Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·125223
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IF 7.5
Haowen Zou,Neng Lv,Zihui Zhang,Jingfu Liu,Qikai Chen,Lei Dong,Hongkun Luo,Shicai Luo,Yaoyue Zhang,Ping Wang,Zhongkuan Wu,Haixiang Cheng,Feng He
SA-mZVI bm showed 22-fold faster Cr(VI) removal and 17-fold higher capacity. • Sustained electron transfer and inhibited passivation boost ES by 2-fold. • SA-mZVI bm maintained high performance in real waters, showing practical potential. Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is broadly applied in the remediation of toxic, carcinogenic, and highly mobile Cr(VI), but its inherent reactivity is drastically diminished due to rapid surface passivation during the reaction process. Herein, microscale ZVI (mZVI) was modified with inorganic acid sulfamic acid (SA) via ball-milling to fabricate SA-mZVI bm , and its Cr(VI) removal performance, reaction mechanism, and practical applicability were systematically investigated. Results showed that SA modification reshaped the surface oxide layer of mZVI, facilitating the formation of conductive Fe 3 O 4 and introducing sulfonic acid groups to enhance surface complexation capability. At an initial pH 5 and a dosage of 0.5 g/L, SA-mZVI bm achieved a Cr(VI) removal rate 22 times that of unmodified mZVI bm within the first 5 min, with a surface area-normalized removal capacity approximately 17 times greater over 5 h. Mechanistic studies revealed that SA corrosion restructured the oxide layer to boost Fe(II) generation. DFT calculations suggested that the SA-modified ZVI surface provided more accessible sites for Cr(VI) adsorption in a bidentate binuclear configuration (adsorption energy: −5.9 eV), shortening the Fe-Cr bond distance to 3.6 Å and accelerating electron transfer. Additionally, SA modification significantly improved the electron selectivity (88.4% vs 45.7%) and ZVI utilization efficiency (5.8% vs 0.2%), effectively alleviating surface passivation, while 94.6% of Fe 0 remained unused. SA-mZVI bm also demonstrated superior Cr(VI) removal performance in real water matrices and electroplating wastewater. This study provides new insights and theoretical guidance for developing efficient and stable inorganic acid-modified ZVI materials. Download: Download high-res image (190KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 5.1
Hao Chen,Huimin Gao,Wenbo Jiang,Xiaohua Lu,Hongliang Qian
Skeleton activated carbon retains the natural cellulose skeleton structure of biomass, resulting in a large surface area and green preparation. However, various biomass types make it difficult to obtain which biomass under what conditions the skeleton can be preserved through experiments. Seeking the temperature range where oxidants react preferentially with carbonized lignin over carbonized cellulose is the key to the successful preparation of skeleton activated carbon. Herein, based on the assumption that combining kinetic modeling with peak-splitting technique and generalizing the model enables prediction of whether the biomass can be prepared into skeleton activated carbon and the preparation conditions based solely on its composition. The combination of the CR method and peak-splitting technique can be used to fit biomass’s pyrolysis process and obtain the reaction temperature window between oxidants and carbonized cellulose/lignin. To enhance universal applicability, modified parameters E’ and n were incorporated into the predictive model. Finally, a universal biomass screening model was established by correlating modified parameters with biomass composition, eliminating the need for extensive experimentation in traditional screening processes.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 2.7
Pengfei Guo,Meng Wang,Yingbo Chen
BACKGROUND The treatment of industrial wastewater containing chromium (Cr(VI)) and rhodamine B (RhB) is a critical environmental protection issue. Fenton-like systems have been widely considered for their potential in wastewater treatment, but developing efficient and practical Fenton-like materials and methods remains a key challenge. This study focuses on exploring the effectiveness of a Fenton-like system composed of a zero-valent iron-based composite material (HTCTSIP-5) and exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for the removal of Cr(VI) and RhB from wastewater. RESULTS The effects of various parameters, including dosing methods, pH levels, content of HTCTSIP-5 and H₂O₂, and initial concentrations, on the removal efficiency were studied. Techniques such as electron paramagnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of removal of Cr(VI) and RhB. The results revealed that the HTCTSIP-5/H₂O₂ system exhibited high removal efficiencies for both Cr(VI) and RhB, with hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) identified as the key agents in RhB degradation. CONCLUSION This study confirms that the use of the HTCTSIP-5/H₂O₂ Fenton-like system is an effective approach for the treatment of wastewater containing Cr(VI) and RhB. It provided an effective material and method for industrial wastewater treatment, offering a valuable approach for environmental protection. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
