MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
·
2013
·
IF 4.57
Juan Chen,Liuqing Huang,Huixian Lai,Chenghao Lu,Ming Fang,Qiqing Zhang,Xuetao Luo
Cancer nanotherapeutics are rapidly progressing and being implemented to solve several limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. In this paper, we report a novel strategy of preparing methotrexate (MTX) nanoparticles based on chitosan (CS) and methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) used as nanocarriers to enhance their targeting and prolong blood circulation. MTX and mPEG-conjugated CS nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and evaluated for their targeting efficiency and toxicity in vitro and in vivo. The MTX–mPEG–CS NP size determined by dynamic light scattering was 213 ± 2.0 nm with a narrow particle size distribution, and its loading content (LC %) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) were 44.19 ± 0.64% and 87.65 ± 0.79%, respectively. In vitro release behavior of MTX was investigated. In vivo optical imaging in mice proved that MTX was released from particles subsequently and targeted to tumor tissue, showing significantly prolonged retention and specific selectivity. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay obviously indicated that the higher inhibition efficiency of MTX–mPEG–CS NPs meant that much more MTX was transferred into the tumor cells. A significant right-shift in the flow cytometry (FCM) assay demonstrated that MTX-loaded nanoparticles were far superior to a pure drug in the inhibition of growth and proliferation of Hela cells. These results suggest that MTX–mPEG–CS NPs could be a promising targeting anticancer chemotherapeutic agent, especially for cervical carcinoma.
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MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2014
·
IF 1.968
Yan Liang,Jiawei Tan,Jiexin Wang,Jianfeng Chen,Baochang Sun,Lei Shao
Erythorbic acid assistant synthesis of CdS quantum dots (QDs) was conducted by homogeneous mixing of two continuous liquids in a high-throughput microporous tube-in-tube micro-channel reactor (MTMCR) at room temperature. The effects of the micropore size of the MTMCR, liquid flow rate, mixing time and reactant concentration on the size and size distribution of CdS QDs were investigated. It was found that the size and size distribution of CdS QDs could be tuned in the MTMCR. A combination of erythorbic acid promoted formation technique with the MTMCR may be a promising pathway for controllable mass production of QDs.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·19-28
·
IF 2.5
Zhang Dawen,Liao Qiegen,Zhang Li,Wang Donggen,Luo Linguang,Chen Yuwei,Zhong Jiayou,Liu Jutao
Occurrence and spatial distributions of microcystins (MCs; MC-RR, -YR, -LR, -LA, -LF, -LW) in Poyang Lake were studied during the period from July 6 to July 18, 2012, by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem triple quadrupole/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). MC-RR was the most dominant variant (94.70 and 84.73 % for intracellular (cellular MCs) and extracellular (dissolved MCs) MCs, respectively) in Poyang Lake, followed by MC-LR (4.65 and 13.17 %, respectively), MC-YR (0.8 and 2.63 %, respectively), and MC-LA (0.02 and 0.00 %), while MC-LW and MC-LF were not detected. Total MCs concentrations (intracellular +extracellular MCs) ranged between 0.0036 and 7.97 μg/L, with an average of 0.79 μg/L, and only two sampling stations with the total MCs concentrations exceeded the drinking water guideline level of 1 μg/L for MC-LR proposed by World Health Organization. The overall spatial pattern of intracellular and extracellular MCs in Poyang Lake demonstrates decreasing trends from east to west, and the south part higher than the north part. Intracellular MCs content was negatively correlated with total nitrogen (r = −0.34, p < 0.01) and NO 3 (r = −0.35, p < 0.01), while no significant correlation was found between intracellular MCs concentration and total phosphorus, NH 4 , and NO 2 ( p > 0.05), suggesting that NO 3 might be a regulating factor for MCs production in Poyang Lake. In addition, intracellular MCs concentrations were positively correlated with wind speed, Microcystis and Cyanobacteria biomass (r = 0.34–0.51, p < 0.05), indicating that wind speed plays an important role in the spatial distributions of MCs, and NO 3 , toxic cyanobacteria (mainly Microcystis ), and wind speed seem to be the important forcing factors driving MCs spatial distributions in Poyang Lake.
