COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2017
·
IF 3.663
Xiaojie Li,Xiaobin Huang,Hong Liu
It is challenging to efficiently ignite traditional liquid hydrocarbons when they are applied in extreme combustion conditions, e.g., scramjet combustor . In this study, the low-temperature ignition enhancement performance of fuel additives of various properties and concentrations in n-decane were investigated theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical results indicate that there exists an optimized relationship between the effective activation energy and vaporization rate. Based on the optimization study, a novel design method for composite fuel additives was proposed. With this method, a metallic organic compound blended with a low-boiling-point auxiliary , methoxydiethylborane/tetrahydrofuran (MDEB/THF) solution, was employed to modify the ignition performance of n-decane. Thermogravimetry analysis and droplet-hot plate impinging experiment were performed to characterize the vaporization rate, ignition temperature , and ignition delay time of n-decane-based hybrid fuels. The experimental results suggest that, at a high concentration of MDEB/THF fuel droplets, the minimal ignition surface temperature is reduced to 160 °C, which is approximately 500 °C lower than that of pure n-decane. The ignition delay time of the fuel droplet is diminished from 353 ms to 45 ms at a surface temperature of 500 °C. Moreover, controlling the low-temperature ignition performance of an n-decane-based hybrid fuels by mixing various proportions of the additive was confirmed to be feasible. The results obtained from this study are of great significance in jet propellant design.
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DOI
高影响因子
Science China-Materials
·
2016
·Vol. 59
·期 5
·337-347
·
IF 0
Zhang Guoxin,Jin Xiuyan,Li Haoyuan,Wang Lin,Hu Cejun,Sun Xiaoming
The crumpled graphene (CrG) was fabricated by applying defluorination of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) on highly curved surface of CaC 2 particle through bottom-up synthetic strategy. The limited reaction depth between PVDF and CaC 2 leads to the formation of CrG with thin layer (3−6 layer graphene) and reasonable high specific surface area (~324.8 m 2 g −1 ). CrG with N incorporation (N-CrG) was applied as electrode material for reducing oxygen (i.e., oxygen reduction reaction, ORR) in alkaline, showing close onset potential to that of Pt/C and better mass-diffusion behavior. Surprisingly, with increased mass loading of catalysts, N-CrG exhibits steady current increase while Pt/C shows clear current plateau. Meanwhile, the N-CrG sample reveals high cycling stability and tolerance to contaminant, demonstrating its high potential for practical applications. Additionally, the bottom-up synthetic pathway to CrG via polymer dehalogenation on solid alkaline may find more applications which require controlled morphology and thickness of deposited thin graphitic carbon layers.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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纳米材料
·
能量存储与转换
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DOI
GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL
·
2012
·Vol. 30
·期 6
·577-583
·
IF 2.117
Zhang Wuxia,Mu Haibo,Zhang Amin,Cui Guoting,Chen Hua,Duan Jinyou,Wang Shunchun
The linear non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, hyaluronic acid (HA), is widely distributed throughout connective, epithelial and neural tissues etc., and is of great importance in tissue hydration, lubrication and cellular function. Along with the age growth, HA will lose its acetyl groups under action of HA N -deacetylase in vivo . However, the biological consequence of this physiological process remains largely unknown. Herein two highly N -deacetylated HAs, dHA-6 and dHA-10 were generated via the NH 2 NH 2 -HIO 3 procedure. Their molecular weights were estimated to be 24 and 16 kDa by high performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC), and the N -deacetylation degrees were 79.4 % and 93 % respectively, as determined by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The study on moisture-absorption ( Ra ) and -retention ( Rh ) abilities demonstrated that the Ra values of dHAs under conditions of 81 % or 43 % relative humidity, as well as the Rh values of dHAs under dry condition or 43 % relative humidity, were significantly smaller than that of their respective re- N -acetylated products. The decline of moisture-absorption and –retention capacity after HA N -deacetylation were consistent with the appearance of unsolvated amides remained in the N -deacetylated products, as indicated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Our findings implied that HA N -deacetylation, in addition to the decrease of HA contents in the elderly persons, might account for manifestations of naturally aged skin, such as laxity, sagging, and wrinkling.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
皮肤科学
·
糖生物学
·
衰老研究
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER TESTING
·
2021
·
IF 4.282
Yuanfei Ge,Xiangsong Chen,Xiangqin Wang,Lixia Yuan,Jinyong Wu,Jianming Yao
In this study, CS-NeuAc hydrogel was prepared from chitosan (CS) and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) using cyclic freeze/thaw under 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiiminde/N-hydroxysuccinimide catalysis. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of CS-NeuAc hydrogel. CS-NeuAc hydrogels were found to be equipped with suitable swelling behaviour, porosity, water evaporation rate, degradation rate, and good mechanical properties compared to CS. The swelling rate, water evaporation rate, and degradation rate of prepared hydrogel with a CS/NeuAc molar ratio of 10:1 were 710.7 ± 28.6%, 78.2 ± 1.6%, and 58.6 ± 1.5%, respectively. Moreover, CS-NeuAc hydrogel exhibited excellent biocompatibility. The evaluation of CS-NeuAc hydrogels’ antibacterial activity confirmed that they serve as effective antibacterial materials against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with antibacterial rates above 95% and 92%, respectively, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations was above 400 μg/ml. In conclusion, CS-NeuAc hydrogel can be a candidate for biological antibacterial materials.
