zhuang,Xu Chen,Xianying Wang,Xuejun Zheng,Junhe Yang
(GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x composite nanofibers with hollow structure were prepared by initial electrospinning, and the subsequent calcination and nitridation. The structure and morphology characteristics of samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The characterization results showed the phase transition from ZnGa 2 O 4 to (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x solid-solution under ammonia atmosphere. The preparation conditions were explored and the optimum nitridation temperature and holding time are 750 °C and 2 h, respectively. The photocatalytic properties of (GaN) 1-x (ZnO) x with different Ga:Zn atomic ratios were investigated by degrading Rhodamine B under the visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity sequence is (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x (Ga:Zn = 1:2) > (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x (Ga:Zn = 1:3) > ZnO nanofibers > (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x (Ga:Zn = 1:4) > (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x (Ga:Zn = 1:1). The photocatalytic mechanism of the (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x hollow nanofibers was further studied by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The excellent photocatalytic performance of (GaN) 1−x (ZnO) x hollow nanofibers was attributed to the narrow band gap and high surface area of porous nanofibers with hollow structure.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2017
·
IF 5.401
Shuo Geng,Shu Min Lin,Nian Bing Li,Hong Qun Luo
As an important heavy metal ion, copper has the negative influence on otherwise healthy individuals, so establishing a valid way for the highly efficient, sensitive, and quantitative determination of Cu 2+ ion becomes an emergency in the environmental analysis. In the present work, water-soluble luminescent ZnO quantum dots (QDs) capped by polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been synthesized by a simple solution method. The PEG capped ZnO QDs (PEG@ZnO QDs) showed yellow fluorescence. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy were applied to elucidate the properties of the PEG@ZnO QDs. In addition, the yellow fluorescence of the PEG@ZnO QDs was quenched when Cu 2+ ion was added to the PEG@ZnO QDs solutions. Therefore, a novel fluorescent probe was designed to detect Cu 2+ in water solution. The linear relationships were 10–200 nM and 2–10 μM, respectively, with the detection limit for Cu 2+ at 3.33 nM according to 3σ/slope (where σ denotes the standard deviation of the blank measures). The proposed sensor of the PEG@ZnO QDs has also been used in natural water samples to examine the availability of this method. In addition, the quenching mechanism was discussed, which may be attributed to the aggregation induced quenching.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2017
·
IF 2.986
Yunxiang Chen,Xianzhe Zeng,Yijie Zhou,Rong Li,Heliang Yao,Xun Cao,Ping Jin
Cesium-doped tungsten bronze Cs x WO 3 (CWO) is a promising candidate for near-infrared (NIR) shielding materials on windows of buildings and automobiles. However, the NIR shielding ability of CWO easily deteriorates in hot humid and alkaline environments, which hinders further applications of CWO. In this paper, we firstly reported a novel core-shell structure of CWO@ZnO, which exhibited high NIR shielding performance with excellent stability. In hot humid environment, CWO@ZnO nanoparticles kept their outstanding NIR shielding ability after 150 days while uncoated CWO nanoparticles showed an evident deterioration in just 1 day. Moreover, the CWO@ZnO core-shell structure also exhibits excellent stability in alkaline environment. The good protection of the uniform, continuous and compact ZnO shells played an important role on enhancing the stabilities of CWO nanoparticles. This study provides a novel route for promoting the practical applications of CWO NIR shielding materials.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.387
Lu Lin,Haiou Liu,Xiongfu Zhang
Rational design of efficient approaches to fabricate MOFs-coated core-shell composites is promising but challenging. We report here the encapsulation of Pd nanoparticles (Pd NPs) supported flower-like ZnO (F-ZnO) microspheres with ZIF-8 shell through a facile strategy, in which the formation and immobilization of Pd NPs on F-ZnO supports and the subsequent growth of ZIF-8 shells over them are effectively integrated into one-pot synthetic route. Importantly, the utilization of ZnO both as support of Pd NPs and Zn 2+ source of ZIF-8 is favorable for the implement of one-pot synthesis, due to its functions in anchoring Pd NPs and inducing ZIF-8 formation. Further insights into the morphological influence of zinc oxide particles on the resulting materials indicate that the flower-like microspheres with 2D nanosheets as subunits also benefit the coating of Pd NPs supported cores with ZIF-8, resulting in a well-defined core-shell catalyst. The achieved catalyst deliveries remarkable performance in terms of selectivity, anti-poisoning and recyclability in the liquid hydrogenations of alkenes.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.387
Huan Wang,Xueqing Qiu,Weifeng Liu,Dongjie Yang
In this work, a novel lignin-based carbon/ZnO (LC/ZnO) hybrid composite with excellent photocatalytic performance was prepared through a convenient and environment friendly method using alkali lignin (AL) as carbon source. The morphological, microstructure and optical properties of the as-prepared LC/ZnO hybrid composite was characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and UV–vis. The resulting LC/ZnO hybrid is composed of highly dispersed ZnO nanoparticles embedded on a lignin-based carbon nanosheet, showing excellent photogenerated electrons and holes separation and migration efficiency. The photocatalytic activity of LC/ZnO was much higher than the pure ZnO. The LC/ZnO hybrid composite showed different photocatalytic mechanism for degradation of negative methyl orange (MO) and positive Rhodamine B (RhB). It showed that h + was the main photocatalytic active group during the degradation of MO, ·O 2 − and ·OH were the photocatalytic active groups during degradation of RhB. This reported photocatalyst with selective degradation of positive and negative organic dyes may have a great application prospect for photoelectric conversion and catalytic materials. Results of this work were of practical importance for high-valued utilization of lignin for carbon materials.