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MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
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2026
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IF 5.2
Yuanyuan Wang,Peidong Huang,Jinshun Xu,Yingfei Hu,Weiwei Shao,Runhua Qin,Chi Zhang
To mitigate the challenges of rapid charge carrier recombination and restricted visible light absorption inherent in single-semiconductor photocatalysts for Cr(VI) reduction, a 2D/2D Z-scheme CaIn 2 S 4 /CeO 2 heterojunction was engineered. The optimized materials exhibited Cr(VI) reduction rate constants that were 3.4-fold and 20.8-fold greater than those of pristine CaIn 2 S 4 and CeO 2 , respectively. Nevertheless, critical limitations are apparent. The efficacy of the Z-scheme mechanism, which depends on electron transfer and surface-generated •O 2 − species, becomes rate-limiting under elevated Cr(VI) concentrations, with efficiency decreasing from approximately 98% at 40 mg/L to ∼76% at 60 mg/L. Furthermore, the photocatalytic system displays pronounced pH sensitivity, with neutral and alkaline conditions substantially suppressing activity owing to the formation of CrO 4 2− and surface passivation. Cyclic durability assessments revealed a progressive deactivation trend, with reduction efficiency declining from 98% to 84% over four reaction cycles, indicative of material attrition or active site poisoning. In conclusion, while the CaIn 2 S 4 /CeO 2 heterojunction demonstrates high photocatalytic efficacy, its performance is contingent on specific operational parameters, and its advantages are not universally applicable across varying concentrations or pH regimes. This research, therefore, offers not only a high-performance photocatalyst but also a crucial cautionary perspective, emphasizing the necessity of balancing interfacial charge transfer efficiency with the availability of reactive oxygen species and the prevailing reaction environment.
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Food Bioscience
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2026
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IF 6.2
Hongrui Guo,Rui Du,Zijing Dai,Zhidi Xu,Yanqiu Zhu,Xianxiang Wang
Escherichia coli ( E. coli )-induced diarrhea remains a major health challenge in yaks, leading to substantial economic losses in plateau livestock production. Meanwhile, the widespread use of antibiotics has accelerated the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, underscoring the urgent need for green and sustainable antibacterial alternatives. In this study, copper-doped Coptidis Rhizoma -derived carbon dots (Cu-CR-CDs) were successfully synthesized and systematically evaluated for their antibacterial, antioxidant, and intestinal barrier protective effects both in vitro and in vivo . Cu-CR-CDs exhibited a uniform spherical morphology with an average diameter of 3.48 nm, and copper incorporation markedly enhanced its free radical scavenging capacity and conferred with multiple enzyme-like activities, including peroxidase-, superoxide dismutase-, and glutathione peroxidase-like activities. Compared with CR-CDs, Cu-CR-CDs demonstrated significantly enhanced antibacterial activity against E. coli , primarily by disruption of bacterial membrane integrity, increasing permeability, inducing leakage of intracellular biomolecules, inhibiting biofilm formation, and promoting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In vitro experiments showed that Cu-CR-CDs effectively protected RAW264.7 macrophages and Caco-2 epithelial cells from H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory injury through scavenging intracellular ROS, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and restoring tight junction protein expression. In vivo , oral administration of Cu-CR-CDs markedly alleviated E. coli –induced diarrhea in mice, reduced intestinal mucosal damage, restored villus structure, mitigated epithelial barrier function, and attenuated systemic inflammation. Moreover, Cu-CR-CDs reshaped gut microbiota composition by decreasing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria (e.g., Proteobacteria, Deferribacteres, and Desulfovibrio ) while increasing beneficial taxa such as Muribaculum, Prevotellaceae, and Akkermansia . Collectively, these results demonstrate that Cu-CR-CDs, as a multifunctional nanozyme with superior performance over CR-CDs, exhibiting potent antibacterial and therapeutic effects against enteric infections, thereby highlighting their potential as a promising nanotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of bacterial diarrhea.
