CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Hongwu Liao,Chong Wang,Jiaxian Zheng,Zhuo Chen,Yulin Zhou,Chengning Ye,Xiangfeng Lin,Meng An,Yusuke Yamauchi,Yusuke Asakura,Zhanhui Yuan
Photocatalytic depolymerization of lignin offers a sustainable approach to producing high-value-added aromatic compounds. Recently, carbon nitride has demonstrated notable selectivity for the C C bonds in lignin model compounds. However, limitations of pure carbon nitride include the low mobility of photogenerated electrons and the difficulty in precisely controlling the cleavage pathways and products of C C bonds. In this study, we constructed an S-Scheme heterojunction by in situ loading of Ce ions onto C 3 N 4 to form a CeO 2 /C 3 N 4 composite. This heterojunction achieves efficient lignin depolymerization under blue LED irradiation in an oxygen-rich environment. Comparative analysis indicated that the yield of primary products, benzaldehyde and phenyl formate, increased by 7.8-fold and 7.75-fold, respectively, compared with pure CeO 2 , and by 1.4 and 1.8 times relative to unmodified C 3 N 4 . After optimizing the reaction conditions, dealkalized lignin is applied to the system and successfully depolymerized. Comprehensive characterization and theoretical simulations verify the heterojunction's ability to enhance carrier separation and redox activity, with CeO 2 serving as an active dehydrogenation site that significantly boosts the depolymerization efficiency of lignin model compounds. This photocatalytic strategy presents a valuable step forward in lignin valorization and supports the sustainable utilization of biomass resources.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Jinsong Wang,Farzad Seidi,Xiaotong Shi,Chengcheng Li,Yang Huang,Huining Xiao
The development of self-healing ecofriendly coatings for anticorrosion applications provides stronger protection than passive coatings and mitigates the environmental pollution resulting from petroleum-derived coatings. Due to its intrinsic anticorrosion characteristics, lignin is a viable precursor for the formulation of self-healing anticorrosion coatings. However, the structural rigidity of lignin and the lack of self-healing functionalities in pristine lignin-based coatings hinder the comprehensive application of lignin in this field. Accordingly, we introduced Diels-Alder (DA)-based self-healing functions in the lignin-based coatings and meanwhile, the coatings were chemically conjugated with corrosion inhibitors to further improve the anticorrosion performance. A thin layer (16 μm) of the coating increased the E corr from −480 mV (for bare steel) to +91 mV and reduced the corrosion rate (CR) >4000 times. The dual self-healing properties of the coating are attributed to the synergistic action of the DA adduct and the conjugated corrosion inhibitor. Practically, in response to the emergence of microcracks in the coating structure, trace amounts of the corrosion inhibitor are released into the microcracks to form a protective layer on the unveiled metal surface. Simultaneously, DA adducts undergo reversible reactions at specific temperatures (50–120 °C) promoting complete restoration of the microcrack.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Zi Feng He,Chang Li,Tian Xing Fang,Dong Yu Zhu,Qianyun Deng,Weifeng Liu,Xueqing Qiu
Polyurethanes are widely utilized across various fields. In the pursuit of sustainable development, current research prioritizes the development of bio-based, environmentally friendly polyurethanes. Wood flour, a type of biomass waste, faces significant challenges in achieving high-value utilization. In this study, wood flour was pretreated with sodium hydroxide solution to generate extracted lignin (Elig) and alkali-treated wood flour (AWF), which were subsequently employed to fabricate biodegradable polyurethane elastomers. Elig was further modified with polycaprolactone (PCL) to enhance its reactivity and flexibility, serving as a biological macromolecule crosslinker in the synthesis of lignin-based polyurethane [PU(Plig)]. Tough polyurethane composite elastomers were then obtained by incorporating AWF into PU(Plig). The resulting PU composite elastomer, PU(Plig@AWF), containing strong interfacial interaction between Elig and AWF, exhibited high toughness (188.15 MJ/m 3 ), excellent UV resistance (with stress and strain retention rates of 77.92 % and 77.07 %, respectively, after 96 h of ultraviolet aging), and outstanding biodegradability (with a mass loss of 19.06 % observed after 50 days of soil degradation testing). Additionally, leveraging the unique characteristics of lignin and wood flour (WF), the elastomer demonstrated remarkable light/thermal-electric conversion capabilities, effectively powering a fan. This study advances the development of biomass-based, multifunctional polyurethane elastomers with enhanced cost-efficiency.