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ELECTROANALYSIS
·
2015
·Vol. 27
·期 6
·1490-1497
·
IF 2.138
Jiapeng Fu,Zengyuan Pang,Jie Yang,Zhanping Yang,Jianhua Cao,Yang Xu,Fenglin Huang,Qufu Wei
We fabricated a novel hierarchical composite mat composed of electrospun cellulose nanofibers decorated with Ag-doped ZnO (Ag-ZnO) nanoparticles and further demonstrated its potential application as the efficient laccase (Lac) biosensor substrate material. The cyclic voltammograms revealed that the Ag-ZnO/cellulose nanofibrous mat provided an excellent microenvironment for Lac immobilization and benefited direct electron transfer of Lac. The fabricated Lac/Ag-ZnO/cellulose/GCE exhibited a highly sensitive detection of catechol with a wide linear range from 0.995 to 811 µM and a low detection limit of 0.205 µM. The results indicated that Ag-ZnO/cellulose nanofibers were the promising nanostructured materials for the construction of different biosensors.
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Plasmonics
·
2013
·Vol. 8
·期 2
·1193-1202
·
IF 2.425
Han Zhizhong,Wei Liyuan,Zhang Zhankun,Zhang Xinqi,Pan Haibo,Chen Jianzhong
The semiconductor metal oxide, ZnO, is limited to application in photocatalysis because of large bandgap. Metallic nanostructures are utilized to enhance visible-light absorption and improve photocatalytic activity via surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In this work, through a facile thermal decomposition method, the Au nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully loaded on oriented hierarchical ZnO flower-rod (ZFRs) heterostructures, which have a higher areal proportion of exposed active (001) crystal faces. The results indicate that ZFRs are wurtzite phase grown along the [001] direction and the Au NPs spread on the surface of ZFRs in metallic form. It reveals that there is an electronic interaction between Au NPs and ZFRs, and more oxygen molecules are adsorbed on the surface of Au-ZnO flower-rod heterostructures (AZFRs). The AZFRs show a strong absorbance in visible region due to the SPR and enhance the separation of electron–hole pair, resulting in an improvement of photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation. During 80 min, the degradation efficiency of rhodamine B for AZFRs-20 is about 3.7 times as the pure ZFRs. Moreover, the AZFRs exhibit predominant photoelectrochemical properties, and the photocurrent can reach 1.2 × 10 −4 A. Finally, the as-prepared photocatalytic device composed of AZFRs based on indium doped tin oxide glass is convenient to recycle without centrifugation.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2014
·
IF 5.9
Zhihua Wang,Jie Xue,Dongmei Han,Fubo Gu
ZnO nanopyramids (NPys) with exposed crystal facets of {101̅1} were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method, having a uniform size with a hexagonal edge length of ∼100 nm and a height of ∼200 nm. Technologies of XRD, TEM, HRTEM, Raman, PL, and XPS were used to characterize the morphological and structural properties of the products, while the corresponding gas sensing properties were determined by using ethanol as the target gas. For the overall goal of defect engineering, the effect of aging temperature on the gas sensing performance of the ZnO NPys was studied. The test results showed that, at the aging temperature of 300 °C, the gas sensing property has been improved to the best, with the fast response-recovery time and the excellent selectivity, because the ZnO300 has the most electron donors for absorbing the largest content of O2–. Model of defect redistribution was used to explicate the changing of the surface defects at different aging temperatures. The findings showed that, in addition to VO, Zni was the dominant defect of the {101̅1} crystal facet. The gas sensing performance of the ZnO NPys was determined by the contents of VO and Zni, with all of the defects redistributed on the surface. All of the results will be noticeable for the improvement of the sensing performance of materials with special crystal facet exposing.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2014
·
IF 5.9
Long Zhang,Lianhuan Du,Xiang Yu,Shaozao Tan,Xiang Cai,Peihua Yang,Yu Gu,Wenjie Mai