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JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
·
2015
·Vol. 17
·期 2
·1-11
·
IF 2.184
Zhang Yan,Lin Xia,Du Xuli,Geng Sicong,Li Hongren,Sun Hong,Tang Xing,Xiao Wei
In this work, we designed and developed a delivery system composed of enteric Eudragit L100-cysteine/reduced glutathione nanoparticles (Eul-cys/GSH NPs) for oral delivery of insulin. First, interactions between Eul-cys and mucin glycoproteins, which are believed to be the result of disulfide bonds, were confirmed using rheology experiments. Subsequently, the insulin-loaded Eul-cys/GSH NPs were prepared by the diffusion method using the rich gel network multipore structure at the surface of the Eul-cys when the pH was higher than the p K a of Eul-cys polymer. The Eul-cys/GSH NPs obtained were characterized by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results obtained showed that the average particle size ranged from 240 to 280 nm, and the particles were almost spherical in shape. The in vitro drug release results showed that the Eul-cys/GSH NPs retained a large amount of insulin in simulated gastric fluid, while a significant insulin release was found in simulated intestinal fluid. The in situ release study suggested that NPs released a greater amount of FITC-insulin (49.2 %) into the intestinal mucus layer compared with that of FITC-insulin solution (16.4 %), which facilitating insulin delivery through the intestinal mucosa. Eul-cys/GSH NPs exhibited promising mucoadhesive properties demonstrated using an in vitro cell model. Consequently, NPs were introduced into the ileum loop of healthy rats, thus enhancing the intestinal absorption of insulin and providing a prolonged reduction in blood glucose levels. These results suggest that Eul-cys/GSH NPs may be a promising delivery system for the treatment of diabetes.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2015
·
IF 2.752
Dongming Qi,Chenghai Liu,Zhijie Chen,Hangnan Chen,Chujuan Huang,Zhihai Cao
A formation mechanism of guava-like polymer/SiO 2 nanocomposite particles (NCPs) in in situ emulsion (co) polymerization systems based on the enhanced homogenous nucleation was proposed in the present paper. The reactive 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate modified SiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) were chemically linked to form a large amount of SiO 2 clusters at the beginning of polymerization. The formation of the SiO 2 clusters driven by highly efficient grafting reaction of monomers to SiO 2 NPs could be regarded as an enhanced homogenous nucleation process. The SiO 2 clusters functioned as the main polymerization loci to form guava-like polymer/SiO 2 NCPs in the following polymerization process. The morphological evolution of the polymer/SiO 2 NCPs, and the role of the grafting reaction and nucleation pattern in the formation of the guava-like polymer/SiO 2 NCPs were systematically investigated.
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2015
·
IF 2.515
Zheng-zhong Lin,Hong-yuan Zhang,Lu Li,Zhi-yong Huang
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) synthesized through suspension polymerization were used as the adsorbent for the detection of malachite green (MG) in fish samples. The morphological, thermal and magnetic properties of the MMIPs were characterized. The influence of polymerization condition on the absorption capacity of the MMIPs for MG was explored. The results gave the optimum polymerization condition as follows: using MG (0.25 mmol) as template, methacrylic acid (1 mmol) as monomer , ethylene dimethacrylate (5 mmol) as cross linker, 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (100 mg) as initiator, Fe 3 O 4 (100 mg) as magnetic nuclei, and PVA (1%) as dispersant . Under the optimum condition the apparent maximum adsorption capacity of MMIPs is 5693 μg·g − 1 with dissociation constant being 23.5 mg·L − 1 . The MMIPs also have strong magnetic responses to an external magnet, which enable the rapid separation from the sample solution. The MMIPs were employed for the detection of MG residue in fish samples combined with HPLC . The recoveries of spiked MG in fish samples ranged from 82.7% to 111% with RSD in the range of 2.0%–12.8%. The MMIPs can retain 90% of the original adsorption capacity even if used for 5 times. Thus, the prepared MMIPs can be applied to the sample pretreatment for separation and enrichment of MG residue in fish samples.
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Scientific Reports
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 4.259
Cheng Guanghuan,Sun Mingyang,Lu Jingrang,Ge Xinlei,Zhang Huihui,Xu Xinhua,Lou Liping,Lin Qi
The observed strong sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) to biochar presents potential implications for HOCs bioavailability and bioaccessibility in sediments, while biochar could impact sediment microbial ecology. However, the comprehensive study on the effects of biochar on HOC biodegradation coupled with bioavailability and microbial ecology are rarely documented. In this paper, the effects of biochar on the biodegradation of nonylphenol (NP) were investigated using 3 different NP concentrations (20, 50 and 500 mg/Kg) in sediments amended with different percentage of rice straw biochar (RC). Results showed that the influence of RC on NP biodegradation varied with different NP concentrations. At low NP concentrations, RC suppressed NP biodegradation by reducing NP bioavailability, while at high NP concentrations, moderate RC addition promoted biodegradation by reducing toxicity of NP to microbes. The effects of NP on microbial community structures were significant ( P < 0.01), but those of RC were not significant ( P > 0.05). The RC affected microorganisms through altering NP toxicity, microbial quantity and activity, but not microbial community structures. This study indicated that there could be an optimal biochar percentage in biochar-sediment systems at different HOC concentrations, which strengthened HOC biodegradation process and accelerated biodegradation rate, forming adsorption-biodegradation coupled bioremediation.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 4.529
