Polymers
·
2016
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·10
·
IF 2.944
Bo Jin,Juan Shen,Xiaoshuang Gou,Rufang Peng,Shijin Chu,Haishan Dong
A series of energetic polymers, poly(vinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal)-g-polyglycidylazides (PVTNP-g-GAPs), were synthesized via cross-linking reactions of PVTNP with three different molecular weight GAPs using toluene diisocyanate as the cross-linking agent. The structures of these energetic polymers were characterized by ultraviolet visible spectra (UV–Vis), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). The glass-transition temperatures of these energetic polymers were measured with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method, and the results showed that all the measured energetic polymers have two distinct glass-transition temperatures. The thermal decomposition behaviors of these energetic polymers were evaluated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermogravimetric analysis tandem infrared spectrum (TGA-IR). The results indicated that all the measured energetic polymers have excellent resistance to thermal decomposition up to 200 °C, and the initial thermal decomposition was attributed to the breakdown of azide group. Moreover, the sensitivity properties of these energetic polymers were measured with the national military standard methods and their compatibilities with the main energetic components of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-based melt-cast explosive were evaluated by using the DTA method. The results indicate that these energetic polymers have feasible mechanical sensitivities and can be safely used with TNT, cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX), 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB).Keywords:energetic polymer;poly(vinyl 2,4,6-trinitrophenylacetal)-g-polyglycidylazides;thermal stability;sensitivity property;compatibility
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Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·804-812
·
IF 0
Chen Ling,Liu Yumeng,Matras-Postolek Katarzyna,Yang Ping
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nano-materials with different morphologies were prepared in this study by two-steps through controlling the mercapto group-induced assembly. Mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPS)-decorated SiO2 nanospheres were employed
as hard templates to produce g-C3N4 in the first step. Different morphologies of g-C3N4, such as hollow spheres, nanotubes and quasi-belts, were created in the second step by controlling the concentration of etching agents, reaction time, and process.
During the etching process, the mercapto groups in MPS can induce the assembly of g-C3N4 and play a crucial role of tuning the morphologies of g-C3N4, which is the key point for morphology adjustment. To enhance photolysis activity, cobalt-, boron-,
and carbon-doped g-C3N4 were further prepared to tune the band gap and absorption in visible light. The morphologies of doped samples changed after doping. In addition, carbon self-doped g-C3N4 exhibited the best photo-redox activity due to increased
visible light absorbance, electrical conductivity, and narrow band gap.
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Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·333
·
IF 3.426
Yifan Chen,Qian Li,Yujie Li,Qijun Zhang,Jingda Huang,Qiang Wu,Siqun Wang
In this work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) obtained by the acid hydrolysis of waste bamboo powder were used to synthesize cellulose nanocrystal-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (CNC-g-P(AA/AM)) aerogels via graft copolymerization followed by freeze-drying. The structure and morphology of the resulting aerogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the CNC-g-P(AA/AM) aerogels exhibited excellent absorbent properties and adsorption capacities. Subsequent Pb(II) adsorption studies showed that the kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order equation, while the adsorption isotherms were best described using the Langmuir model. The maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity calculated by the Langmuir model reached up to 366.3 mg/g, which is a capacity that outperformed that of the pure CNC aerogel. The CNC-g-P (AA/AM) aerogels become structurally stable through chemical cross-linking, which enabled them to be easily regenerated in HCl solution and retain the adsorption capacity after repeated use. The aerogels were found to maintain 81.3% removal efficiency after five consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore, this study demonstrated an effective method for the fabrication of an aerogel adsorbent with an excellent reusability in the effective removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions.Keywords:cellulose nanocrystal;graft copolymerization;aerogel;adsorption;lead
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 18
·11069-11076
·
IF 10.733
Zongjie Sun,Yuhan Li,Shuyang Zhang,Lei Shi,Hu Wu,Huaitian Bu,Shujiang Ding
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are expected to improve the safety and performance of lithium ion batteries (LIB). However, the low ionic conductivity limit the further application of PEO based electrolytes. Herein, g-C3N4 nanosheets is proposed as a novel filler for PEO based electrolytes. The addition of g-C3N4 improves the electrical properties (ionic conductivity, lithium ion transference number and electrochemical window), mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite electrolyte. The two-dimensional g-C3N4 forms an effective ion transport network in the composite electrolyte. In addition, the surface atoms of the g-C3N4 interact with groups in the lithium salt, promoting further dissociation of the lithium salt. Furthermore, the all solid state batteries assembled by the g-C3N4 composite electrolyte exhibited good cycle performance at 60 °C (remained at 155 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles). Owing to the simple synthesis and environmental friendliness, g-C3N4 nanosheets has a certain practical prospect as a filler for solid polymer electrolytes.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2014
·
IF 4.331
Fa-tang Li,Ye Zhao,Qing Wang,Xiao-jing Wang,Ying-juan Hao,Rui-hong Liu,Dishun Zhao
Novel Al 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction photocatalysts were fabricated through ultrasonic dispersion method. Al 2 O 3 , obtained via solution combustion, contained amorphous ingredient with lots of defect sites and was used as active component for transferring photo-induced electrons of g-C 3 N 4 . G-C 3 N 4 was grafted surface hydroxyl groups in the presence of ammonia aqueous solution to combine with Al 2 O 3 possessing positive charges via hydrogen bond . The XRD, SEM, element map, TEM , HRTEM, FT-IR, and XPS results indicate that these synthesized materials are two-phase hybrids of Al 2 O 3 and g-C 3 N 4 with interaction. The photocatalytic results for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) indicate that the most active heterojunction proportion is 60 wt.% g-C 3 N 4 :40 wt.% Al 2 O 3 , the visible light photocatalytic activity of which is 3.8 times that of a mechanical mixture. The enhanced performance is attributed to the high separation efficiency of photo-induced electrons from the LUMO of g-C 3 N 4 injected into the defect sites of Al 2 O 3 , which is verified by photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals and radical scavengers trapping experiments reveal holes (h + ) and superoxide anion radical ( O 2 − ) are the main active species responsible for the degradation of RhB.
