MOLECULES
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2024
·Vol. 29
·期 7
·1657
·
IF 4.2
Huiting Peng,Yiping Liu,Yinfeng Shen,Ling Xu,Jicun Lu,Ming Li,Hong-Liang Lu,Liming Gao
Efficient sensors for toluene detecting are urgently needed to meet people’s growing demands for both environment and personal health. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)-based sensors have become brilliant candidates for the detection of toluene because of their superior performance over gas sensing. However, gas sensors based on pure MOS have certain limitations in selectivity, operating temperature, and long-term stability, which hinders their further practical applications. Noble metals (including Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, etc.) have the ability to enhance the performance of MOS-based sensors via surface functionalization. Herein, ZnO nanoflowers (ZNFs) modified with bimetallic AuPt are prepared for toluene detection through hydrothermal method. The response of a AuPt@ZNF-based gas sensor can reach 69.7 at 175 °C, which is 30 times, 9 times, and 10 times higher than that of the original ZNFs, Au@ZNFs, and Pt@ZNFs, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor also has a lower optimal operating temperature (175 °C), good stability (94% of previous response after one month), and high selectivity towards toluene, which is the result of the combined influence of the electronic and chemical sensitization of noble metals, as well as the unique synergistic effect of the AuPt alloy. In summary, AuPt@ZNF-based sensors can be further applied in toluene detection in practical applications.
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SENSORS
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 24
·8100
·
IF 3.4
Zhenchao Sun,Shanfu Sun,Xidong Hao,Yinglin Wang,Caili Gong,Pengfei Cheng
Toxic acetone gas emissions and leakage are a potential threat to the environment and human health. Gas sensors founded on metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) have become an effective strategy for toxic gas detection with their mature process. In the present work, an efficient acetone gas sensor based on Au-modified ZnO porous nanofoam (Au/ZnO) is synthesized by polyvinylpyrrolidone-blowing followed by a calcination method. XRD and XPS spectra were utilized to investigate its structure, while SEM and TEM characterized its morphology. The gas sensitivity of the Au/ZnO sensors was investigated in a static test system. The results reveal that the gas-sensitive performance of porous ZnO toward the acetone can be enhanced by adjusting the loading ratio of noble Au nanoparticles. Specifically, the Au/ZnO sensor prepared by the Au loading ratio of 3.0% (Au/ZnO-3.0%) achieved a 100 ppm acetone gas response of 20.02 at the optimum working temperature of 275 °C. Additionally, a portable electronic device used a STM32 primary control chip to integrate the Au/ZnO-3.0% gas sensor with other modules to achieve the function of detecting and alarming toxic acetone gas. This work is of great significance for efficiently detecting and reducing acetone emissions.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Mei Cai,Chao He,Hulei Yu,Anze Shui
The construction of heterojunction for photocatalysis has garnered much research interest. Herein, we report the successful fabrication of a ternary dual S-scheme ZnO/ZnS/In 2 S 3 heterojunction with a higher photocatalytic capacity via a hydrothermal method . Specifically, the optimized ternary heterojunction ZSI0.35 sample achieves the 100 % photodegradation efficiency of RhB (10 mg/L, 50 mL) within 10 min, approximately 17 and 8 times higher than pure ZnO and ZnO/ZnS binary heterojunction, respectively. Further characterization results confirm the dual S-scheme heterojunction structure in the fabricated ZnO/ZnS/In 2 S 3 ternary heterojunction, and the improvement of photocatalytic properties can be attributed to the enhanced Brunauer Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, the improved redox capacity of the photocatalyst, and the quick charge transfer. Additionally, the possible photocatalytic mechanism is discussed according to the measurements. This work provides an efficient strategy of promising heterojunction photocatalysts for photocatalytic environmental remediation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Ying Chen,Minghua Lin,Zihang Peng,Yumei Shu,Minhua Ai,Li Wang,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou,Lun Pan
Homojunction is a viable alternative strategy to realize excellent charge separation for enhancing photoelectrocatalytic performance. However, the feasible regulation of the homojunction interface remains challenging. Herein, a ZnO n-p homojunction with the piezotronic effect is constructed via an in-situ solvothermal method for enhancing photoelectrocatalytic activity. ZnO nanorods are transformed from n-type to p-type ZnO nanoparticles with zinc vacancies, leading to the n-p homojunction. The optimal NPZ-36 exhibits a superior photocurrent density of 1.56 mA/cm 2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE and a high incident photon to current conversion efficiency of 75 % at 360 nm. Impressively, with the merits of inherent piezoelectric and photocatalytic properties of wurtzite ZnO, the piezoelectric-enhanced photoelectrochemical activity originates from the simultaneous promotion of bulk charge transfer and interfacial charge separation in ZnO n-p homojunction. The photocurrent density of NPZ-36–900 can reach to 2.02 mA/cm 2 under the stirring rate of 900 rpm, which is 2.1 times higher than that of pure ZnO photoanode.