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 1.7
Sun Yubing,Zeng Nalan,Zhu Weiyu,Tang Shuai,Lu Xirui
The combined pollution of radionuclides, heavy metals and organics during uranium mining (i.e., association/coexist with heavy metals) or reprocessing of spent fuel (i.e., organic extraction) has become a prominent issue nowadays. Herein, the synergetic removal mechanism of U(VI), Cr(VI) and bisphenol(BPA) on porous covalent organic framework/graphitic carbon nitride (COF/g-C 3 N 4 ) was investigated using optical, microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Compared to g-C 3 N 4 (1%), the high photocatalytic reduction (77%) and the excellent stability (90% after 5 recycles) of U(VI) on COF/g-C 3 N 4 could be attributed to the highly efficient separation of photogenerated carrier and wide response range of COF/g-C 3 N 4 under visible light (low band gap of 1.98 eV). In the ternary system, the increased removal of U(VI) on COF/g-C 3 N 4 was due to the consumption of h + by Cr(VI) and BPA, whereas the further increase of Cr(VI) and BPA inhibited U(VI) removal due to the competition of active sites. The interaction mechanism of U(VI) on COF/g-C 3 N 4 was ascribed to superoxide radicals by trapping and XPS analysis. These findings are crucial for the actual application of COF/g-C 3 N 4 on simultaneous removal of radionuclides, heavy metals and organic in complexed systems. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Jiayang Zhao,Gang Liu,Xinmei Liu,Limin Dong,Dongbo Wang,Fei Li,Yuewu Huang,Zhitao Yang,Wenlong Yang,Liancheng Zhao
The practical implementation of semiconductor photocatalysis is often impeded by three key challenges: restricted light absorption, rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, and inadequate stability in complex aqueous environments. In this work, a g-C 3 N 4 /BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully fabricated. The synergistic effects of its porous structure, oxygen vacancies, and Bi–N bonds significantly boost the photocatalytic performance. Photoelectrochemical analyses reveal that the heterojunction not only extends the optical absorption edge to the visible region but also enhances the photocurrent response and reduces charge transfer resistance, leading to efficient separation and transport of photogenerated carriers. Under irradiation with a 300 W xenon lamp equipped with a 420 nm cutoff filter, the g-C 3 N 4 /BiOCl heterojunction exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) and reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) relative to pristine g-C 3 N 4 and BiOCl. Notably, the g-C 3 N 4 /BiOCl-2 sample achieved 99.12% removal of 20 mg/L Cr(VI) within 25 min, with a reaction rate constant of 0.10098 min −1 —1.88-fold and 2.72-fold higher than those of pristine BiOCl and g-C 3 N 4 , respectively.Environmental adaptability studies revealed that this heterojunction exhibited optimal Cr(VI) reduction performance under acidic conditions (pH=3). Its photocatalytic reduction efficiencies in deionized water, tap water, river water, and industrial wastewater were 97%, 87.6%, 81.4%, and 73.1%, respectively, highlighting its strong practical applicability in diverse aqueous environments. Common ion influence experiments further confirmed that NH 4 + promotes the reduction process, while CO 3 2- and PO 4 3- inhibit the reaction due to the alkaline environment generated by hydrolysis. Cl - , SO 4 2- , and Ca 2+ had negligible effects. Cycling tests revealed that g-C 3 N 4 /BiOCl-2 maintained over 85% photocatalytic activity after five cycles, exhibiting superior durability compared to pure g-C 3 N 4 (11.1%) and BiOCl (39.7%). This work enhance the photocatalytic reduction of heavy metals in complex aqueous environments through the construction of a highly efficient and stable S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst, thereby offering theoretical and experimental foundations for the degradation of industrial dye pollutants.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Xinchun Liu,Ruyu Zhao,Xiaolin Li,Daidai Wang,Yinyong Sun
A novel and robust catalyst for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of fuel oil was fabricated by encapsulating titanium-oxo clusters with amino-groups (Ti 6 abz 6 , abz denotes 4-aminobenzoic acid) into the mesoporous cages of MIL-101(Cr). This strategy employs an amidation reaction with succinic anhydride that acts as a molecular expander to realize an expansion-trapping process. This approach can effectively prevent clusters aggregation/leaching while maintaining the accessibility of active sites. The optimized catalyst named as 0.4Ti 6 abz 6 @MIL exhibited superior catalytic performance in the ODS reaction of DBT. Its turnover frequency reached 61.3 h −1 at 60 °C, which is much higher than those of the composites prepared by impregnation and physical-mixing methods. The results from electron paramagnetic resonance indicate that hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are the dominant active species in the oxidation reaction. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations revealed that the introduction of amide linkages significantly strengthens the adsorption of H 2 O 2 through enhanced hydrogen-bonding interactions, inducing the elongation of peroxoxide bond and effectively facilitating its cleavage to generate reactive •OH radicals. This work demonstrates that amidation is an effective strategy for encapsulating highly dispersed and stable titanium-oxo clusters into the pores of MOFs.