研究领域:
生物材料
·
高分子科学
·
抗菌材料
·
组织工程
·
药学
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DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2019
·Vol. 15
·期 46
·1904054
·
IF 10.856
Wenxiang Zhao,Xiang Hu,Suqin Ci,Junxiang Chen,Genxiang Wang,Qiuhua Xu,Zhenhai Wen
Although graphite materials have been applied as commercial anodes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there still remain abundant spaces in the development of carbon-based anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, an electrospinning route is reported to fabricate nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers with interweaved nanochannels (NCNFs-IWNC) that contain robust interconnected 1D porous channels, produced by removal of a Te nanowire template that is coelectrospun within carbon nanofibers during the electrospinning process. The NCNFs-IWNC features favorable properties, including a conductive 1D interconnected porous structure, a large specific surface area, expanded interlayer graphite-like spacing, enriched N-doped defects and active sites, toward rapid access and transport of electrolyte and electron/sodium ions. Systematic electrochemical studies indicate that the NCNFs-IWNC exhibits an impressively high rate capability, delivering a capacity of 148 mA h g −1 at current density of as high as 10 A g −1 , and has an attractively stable performance over 5000 cycles. The practical application of the as-designed NCNFs-IWNC for a full SIBs cell is further verified by coupling the NCNFs-IWNC anode with a FeFe(CN) 6 cathode, which displays a desirable cycle performance, maintaining acapacity of 97 mA h g −1 over 100 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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储能
·
电化学
·
纳米材料
·
电池技术
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 2.9
Zhang Zhiwei,Nie Yuhang,Zhang Lianke,Wei Zhiqiang,Li Dandan,Qin Haiying,Ni Hualiang,Li Yangyang,He Junjing
Atomically dispersed catalysts, characterized by their high atom utilization efficiency and distinct catalytic activity, exhibit advantages in reducing fuel cell costs. Herein, we synthesized Co/N/C atomic catalysts by acid leaching of CoO/N/C prepared through carbothermal shock. The resulting Co/N/C-130 demonstrates outstanding performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media. It displays a half-wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.82 V and a Tafel slope of 47.1 mV dec −1 . Furthermore, it exhibits excellent stability with a positive E 1/2 shift of 6 mV after 40,000 cycles. When applied as a cathode catalyst in a direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC), Co/N/C-130 achieves a maximum power density of 396 mW cm −2 at 60 °C. Long-term durability test at 50 mA cm −2 reveals a power retention of 90.8% after 24 h and 76.3% after 50 h. These results demonstrate that Co/N/C-130 atomic catalyst is a highly efficient and durable non-precious metal catalyst for ORR. Graphical abstract
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Jing Huang,Zhen Yuan,Ziyuan Song,Xingliang Liu,Jianjun Cheng
The recent advances in the polymerization of N -carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) potentiated the biomedical applications of polypeptide materials. However, the two-stage kinetics in solvents with low polarity, such as dichloromethane (DCM), typically led to ill-defined polypeptides, as chains entered the faster propagating stage outpaced those remaining in the initiation stage and consumed most of the monomers. Herein, we reported the acetic acid (AcOH) and crown ether (CE) cooperative system to modulate the polymerization process, enabling accelerated and controlled synthesis of polypeptides. The sequential addition of AcOH and CE decoupled the initiating/early propagating stage from the later propagating stage, which guaranteed simultaneous chain growth, yielding well-defined polypeptides with predictable molecular weights and narrow dispersity. Specifically, AcOH attenuated the rate difference and enabled all polypeptides entering propagating stage simultaneously, generating α-helix for CE-catalyzed acceleration. This strategy advances the understanding of the two-stage kinetics in NCA polymerization and offers a robust synthetic route to polypeptide materials, thereby facilitating their downstream biomedical applications.