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JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
·
2016
·
IF 1.988
Gongyan Liu,Kaijun Li,Haibo Wang
To develop a drug delivery system with long circulation and controlled drug release in cancer cells, polymeric micelles based on PEGylated chitosan-g-lipoic acid were prepared to use as a drug delivery platform. These micelles possessed good stability and were stable in physiological environment and high salt concentrations. The in vitro drug release results implied that the drug carrier could maintain their stability and minimize the payload leakage in systemic circulation, but release drugs faster under intracellular redox condition. Furthermore, the cellular uptake and therapeutic efficacy of the drug carrier were evaluated in vitro, and the results demonstrated that the drug carrier could escape from the endo/lysosomes of tumor cells effectively and present high cytotoxicity to tumor cells. Therefore, this drug delivery system has the potential to serve as a drug carrier for cancer therapy.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2013
·
IF 2.98
Xuefeng Hu,Huanhuan Ji,Fei Chang,Yongming Luo
In this study, a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) and degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in a simultaneous manner was reported through the catalysis of g-C 3 N 4 under visible light ( λ > 420 nm) irradiation. The effects of initial concentration of reactants, dissolved O 2 and pH value were investigated systematically. It indicated that, under the optimized concentration, the Cr(VI) reduction and 2,4,6-TCP oxidation could be accomplished in couple of hours in the presence of g-C 3 N 4 . And also, the O 2 involvement and low pH value were able to significantly improve the removal rate of Cr(VI) and 2,4,6-TCP. In addition, the reaction mechanism was investigated through monitoring the reduced states of Cr(VI) and active oxygen intermediates formed during photoreaction by ESR and XPS, as well as determining the degradation products of 2,4,6-TCP by HPLC–MS. The results supported that the redox reactions of Cr(VI) and 2,4,6-TCP can be performed simultaneously via a synergistic oxidation–reduction mechanism in the presence of g-C 3 N 4 under visible light irradiation.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2022
·
IF 7.129
Shihuan Lu,Xizi Li,Bingzhi Yu,Jiafeng Ding,Yuchi Zhong,Hangjun Zhang
Efficient treatment of cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophication waters by safe and reliable nanomaterials is a big challenge for reducing environmental health risks. Herein, a novel strategy combining palladium clusters (Pd n ) with g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposite was presented to achieve high-efficient removal of Microcystis aeruginosa cells through coagulation and breakage. Interestingly, 95.17% of algal cells (initial concentration of 5.6 × 10 6 cells mL −1 ) were promptly removed in the Pd/g-C 3 N 4 (5%) system within only 10 min and without visible light irradiation and persulfate activation. Both the release of potassium ion and microcystin during the removal process and the transmission electron microscope observations of Microcystis aeruginosa cells proved that the integrity of the algal cell membrane was destroyed. The removal of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) were further confirmed in the next process. Pd metal interaction and breakage against algal cells may cause disruption of algal cells. This study describes a novel technology for the superfast removal of harmful algae and may provide a new insight into the control of cyanobacterial blooms in practical applications.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 3.261
Yi Wang,Xinyan Xiao,Jiayi Chen,Xingye Zeng
A novel AgBr and GO co-decorated g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 (g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 /AgBr/GO) composite was successfully fabricated by hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted co-deposition of AgBr and GO onto g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 composite. The as-prepared composites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR, BET, XPS, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), photoluminescence spectra (PL), and electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The photocatalytic efficiency for tetracycline (TC) degradation over the as-prepared g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 /AgBr/GO composite is 91.64% within 100 min simulated sunlight irradiation, which is nearly 2.59 and 5.25-folds greater than those of the g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 and g-C 3 N 4 samples. The enhancement of photocatalytic performance is mainly ascribed to the introduction of AgBr and GO, which serve as photosensitizer and electron acceptor, respectively, confirmed by the results of DRS, PL, and EIS. The active species trapping experiments confirmed that O 2 − and h + are the dominant reactive species responsible for TC degradation. Furthermore, a reasonable n-n heterojunction-based photocatalytic mechanism for the g-C 3 N 4 /Ag 2 WO 4 /AgBr/GO composite was proposed.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 7.968