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Advanced Science
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2025
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IF 14.1
Yanyan Yu,Yilin Li,Yuhan Lou,Mengyuan Chen,Yongzhuang Liu,Haipeng Yu
Catalytic refining of lignin holds promise for producing sustainable platform chemicals. In this work, a gaseous hydrogen-free catalytic hydrodeoxygenation system is developed for upgrading lignin-derived phenols to alkane chemicals. Commercially available Raney Ni and HZSM-5 are used as a combinational catalyst, with isopropanol serving as the hydrogen-donating solvent. By modifying the temperature and the ratio of Raney Ni to HZSM-5, the reaction pathways for hydrogenation and deoxygenation can be tailored to specific requirements. As a result, a 97.1% yield of alkane fuels is achieved, with 64.4% propylcyclohexane and 32.7% propylbenzene obtained in one-pot reaction from the hydrodeoxygenation of 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol using a 3:1 mass ratio of Ni to HZSM-5, further increasing the ratio of HZSM-5 leads to a selectively production of propylbenzene in 62.0% yield. Through careful regulation of the catalytic system and the design of hydrogenation–deoxygenation pathways, excellent yields of 4-propylcyclohexanol (92.2%), propylcyclohexene (93.3%), and propylcyclohexane (93.2%) are directionally achieved. The catalyst maintained a conversion rate of over 99% after five cycles, demonstrating excellent robustness. This study offers a strategic system that expedites the selective upgrading of lignin-derived chemicals, heralding a pathway toward sustainable fuels and chemicals.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
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2025
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IF 6.3
Qiyi Gan,Huakang Yang,Zining Zhang,Jun Liu,Yudong Guo,Dongxiang Luo,Xiao Liu
In lignin valorization systems, CdSe@CdS nanorods exhibit exceptional photocatalytic performance, where precise control over the rates of oxidation and reduction reactions is crucial. This study introduces a ligand modulation strategy that involves the incorporation of mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and hexafluorophosphate (PF₆⁻) onto the surface of the nanorods to achieve a balanced redox reaction profile. The inorganic PF₆⁻ ligand primarily promotes reduction reactions, whereas MPA enhances hole transfer. By optimizing the distribution ratio of these ligands, the study achieved a significant enhancement in photocatalytic efficiency, resulting in a 94 % conversion rate for 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (PP-ol) and yields of 67 % and 66 % for phenol and acetophenone, respectively. The distinct roles of MPA and PF₆⁻ can be attributed to their respective spatial site resistances, electrostatic interactions, and surface passivation characteristics. MPA, with its larger spatial resistance, stabilizes and extends hole lifetimes, thereby enhancing hole transfer efficiency. In contrast, PF₆⁻ exhibits lower spatial resistance and stronger electrostatic effects, which facilitate accelerated electron transfer. Furthermore, the ligands optimize the transport pathways for both electrons and holes on the nanorod surface through passivation. This ligand design strategy provides valuable insights for the development of efficient nanorod photocatalysts aimed at biomass valorization.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Lihua Yang,Yu Jing,Linxiang Zhou,Dongming Qi,Xianghai Liao,Huan Wang,Kai Chen
The components and engineered structures of nanomaterials significantly influence their properties and functionalities. Inspired by the effective interfacial interactions between natural viruses and host cells, we developed a novel virus-like lignin/silver (Ag) nanoparticle with a spiky surface designed for antibacterial and antioxidant therapies. This study comprehensively examined the antibacterial performance of these composite materials with different morphologies against E. coli and S. aureus . It is worth noting that their rough surfaces enhanced bacterial adhesion, and reduced the effective interaction distance between ROS, Ag + , and bacteria, thereby significantly enhancing the antimicrobial activity. In vitro, results demonstrate the minimum inhibitory concentrations of virus-like lignin/silver (Ag) nanoparticles against S. aureus (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative) are 1.95 μg/mL and 3.9 μg/mL, respectively. According to the international standard ISO 2009 “Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices”, F1-LNS@Ag-60 has higher biosafety compared to colloidal Ag NPs. Additionally, the radical clearance rate of F1-LNS@Ag-x for ABTS· + reaches 88.9 %, indicating substantial potential for wound dressing applications. Furthermore, evaluations of masks reveal that these nanoparticles can effectively eliminate bacteria on the mask surface within 30 min, highlighting their promising potential in personal protection. The concepts and design for modulating the structure of these virus-like nanoparticles hold considerable promise for developing novel, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient lignin-based antibacterial materials to address antibiotic overuse.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.3