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高影响因子
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Min Liu,Fanggang Zhang,Long Qin,Chung K. Law,Ran Sui
This work presents an experimental and mechanistic study on the catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) of n -butane for syngas production over a Rh/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. Experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed reactor under fuel-rich conditions (equivalence ratios φ = 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5) within a temperature range of 373–1073 K. The process initiates with total oxidation, seamlessly transitioning to partial oxidation and subsequently to steam/dry reforming regimes as temperature increases, with H 2 emerging as the first syngas product followed by CO and CH 4 . Based on the experimental observations, a reduced global reaction mechanism comprising eight irreversible, lumped steps was developed. Kinetic parameters were extracted from experimental data at φ = 1.5 and validated against independent datasets at φ = 2.5 and 3.5, with the model accurately capturing the major species trends. The Rh catalyst exhibits exceptional performance, achieving H 2 selectivity of 99.1% at φ = 3.5 and 873 K, surpassing reported values for methane and propane CPO systems. In addition, trace C 2-6 hydrocarbons were detected at φ = 3.5 and temperatures above 973 K, indicating the occurrence of hydrocarbon cracking under excessively fuel-rich and high-temperature conditions. XPS analysis further reveals a temperature-induced surface transition from oxidized Rh 3+ to metallic Rh 0 , which is associated with the high catalytic activity. These results provide mechanistic insight and useful kinetic parameters for modeling and optimizing Rh-catalyzed CPO of light hydrocarbons. Novelty and significance statement This work provides the first kinetic analysis and reaction mechanism for the catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) of n -butane over rhodium, addressing a significant gap in the literature, which has predominantly focused on methane and propane. The novelty lies in the elucidation of the unique two-stage reaction pathway for n -C 4 H 10 , beginning with total oxidation, sequentially transitioning through partial oxidation, and finally to reforming. A reduced reaction mechanism comprising eight lumped steps was developed, which successfully captured the species formation and the complex non-monotonic dependence on equivalence ratio and temperature. The significance of this research is that it delivers essential theoretical insights and a practical kinetic model for utilizing n -butane, a major component of LPG and NGL, in efficient syngas production. This directly advances the application of these fuels in solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems and distributed energy technologies, enhancing energy security and reducing emissions. Ultimately, this work provides guidance for the design and optimization of fuel-flexible catalytic reactors, contributing to the transition towards a more sustainable and diversified energy landscape.
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高影响因子
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
·
2026
·
IF 3.6
Jiaqi Luo,Yingchen Wang,Mingting Yuan,Yimin Jia,Mei Ma,Qiushuo Yu,Qiutong Zhang,Wenhao Yan
Direct observation of prenucleation processes remains challenging due to the small size and dynamic nature of early aggregates. Here, we develop an in situ spectroscopic method based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of N-phenylanthranilic acid (NPAA) to probe early-stage aggregation in solution. The fluorescence response enables the identification of a prenucleation aggregate (PNA) state prior to the onset of macroscopic turbidity, allowing real-time tracking of the structural evolution from dispersed molecules to crystalline phases. Pathway-controlled antisolvent addition experiments suggest that the onset of PNA formation correlates with the overall solution composition rather than the specific kinetics of antisolvent addition, while the subsequent evolution shows dependence on the pathway of solvent composition change. Molecular dynamics simulations further support the formation of PNA by revealing finite-sized aggregates with evolving intermolecular interactions and structural organization. These results establish a direct link between AIE response and prenucleation aggregation and support a two-step nucleation pathway involving an intermediate state, providing a spectroscopic route for investigating early-stage nucleation processes.