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DESALINATION
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2026
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IF 9.9
Yu Qing,Yang Bao,Yuhao Pan
Cr/F co-doped LiMn 2 O 4 was compared with undoped, Cr-only and F-only spinel controls. • Co-doping raised 1C capacity to 124.6 mAh g −1 and HCDI Li + uptake to 35.07 mg g −1 . • The co-doped electrode kept 83% of its Li + uptake over 100 cycles with 1.4% Mn loss. • A reference-cell test traced most capacity fade to the carbon counter electrode. • Li + /Mg 2+ separation factor of 24.0 in untreated old brine with acid-free desorption. Spinel LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) is a Li + -selective intercalation host for hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI), but Jahn–Teller distortion and Mn dissolution limit its durability in Mg-rich brines. Here, Cr 3+ and F − were introduced at the nominal cationic and anionic sites of LMO to obtain LiCr 0.05 Mn 1.95 O 3.95 F 0.05 (CFLMO), and undoped, Cr-only (CrLMO) and F-only (FLMO) controls were prepared by the same route. XRD and FTIR showed that the average spinel framework was retained, and Cr 2p and F 1s XPS detected both added elements near the CFLMO surface. At 1C, CFLMO delivered a discharge capacity of 124.6 mAh g −1 (84% of the theoretical value), compared with 92.1 mAh g −1 for LMO. In HCDI tests with 32.74 mg L −1 Li + , CFLMO reached a salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 35.07 mg g −1 at a charge efficiency of 0.89. After 100 adsorption–desorption cycles against an activated‑carbon (AC) counter electrode, CFLMO retained 83% of its initial SAC with a Mn dissolution ratio of 1.4%; replacing the AC electrode in an LMO||AC reference cell restored part of the lost adsorption response, identifying a counter-electrode contribution to cell-level capacity loss. In untreated Yiliping salt-lake old brine (Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio 36.1), three CFLMO electrodes recovered 37.5 ± 1.5 mg g −1 Li + with a Li + /Mg 2+ separation factor of 24.0 ± 2.7, and desorption into pure water lowered the Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio to 1.52 ± 0.18. The matched-control and real-brine results support Cr/F-modified LMO as a candidate for selective lithium recovery from Mg-rich salt-lake brines.