Electron–hole recombination is one of the major factors limiting the efficiency of ZnO-based photocatalysts. In this work, a 2-fold enhancement strategy was employed to suppress electron–hole recombination and boost photocatalytic efficiency. First, significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO by introducing graphene oxide (GO) was systematically investigated. Hybrid photocatalysts with different weight ratios of ZnO to GO (from 0.95:0.05 to 0.70:0.30) were synthesized and characterized. The results indicated that when the proportion ratio of ZnO to GO reached 0.85:0.15, the as-synthesized ZnO–GO nanocomposite exhibited the maximum photocatalytic efficiency on methylene blue with an apparent rate constant κapp almost 10 times faster than that of pure ZnO under UV illumination. GO was suggested to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnO because of its great capability in dye adsorption and charge separation. Second, Pd nanoparticles were introduced to decorate ZnO–GO to produce generally better photocatalyst ZnO–GO–Pd nanocomposites. The junction between Pd and ZnO was believed to also effectively separate the photogenerated charges due to the metal-semiconductor diode effect. These two systems of ZnO–GO and ZnO–GO–Pd nanocomposites are expected to have a broad range of applications in environmental conservation.
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Nanoscale
·
2013
·Vol. 5
·期 23
·11808-11819
·
IF 6.233
Yun Yang,Shuhua Han,Guangju Zhou,Lijie Zhang,Xingliang Li,Chao Zou,Shaoming Huang
We present a general route for synthesizing M@ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by using ascorbic acid (AA) to induce deposition of ZnO on various shaped and structured cationic-surfactant-capped NP surfaces (noble, magnetic, semiconductor, rod-like, spherical, cubic, dendrite, alloy, core@shell). The results show that the complexing (AA and Zn2+) and cooperative effects (AA and CTAB) play important roles in the formation of polycrystalline ZnO shells. Besides, the growth kinetics of M@ZnO was systematically studied. It was found that the slow growth rate favors the successful formation of uniform core@ZnO NPs with relatively loose shells. An appropriate growth rate allows achieving high quality M@ZnO NPs with dense shells. However, very fast growth causes significant additional nucleation and the formation of pure ZnO NPs. This general method is suitable for preparing M@ZnO using seed NPs prepared in both water and organic phases. It might be an alternative route for functionalizing NPs for bioapplications (ZnO is biocompatible), modulating material properties as designed, or synthesizing template materials for building other nanostructures.
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POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 2.942
Ziling Peng,Dan Wu,Wei Wang,Fatang Tan,Xinyun Wang,Jianguo Chen,Xueliang Qiao
Among metal oxide photocatalysts , zinc oxide (ZnO) has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages of low toxicity and relatively low cost of production. In this work, ZnO nanopowders doped with different metal ions (Li + , Mg 2+ , Al 3+ and Ti 4+ ) were synthesized by a sol-gel method. Multiple techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffused reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS), photoluminescence (PL) spectra and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements were employed to study the structures, morphologies and physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts. The influence of metal ion doping on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO was assessed by inactivating a typical Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli K-12 under visible-light irradiation. It was found that Al doping and Ti doping could promote the photocatalytic bacterial inactivation activity of ZnO, while Li doping and Mg doping hindered the bacterial inactivation activity of ZnO photocatalysts. Moreover, Al-doped ZnO exhibited the best visible-light-driven (VLD) photocatalytic activity among these samples, with 7-log of E. coli K-12 cells being completely inactivated within 4 h. The large percentage of absorbed oxygen, narrow band gap and extended visible light absorption were considered to contribute to the powerful VLD photocatalytic activity of Al-doped ZnO.
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