Siyu Wang,Jiayu Xin,Xi Zhao,Changliu He,Cui Li,Lei Zheng,Lin Chen,Xu Zhang
In this study, a high-strength organogel was successfully prepared using a ternary deep eutectic solvent containing choline chloride, glycerol, and aluminum chloride after the pretreatment of lignocellulose (pine wood). This organogel is based on poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). When assembled into a capacitor, the gel electrolyte exhibited an excellent electrochemical performance. This strategy provides a novel recycling method for the high-value utilization of lignin-rich pretreatment waste liquids. The DES-based gel containing lignin forms cross-links between the deep eutectic solvent (DES) and the polymer using lignin as an anchor point through redox reactions, significantly enhancing the mechanical properties of the organogel. The maximum breaking strength reached 0.67 MPa. The highest compressive strength was 1.45 MPa, and the highest compressive modulus was 10.85 MPa. The gel electrolyte was assembled in a supercapacitor, with an ionic conductivity as high as 63.43 mS cm–1. It exhibited a high specific capacitance of 212 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1 and maintained a capacitance retention rate of 71.37% at −40 °C. This study integrates DES in biomass pretreatment and supercapacitor energy storage, enabling high-value use of waste liquid and sustainable resource development. The biomass waste-based method reduces dependence on nonrenewable resources, offering a new sustainable development perspective.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Hongxin He,Xi Zhuang,Hao Yi,Yifan Liu,Yuancai Lv,Xiaoxia Ye,Liang Song,Chunxiang Lin,Minghua Liu
Eucommia ulmoides residue mainly contains lignocellulose and Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG), the comprehensive utilization of these components could not only help waste disposal but also support the sustainable development. Lignocellulose nanofibrils (E-LCNFs) with varying lignin contents were isolated from the residue waste produced from EUG extraction from Eucommia ulmoides pericarp using p -toluene sulfonic acid hydrolysis. The obtained E-LCNFs were then used as reinforcement to fabricate EUG/E-LCNFs composite films, which were then characterized and the wettability, mechanical and water vapor barrier properties were tested. Meanwhile, effect of lignin content on the performance of the composite films was also discussed. The results showed that limited incorporation of E-LCNFs as well as the presence of lignin greatly improved the water contact angle (WCA), mechanical properties and vapor barrier property of the composite films. Compared with the pure EUG film, the composite film incorporated 4 % E-LCNFs with lignin content of 17.53 % presented WCA of 99.9°, elongation at break of 422.5 % and water vapor permeability (WVP) values of 0.29 × 10 −9 g/m/h/Pa at RH of 75 %. Additionally, strawberry preservation experiments demonstrated that the EUG/E-LCNFs composite films could effectively extend the shelf life by reducing weight loss, enabling it to be a desirable alternative to traditional petroleum-based food packaging materials.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Xu Dong,Chenglong Fu,Jian Zhang,Fang Hu,Qingwei Ping
The enduring non-biodegradability of conventional pesticide packaging films, coupled with the potential health risks posed by pesticide residues adhering to their surfaces, has ignited substantial interest in the advancement of biodegradable and water-soluble carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based films. This study presents a green, environmentally sustainable approach using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to enhance the synthesis of ethanol lignin/CMC-based double-crosslinked water-soluble composite membranes (LCCPx), which, when dissolved in water upon application, automatically release pesticides, thereby eliminating the need for manual intervention to open the packaging. The results demonstrated that the PVA content significantly affected both the mechanical and gas barrier properties of the composite films. Compared to LCCP0, LCCP20 demonstrated enhanced mechanical properties, including a tensile strength of 41.9 MPa, elongation of 17 %, and a toughness of 573.99 kJ/m³. Furthermore, LCCP20 presents itself as an exceptionally promising candidate for the continued advancement of water-soluble multifunctional membrane technologies, attributable to its outstanding UV resistance stability, excellent water solubility, and biodegradability. This film not only demonstrates substantial potential as an environmentally sustainable and biodegradable water-soluble packaging material but also establishes a promising research avenue for replacing conventional plastic films in pesticide inner packaging.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2025