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Industrial Chemistry & Materials
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2025
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IF 11.9
Huiyao Huang,Shiquan Zhong,Yawen Chen,Wangquan Gong,Changshen Ye,Jie Chen,Ting Qiu
The semiconductor manufacturing industry imposes stringent requirements on the metal ion content of photoresist resin monomers. Tris(2-carboxyethyl) isocyanurate (H3tci), a critical raw material for photoresist resin monomers, inevitably incorporates metal ions during production. However, its inherent carboxyethyl groups form stable coordination complexes with Cr(III), hindering the semiconductor-grade resin monomer production. To achieve the ultra-deep removal of Cr(III) at ultra-trace concentrations, inspired by the Hard-Soft-Acid-Base theory, we systematically modulated the electron-rich sulfonic acid group on polymers via controlled sulfonation conditions to achieve a novel series of adsorption materials (St) with ultra-high Cr(III) adsorption affinity. The adsorption-recrystallization process using our St-V-15, which exhibited the benchmarked distribution coefficient (Kd) of 1.01×108 mL g-1, could reduce Cr(III) concentration in H3tci from 840 ppb to 24.3 ppb. Furthermore, St-V-15 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity calculated using the Langmuir model of 126 mg g-1 and a rapid initial adsorption rate of 13.58 mg g-1 min-1 at 298 K. Additionally, St-V-15 demonstrated exceptional selectivity for Cr(III) over competing ions (e.g., K(I), Mg(II), Na(I) and Zn(II)) and maintained stable performance over at least 5 adsorption-desorption cycles. The superior performance originated from the chelation between Cr(III) and the sites of O atoms (S-O and S=O) combined with the electrostatic interaction between deprotonated sulfonic acid groups and Cr(III). These results position St-V-15 as a promising adsorption material for ultra-trace Cr(III) removal in H3tci, offering a cost-effective solution for semiconductor-grade resin monomer production for the very first time.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2025
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IF 7.7
Xinlan Wang,Ri’an Fu,Xiong Wu,Huasheng Lai
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) often suffers from poor selectivity, sensitivity, and anti-interference capabilities in metallic ions detection. Herein, a redox-mediated SERS method is presented for on-site detecting Cr(VI) in complex samples with ultrahigh sensitivity (2.6 fmol/L), selectivity, and rapidity (within 5 min). 2-Mercaptoimidazole was selected as the SERS probe due to its strong SERS activity and the ability of its thiol group to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The redox reaction between Cr(VI) and thiol group of 2-mercaptoimidazole under acid condition was investigated, including pH, mixing ratio, temperature, and concentration. Remarkably, the reaction equilibrium was achieved within 1 min. Furthermore, the method exhibited high selectivity for Cr(VI) over other ions due to its strong oxidizing properties, and excellent anti-interference capabilities attributed to the robust sulfur-metal bond formation. The redox-mediated SERS method with ultrahigh sensitivity and a detection limit of 2.6 fmol/L, which is 12 orders of magnitude below the safety level (0.1 mg/L) set by United States Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect Cr(VI) residues in environmental water and traditional Chinese medicine drinking samples (Codonopsis pilosula and Astragalus membranaceus), achieving satisfactory recoveries (85.5–110%) and low RSDs (0.1–4.2%). This work not only advances the analytical performance for on-site detection of Cr(VI) residue but also offers a versatile tool with substantial implications for public safety monitoring and pharmaceutical quality control.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Liwen Zhang,Shaohua Chen,Shanyi Tan,Huizi Wen,Shuyu He,Fen Zhang,Xiangru Zuo,Ling Xiong
The inherent limitations of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) severely limit its widespread application in heavy metal pollution remediation. To address this, Shewanella oneidenis MR-1 (MR-1) was utilized to counteract the iron oxide passivation layer on nZVI surface, however, this approach suffered from low electron transfer rate between MR-1 and the passivation layer. In this research, a novel PDA-modified nZVI composite (PDA-nZVI) was synthesized. Compared to unmodified nZVI, the proportions of Fe 0 and Fe(II) on the PDA-nZVI surface increased 2.06 % and 21.63 %, respectively. The electrochemical tests (e.g., a more negative corrosion potential, a lower charge-transfer resistance, a higher current density, and a 3.4-times larger electrochemical active surface area for PDA-nZVI compared to nZVI) confirm that PDA enhances electron transfer from iron core to the outside, thereby promoting Fe 0 availability and Fe(II) generation on the PDA-nZVI surface. Meanwhile, PDA modification successfully enhanced the material's dispersibility and hydrophilicity in aqueous solutions. Results demonstrate that the Cr(VI) elimination capacity of the PDA-nZVI and MR-1 combined system (PDA-nZVI/MR-1) was markedly superior to that of the nZVI/MR-1 system. Mechanism analyses demonstrate that PDA can act as an electron shuttle to accelerate electron transfer between MR-1 and the passivation layer, thereby promoting more Fe(III) transformation to Fe(II). This process enables more Cr(VI) to be reduced to Cr(III), which is subsequently adsorbed or complexed on the material surface as Cr 2 O 3 /FeCr 2 O 4 and Cr x Fe 1-x (OH) 3 , ultimately being removed from the solution via co-precipitation. The PDA-nZVI/MR-1 system successfully overcomes the inherent limitations and exhibits an exceptional Cr(VI) elimination capability
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