Mengying Yang,Yunfan Jia,Yun Chen,Pengcheng Yan,Li Xu,Junchao Qian,Feng Chen,Henan Li
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor is a promising analysis platform with high selectivity and sensitivity. Exploration of photoelectric active material with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency is the key condition to design a PEC aptasensor with excellent sensitivity. Herein, a PEC aptasensor was designed and constructed by g-C 3 N 4 /Bi 24 O 31 Cl 10 heterojunction as photoelectric active material for realizing sensitive detecting enrofloxacin (ENR) antibiotic. The formation of heterojunction can facilitate separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers and reduce the recombination rate, leading to the enhancement of photocurrent response compared to that of individual semiconductor. The ENR aptamer was introduced as the specific recognition element to realize excellent selectivity of the PEC aptasensor. Because ENR-aptamer complex can block the transfer of charge, the ENR-PEC aptasensor presented the decreased photocurrent response with the increasing of ENR concentration without external voltage. The developed ENR-PEC aptasensor presented excellent sensitivity and selectivity for detecting ENR with a detection range from 0.5 to 100 fM and a low detection limit of 0.167 fM (S/N = 3). The ENR-PEC aptasensor with good reproducibility may be potential for the determination of the actual samples.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Zili Liang,Jianan Dai,Meiting Zhao,Jing Ma,Jiaxing Zhang,Tengyue Zhang,Rui Liu
Background Escalating global water pollution from intensified industrial and agricultural activities has highlighted the urgent need for sustainable wastewater treatment. Semiconductor photocatalysis is a promising solution, yet conventional type-II heterojunctions often suffer from sluggish charge separation and weak redox capacity, limiting their practical application. Methods To address these challenges, a series of Z-scheme g-C 3 N 4 /BiVO 4 (CN/BV) heterojunctions were rationally engineered via hydrothermal temperature modulation (100-180 °C), enabling precise control of crystallinity, morphology, and band alignment. Advanced characterizations (XRD, TEM, UV-vis DRS, and XPS) were combined with EPR analysis, DFT calculations, and XPS valence band studies to elucidate the structure–property–activity relationship. Furthermore, machine learning models were integrated with experimental data to predict norfloxacin (NOR) degradation performance under diverse operational conditions. Significant Findings The optimized CN/BV composite synthesized at 120°C exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity, achieving 94.41 % degradation of norfloxacin (10 mg/L) within 120 min under visible light (λ > 420 nm), with an apparent rate constant ( k = 0.02618 min⁻¹), 4.83 times higher than BiVO 4 and 2.44 times higher than g-C 3 N 4 . EPR and radical trapping analyses identified •OH and •O₂⁻ as the dominant reactive species, while mechanistic evidence confirmed a direct Z-scheme charge transfer pathway enabling efficient carrier separation and strong redox capability. Integrating this rationally designed photocatalyst with machine-learning prediction ( R 2 = 0.8558, RMSE = 0.0510) establishes a data-driven framework for performance optimization. This study provides both a mechanistic insight and an intelligent design paradigm for next-generation photocatalysts targeting efficient degradation of emerging contaminants.
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Materials Science and Engineering B-Advanced Functional Solid-State Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Wenbin Huang,Ningran Hou,Han Yang,Zhen Xu,Tianyu Bai,Fan Shao,Yasong Zhou,Qiang Wei
Series g-C 3 N 4 /Cu/B-TiO 2 (x) composites with different mass ratio of g-C 3 N 4 to Cu/B-TiO 2 were prepared and tested for photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 . The structure–function relationship of the photocatalysts was investigated through various characterization methods and photocatalytic experiments. The results show that g-C 3 N 4 can be uniformly distributed on the surface of Cu/B-TiO 2 and formed a stable heterojunction structure, which effectively reduced the band gap width of the catalyst, thus significantly improving the visible light absorption capacity of the catalyst. The modulation of the composite material properties can be realized by regulating the composite ratio of g-C3N4 and Cu/B-TiO 2 . The rate and selectivity of photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to produce CO reached the maximum when the mass ratio of g-C 3 N 4 to Cu/B-TiO 2 was 3:7, and the rate of CO production was as high as 32.65 μmol∙g −1 ∙h −1 , which was about 12.87 percentage points higher than that of Cu/B-TiO 2 .
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