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IF 8.2
Qifeng Li,Wenzhi Jiang,Xiaoling Wu,Hongming Lou,Xueqing Qiu,Zhixian Li
Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) precisely emulate enzyme catalytic centers at the atomic level, offering exceptional catalytic efficiency and selectivity. Inspired by the heme structure of natural enzymes, this study introduces chlorine axial coordination into the Fe–N3O single-atom nanozyme, constructing a unique Fe–N3O–Cl catalytic site (Fe–N/O/Cl–C SA). As a result, the Fe–N/O/Cl–C SA demonstrates remarkable peroxidase-like activity toward the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), achieving a catalytic efficiency 1.96-fold greater than horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further reveal that axial chlorine coordination significantly reduces the reaction energy barrier, complementing the planar oxygen coordination, which shortens the activation pathway for H2O2. Moreover, the Fe–N/O/Cl–C SA efficiently catalyzes the oxidative depolymerization of birch lignin under mild conditions, producing high-value aromatic monomers such as vanillin and cinnamaldehyde. These findings underscore the critical role of chlorine axial coordination in enhancing catalytic performance and highlight the great potential of single-atom nanozymes in biomass conversion and renewable energy applications.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Kejie Huang,Miaomiao Wang,Yasen Xin,Qianru Zhang,Chen Huang,Fei Song,Min Huang,Guigan Fang,Xiuxiu Zou
Advances in the processing of lignin based materials have brought to a new approach for the development of human- and eco- friendly wearable ultra violet (UV)shielding products. However, it is still a challenge to achieve the trade-off between UV shielding property and biocompatibility. Herein, dispersion stable lignin nanospheres (LNPs) with biocompatible property were designed via a simple and inexpensive method in a water/tetrahydrofuran (THF) system, and its chemical characteristics were hardly changed. Subsequently, an optics protective film with multifunction and safety was prepared without any chemical modifiers by adulterating LNPs into Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The LNPs/PVA film exhibited advanced characteristics, including UV shielding property (≥99.9 % at wavelength range of UVB), optical transparency (84.85 % at 550 nm) and mechanical performances (strength to 18.25 MPa and strain to 316.12 %). Meanwhile, a scalable strategy was proposed that LNPs was used to the surface functional coating of cotton fabric (CF) to fabricate human wearable UV shielding products. The prepared LNPs/CF exhibited superior UV shielding property with UV protection factor (UPF) of >900 and air permeability of 372.25 cm 3 /m 2 . d . Pa. Significantly, the LNPs/CF showcased superior comprehensive properties, including washing resistance, sewaging resistance and abrasing resistant, which maintained its original properties at extreme environment ( e.g. high and low temperature). This work paves a feasible avenue to develop multifunctional bio-based materials supported on future wearable UV protection products.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2025
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IF 7.9
Tong Lei,Xiaoqian Gai,Huijie Wang,Ming Yan,Runxian Wang,Farzad Seidi,Huining Xiao,Chao Liu
In this study, alkali lignin (AL), a byproduct of the sulfate pulping process, is utilized as a precursor to synthesize hierarchical porous carbon sub-microspheres (HALCS) with high specific surface area through high shear homogenization and chemically activated carbonization. The implementation of high-speed mechanical shear effectively reduces the particle size of lignin, leading to the formation of sub-microparticles. HALCS with distinct grooves and petal-like structures are obtained through a chemical activation-assisted high-temperature carbonization process. HALCS exhibits a hierarchical pore structure comprising macropores, mesopores, and micropores, with a specific surface area reaching 898.8 m 2 /g and a pore volume of 0.634 cm 3 /g, significantly surpassing alkali lignin-derived carbon (ALC) produced under similar carbonization conditions. In the 1 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte environment, HALCS exhibits a specific capacitance of 433 F/g at a current density of 0.8 A/g. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor based on HALCS achieves maximum energy density and corresponding power density values of 17.2 Wh/kg and 100 W/kg, respectively, while maintaining excellent cycling stability undergoing 5000 charge-discharge cycles. Consequently, this straightforward and environmentally friendly synthesis strategy for alkali lignin-derived hierarchical porous carbon sub-microspheres opens up new avenues for the utilization of carbon materials derived from biomass in high-performance energy storage devices.
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