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Carbon Letters
·
2024
·
IF 5.5
Liu Rui,Zhang Xin,Tan Chong
Environmental-friendly photocatalytic technology is attracting considerable attentions in the filed of antibiotic degradation. In this work, an innovative Ag/ZnO/Bi 2 WO 6 catalyst was fabricated using sol–gel and ultrasonic methods for the degradation cefuroxime sodium in wastewater. The optimized Ag/ZnO/Bi 2 WO 6 photocatalyst demonstrated the a remarkable 77.0% photocatalytic efficiency within 180 min under simulated solar sunlight, with an apparent rate constant of 0.01085 min −1 . This efficiency is notably 6.02 and 1.41 times higher than that of pure ZnO and Ag/ZnO, respectively. The Ag/ZnO/Bi 2 WO 6 photocatalyst achieved a degradation efficiency of up to 72.3% in tap water and polluted river water, while achieving 65.7% degradation in pulping wastewater and pharmaceutical wastewater. Experiments involving reactive species scavenging and electron paramagnetic resonance implied that hydroxide radicals were the predominant active species responsible for the degradation. The enhanced catalytic mechanism and degradation pathway were elucidated, providing valuable insights into the construction and development of high-performance catalysts based on zinc oxide.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Fei Yuan,Ziyu Wu,Sijia Zhang,Zhaojin Li,Qiujun Wang,Huilan Sun,Di Zhang,Wei Wang,Bo Wang
Coupling sites of nitrogen-dopants and intrinsic carbon defects (N/DC) are highly attractive to improve potassium-storage capacity and cycling stability, yet it is hard to effectively construct them. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to establish abundant N/DC sites in N -doped carbon (ZIF8/NaBr-1-900) by pyrolyzing the mixture of metal–organic framework (ZIF8)/sodium bromide (NaBr). Systematic investigations disclose that the introduced NaBr can promote the full conversion of Zn-N 4 moieties into zinc oxide (ZnO) via a “bait and switch” mechanism. Such formed endogenous ZnO can etch the carbon matrix of the confined domains around the N dopants during pyrolysis process, and meanwhile the released N -atoms from Zn-N 4 moieties can largely form edge-N. As such, these N/DC coupling sites enable the resultant carbon to have a more significant capacitive behavior related to fast K-ion migration and high structural stability, leading to 255.3 mAh/g at 2 A/g with a prolonged cycle lifespan over 2000 cycles. Moreover, the assembled K-full battery presents a high energy density of 171.2 Wh kg −1 and excellent cyclability over 5000 cycles. This NaBr-mediated endogenous ZnO domain-confined etching strategy provides a new insight into the exploration of advanced carbon anode.
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IONICS
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Chen Pengfei,Li Jin
SnO 2 quantum dots, ranging from 10 to 30%, were combined with ZnO nanosheets to create a heterojunction photocatalyst. This composite was generated using a basic hydrothermal method, which was then followed by high-temperature calcination to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnO. The results showed that the synthesized SnO 2 nanoparticles with tetragonal rutile phase and ZnO nanosheets with hexagonal fibrillar zincite phase, the coupling of SnO 2 quantum dots and ZnO nanosheets improved the separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers, and at the same time broadened the photoresponse range. Through the degradation of the organic dye Rhodamine B (RhB), the best photocatalytic activity was found at 20% amount of SnO 2 in the composite sample (SZ-2), and the degradation efficiency of RhB reached 96.5% at the light irradiation time of 100 min. In addition, an in-depth study of the photocatalytic mechanism of the constructed heterojunction by active group trapping experiments, and the results showed that •O 2 − and h + were the main active substances in this degradation system. Meanwhile, the SZ-2 photocatalyst was tested for five cycles, and the degradation efficiency of the 5th cycle was 72%. The cycle test indicates that the SZ-2 sample is highly stable and reusable. Therefore, the results showed that the prepared SnO 2 /ZnO heterojunction photocatalysts are suitable materials for degrading organic dyes.
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CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
·
2024
·
IF 3.2
Yanyan Peng,Dayong Jiang,Man Zhao,Mingyang Li,Haoda Li,Siyuan Li
Hybrid heterojunction photodetectors (PDs) have received widespread attention due to their excellent optoelectronic performance. This study investigated the combination of ZnO with organic–inorganic perovskites to develop a high-performance heterojunction hybrid PD. The developed PD showed optical responses of 0.70 and 0.86 A/W at 350 and 850 nm. The detectivity achieved values of 3.98 × 1011 and 4.92 × 1011 Jones, while the external quantum efficiency stood at 246.59 and 125.31%. In addition, the PD displays broad-band responsivity to illumination ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared light. Incorporating [6,6]-phenyl-C61 butyric acid (PCBM) into the perovskite film to form a bulk heterojunction further enhances the responsivity, detectivity, and photoconductivity gain. This enhancement is attributed to the improved separation of electron–hole pairs, resulting in optical responses of 3.55 and 3.94 A/W at 350 and 850 nm, respectively. Moreover, detectivity was measured with values of 3.64 × 1012 Jones and 4.04 × 1012 Jones, with external quantum efficiencies of 1258.88% and 574.82%.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 10.7
Ramasubba Reddy Palem,Byoung Ju Kim,Inho Baek,Hyejong Choi,Maduru Suneetha,Ganesh Shimoga,Soo-Hong Lee
Zinc oxide nanostructures (ZnO NS) were fabricated in situ within a ternary hydrogel system composed of carboxymethyl cellulose-agarose-polyvinylpyrrolidone (CAP@ZnO TNCHs) by a one-pot method employing moist-heat solution casting. The percentages of CMC and ZnO NS were varied in the CAP hydrogel films and then they were investigated by different techniques, such as ATR/FTIR, TGA, XRD, XPS, and FE-SEM analysis. Furthermore, the mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, swelling, porosity, and antibacterial activity of the CAP@ZnO TNCHs were studied. In-vitro biocompatibility assays were performed with skin fibroblast (CCD-986sk) cells. In-vitro culture of CCD-986sk fibroblasts showed that the ZnO NS facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation. Furthermore, the application of CAP@ZnO TNCHs enhanced cellular interactions and physico-chemical, antibacterial bacterial, and biological performance relative to unmodified CAP hydrogels. Also, an in vivo wound healing study verified that the CAP@ZnO TNCHs promoted wound healing significantly within 18 days, an effect superior to that of unmodified CAP hydrogels. Hence, these newly developed cellulose-based ZnO TNCHs are promising materials for wound healing applications.