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高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Jiakang,Yan Wenjian,Peng Cheng,Zhu Mingzhe,Li Zhipeng,Jiang Haokun,Sun He,Lan Mengjiao,Ma Mingjun,Wu Weilin,Liao Yuanyuan,Yan Cui,Su Huaigang,Zhou Zhongmin
Tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) stands as a premier electron transport layer in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet interfacial defect-induced carrier recombination and energy-level misalignment impede its commercialization. Herein, we engineer a multifunctional polymeric interlayer by introducing polymerizable dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DADMAC) at the SnO 2 /perovskite interface. The densely cross-linked P-DADMAC network reinforces mechanical interlocking, enhancing interfacial adhesion and stress dissipation. Concurrently, chloride ions (Cl⁻) from P-DADMAC synergistically passivate defects at both the perovskite buried interface and SnO 2 surface, inducing a graded n + -type band bending. This energy-band engineering reduces the heterojunction energy-level offset by 0.24 eV, thereby facilitating efficient charge extraction and minimizing non-radiative losses. Consequently, n-i-p devices achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.34% with a fill factor (FF) of 85.84% (certified: 26.27%), while a 25 cm 2 module (active area: 14 cm 2 ) attains 22.03% PCE (FF > 80%). This work establishes a paradigm for interfacial multifunctionalization in high-performance photovoltaics.
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LIQUID CRYSTALS
·
2026
·
IF 1.6
Guang Hu,Lin Liu,Wei Qian,Baolong Zhang,Chenxi Li,Yu Wang,Xiaoyan Gao,Dandan Min,Lei He,Jinquan Wang,Huanjun Lu,Biao Zhang,Stephen M. Kelly
A novel carbazole-N-hexyl acrylate liquid crystal monomer was synthesised to compare its mesomorphic behaviour with several of its non-polymerisable analogues. The compounds exhibit nematic liquid crystalline properties driven by their core-driven molecular anisotropy, incorporating a rigid, highly conjugated molecular core with flexible aliphatic terminal groups. A hexyl chain was strategically incorporated at a lateral position to induce high solubility in organic solvents and lower the phase transition temperatures. Upon cooling, the photopolymerisable acrylate monomer transforms into a nematic phase at 95°C. Owing to a thermodynamically slow crystallisation process governed by high supercooling viscosity kinetics, the material enters an extensive phase coexistence regime below 46°C, where the marble texture and crystalline domains coexist down to −20°C. DSC analysis reveals a prominent cold crystallisation exotherm and a significant melting endotherm during the second heating cycle, with no observable exothermic peaks during the cooling scans. This behaviour contrasts sharply with its non-polymerisable analogues, which display conventional monotropic mesomorphism featuring a sharp melting peak upon heating, followed by distinct isotropic-to-nematic and nematic-to-crystalline exotherms upon cooling. The delayed crystallisation behaviour of the acrylate monomer may be attributed to suppressed crystal nucleation kinetics caused by molecular entanglement of the bulky terminal acrylate groups.
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高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Muhammad Javed Liaqat,Shahid Hussain,Jahirul Islam,Mohammed Mujahid Alam,Rajesh Kumar Manavalan,Xiangzhao Zhang,Junlin Liu,Guanjun Qiao,Guiwu Liu
Preparation of Co 3 O 4 -SnO 2 heterostructures via hydrothermal method. • Peculiar morphology with abundant active sites and wide surface area. • Enhanced gas response (R g /R a ) of 92.8 with excellent sensitivity. • Excellent response is attributed to rapid charge transfer across p-n heterojunction. The recent development of p-n heterojunction sensors has attracted significant interest in gas sensing applications due to their excellent charge transfer, more active sites, and lower operating temperatures. In this research, Co 3 O 4 -SnO 2 heterostructured composite has been developed and investigated as a highly selective sensor for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). The gas sensing results demonstrated a remarkable response of 92.8 to 100 ppm NO 2 at the optimal operating temperature of 200 °C. The sensor was tested over a wide temperature range (50–300 °C), demonstrating exceptional performance, remarkable repeatability, and consistent baseline recovery. The Co 3 O 4 -SnO 2 heterostructure has excellent long-term stability and consistently reliable detection across varying humidity conditions. The sensor's enhanced sensitivity to NO 2 was validated with selectivity tests for other interfering gases. An improved method revealing the NO 2 sensing approach is proposed, supported by density functional theory calculations to investigate the diffusion efficiency of investigated gases at Co 3 O 4 -SnO 2 heterostructures. The results indicated that Co 3 O 4 -SnO 2 heterostructures are an excellent option for practical NO 2 detection under different environmental conditions. Download: Download high-res image (400KB) Download: Download full-size image
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