Li Ma,Lin Wang,Jie Tang,Zhaoguang Yang
Arsenic speciation and heavy metal distributions have been investigated in locally grown rice grains from Guangdong Province, Southern China. A total of 41 polished rice grain samples were collected throughout Guangdong Province. Arsenite (As(III)), as the predominant form found in the rice, was positively correlated ( p < 0.01) with total As (tAs) concentration. However, the percentage of As(III) reduced while tAs concentration increased (r = −0.361, p < 0.05), due to restricted accumulation and translocation of As(III) in rice grains at high level of tAs. Statistical and geostatistical analyses were applied to investigate potential origins of heavy metals in rice. Only Cd, Cu and Ni were identified as influenced by anthropogenic sources such as industrial and commercial activities. As and Pb were primarily controlled by natural occurrence. The results of health risk assessment implied that continuous intake of rice grown in Guangdong Province could cause considerably non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk to local inhabitants.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2017
·
IF 2.323
Yang Yang,Weiwei Tang,Xiaona Li,Dandan Han,Yumin Liu,Shichao Du,Teng Zhang,Shiyuan Liu,Junbo Gong
The solubility of benzoin in monosolvents (acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol) and binary solvent mixtures (ethyl acetate + methanol, ethyl acetate + ethanol) was measured using UV–vis spectroscopy at temperatures ranging from 283.15 K to 323.15 K. It can be seen from the data that the solubility of benzoin increases expectedly as temperature increases in a given solvent or solvent mixture, the solubility in acetone is maximum among six monosolvents which could be well explained by the existence of strong H-bonds, rather than the “like dissolves like” rule. In binary solvent mixtures, the solubility reaches maximum when the mole fraction of methanol is 0.1 in ethyl acetate + methanol mixed solvents, while the maximum exhibits at 0.2 of mole fraction of ethanol in ethyl acetate + ethanol. The solubility parameter was interpreted as the cosolvency of benzoin solubility in binary solvent mixtures. The solubility data were correlated by modified Apelbalt equation, CNIBS/R-K equation, λh equation, Jouyban–Acree model, and Van’t–JA equation. Mixing thermodynamic properties were further calculated and discussed regarding their roles in dissolution and solubility.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2016
·
IF 3.902
Weifeng Lin,Guanglong Ma,Jiang Wu,Shengfu Chen
Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (pSBMA) and poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate) (pCBMA) are two well-known zwitterionic polymers known for their excellent antifouling properties. In this work, these two zwitterionic polymers were compared both in vitro and in vivo . Both of them exhibited excellent antifouling properties and low macrophage uptake although there were negligible differences in resistance to nonspecific protein adsorption of their hydrogels and cell internalization of their star polymers. However, it is found that the β- Cyclodextrin-CBMA (CD-CBMA) showed a circulation time one order of magnitude longer than CD-SBMA, which implied that small differences in vitro may lead to a dramatic difference in vivo . This work demonstrated that pCBMA showed greater potential than pSBMA in biomedical applications.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2016
·
IF 4.219
Hongying Su,Qingming Jia,Shaoyun Shan
Polysaccharide-based microgels with high water content, excellent biocompatibility and controllable particle size have been widely studied as ideal candidates for drug release and delivery. In this study, microgels based on dextran were developed via the Schiff base formation between aldehyded dextran and ethylenediamine in a water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsion. Particle size of the resulted microgel was controllable between 800 and 1100 nm by modulating the amount of the employed co-surfactants (Span 80/Tween 80). Furthermore, fluoresceins ( e.g. , aminofluorescein) and drugs ( e.g. , doxorubicin) with free amino groups can be conjugated onto the network of the dextran-based microgel via Schiff base linkages. Since the Schiff base linkages are degradable via hydrolysis and their stability decreases with the environmental pH decreases, the resulted Schiff bases contained microgel showed a pH dependent degradation profile. These results indicated that the pH-sensitive microgel based on dextran could be used as promising drug delivery systems for biomedical applications.
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CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2017
·Vol. 33
·期 2
·172-178
·
IF 1.024
He Yangfang,Liu Wenlong,Su Rui,Xiu Yang,Pei Jin
The use of direct analysis in real-time(DART) mass spectrometry(MS) for direct detection of saponins and oligosaccharides is difficult mainly because of the strong polarity of these molecules, which results in challenges re-garding desorption and ionization of the compounds. Structure derivatization, such as methylation, is essential for improving the volatility and the proton affinity of saponin and oligosaccharides. In this study, solid-phase methylation of saponins and oligosaccharides was accomplished in a stainless steel methylation column, and the methylated products of astragaloside, salidroside, icariin, ginsenosides(Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, Re, Rf and Rg1), maltose, isomaltose, sucrose and maltotriose were analyzed using DART-MS. Fragmentations occurred during ionization and tandem mass spectrometry, and most fragments corresponded to the glycosidic bond, cross-ring cleavages, and the neutral loss of CH 3 OH ions, but the aglycone cleavage fragment was not detected. Furthermore, the method was successfully used in the rapid and simultaneous analysis of saponins and oligosaccharides in a ginseng extract; quantitative analysis of ginsenoside Rb1 was also carried out, and consistent content results were obtained in DART-MS and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).
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