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Food Bioscience
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Song-Yue Xu,Zi-Yi Wang,Qiong Wu,Feng-Wei Hu,Jin-Feng Zhao,Yu-Rong Zhang,Dong-Dong Zhang
Fungal contamination and mycotoxin production pose significant challenges to maize preservation. In response, we developed ZnO@SiO 2 nanocomposite, with zinc oxide nanoparticles as the core and mesoporous silica encapsulation. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) confirmed uniform morphology and good dispersion. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses validated the successful fabrication. Assessing the mycelial growth and mycotoxin production of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium graminearum , two predominant fungi during maize storage, Significant inhibition by the nanocomposites was observed in both maize flour medium and sterile kernels. In maize flour, it suppressed A. flavus and F. graminearum toxin production by over 64.11% and 80.53%, respectively. In maize kernels, DON, ZEN, AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 , and AFG 2 toxins were all inhibited by over 81.3%. Nanocomposite's effectiveness endured in practical storage, with inhibition rates exceeding 72.03% at an addition concentration of 3.0 g/kg. These findings suggest nanocomposite as a promising tool for mitigating mycotoxin contamination during maize storage, with implications for food safety enhancement.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Jun Wang,Dongliang Liu,Nan Yu,Pengfei Cheng,Lin Cheng,You Liu,Yu Zhang,Chenhui Li,Lianbi Li,Caijuan Xia
The development of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on metal/semiconductor nanostructured platforms has emerged as a promising technique for achieving highly sensitive and recyclable detection across various fields, including environmental monitoring, food safety, biomedical diagnostics, and the preservation of cultural heritage. However, the design and fabrication of cost-effective metal/semiconductor nanostructures suitable for SERS substrates remain a formidable challenge. In this study, a low-cost, recyclable SERS substrate based on Ag nanoparticle decorated ZnO nanosheets (Ag/ZnO NSs) arrays was developed using hydrothermal growth and photochemical reduction approaches. The optimized Ag/ZnO NSs arrays demonstrated local electric field enhancement and multi-path charge transfer, ensuring an enhancement factor of 10 7 and a detection limit of 10 −10 mol/L for crystal violet molecules. This research not only sheds light on the economical production of metal/semiconductor SERS substrates but also paves the way for a broader spectrum of SERS-based detection applications in diverse fields.
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SENSORS
·
2024
·Vol. 24
·期 23
·7623
·
IF 3.4
Yinying Liao,Lu Qiu,Yunfei Ouyang,Dayang Feng,Shiyi Huang,Zhaoyang Zhang,Xinyao Xie,Junwei Ke,Tianhao Liu,Xiangxiang Chen,Hongshan Bi,Weiran Zuo
This study investigates the ethanol gas-sensing mechanisms of ZnO nanocrystals with distinct morphologies, synthesized via a hydrothermal method using various alkali sources. Significant differences in the gas-sensing performance and morphology of ZnO samples synthesized with ammonium carbonate (Na2CO3), hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), ammonia solution (NH3·H2O), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were observed. ZnO were confirmed to be impurity-free through XRD analysis, and their morphological features were characterized by SEM. TEM, XPS, and FTIR were employed to further analyze the crystal structure and binding energy of ZnO. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with electron depletion layer theory were applied to assess charge transfer processes and identify the most sensitive ZnO crystal planes for ethanol detection. Experimental gas-sensing tests, conducted across 5–1000 ppm ethanol concentrations within a 150–350 °C range, showed that ZnO prepared with Na2CO3, HMTA, and NaOH was responsive at high ethanol concentrations as low as 100 °C, while ZnO synthesized with ammonia required 250 °C to exhibit sensitivity. All ZnO samples demonstrated excellent recovery at low concentrations at 250 °C. By integrating experimental findings with theoretical insights, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of ethanol gas-sensing mechanisms in ZnO, highlighting the role of crystal plane engineering and charge transfer dynamics as critical factors influencing gas response.
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