JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Yande Cai,Ze Wang,Jianjun Wang,Songgeng Li
The formation of chloride products in the process for pyrolysis of municipal solid wastes (MSW) with key model components was investigated by Py-GC/MS method. HCl and CH 3 Cl are identified as the most abundant chloride products for the individual pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or corn straw (CS) in the range of 200–600 °C. For the pyrolysis of CS, a higher temperature is more favorable for the generation of HCl than that of CH 3 Cl. In the PVC pyrolytic products, chlorobenzene (Ph-Cl), benzyl chloride (Ph-CH 2 Cl), and 1-(chloroethyl)benzene (Ph-CHClCH 3 ) are also detected but in extremely low amounts. For the co-pyrolysis of PVC/CS, the formation of CH 3 Cl is significantly promoted. The synergistic effect in the PVC/CS co-pyrolysis process is mainly attributed to the reaction between the HCl derived from PVC and the decomposition products of lignin. The products of Ph-Cl and Ph-CH 2 Cl are mainly generated from the cyclization of Cl-containing chain species. CH 3 Cl and Ph-CHClCH 3 are mainly generated from secondary reactions between HCl and other pyrolytic products. No remarkable synergistic effect is observed on the formations of chlorides in the co-pyrolysis of PVC/PP (polypropylene), while the generation of Ph-CHClCH 3 is significantly enhanced in the co-pyrolysis of PVC/PS (polystyrene).
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Hong Tian,Huimin Mao,Jiawei Wang,Yi Cheng
The HZSM-5 zeolite was modified through alkali treatment (NaOH) and metal loading (Ga, Ni), followed by constructing an MCM-41 layer to create a core–shell molecular sieve catalyst. With the feedstock of wheat straw, this work investigated the effects of various catalysts on pyrolysis product distribution and bio-oil composition with a tubular furnace and Py-GC/MS. The results showed that with the alkali-treated HZSM-5, the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) in the bio-oil reached 40.35%, with an overall bio-oil yield of 21.16%. Metal-modified zeolites, exhibiting enhanced acidity, further optimized the bio-oil composition, producing an MAH yield of 61.48% and 27.31% bio-oil yield. Bimetal loading with Ga and Ni further enhanced MAH selectivity, delivering an MAH yield of 69.48% and a bio-oil yield of 27.79%. The synergy between Ga and Ni suppressed excessive aromatization and polymerization into polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), favouring MAH formation. Constructing an MCM-41 layer further promotes the selectivity of MAHs. Compared to uncoated catalysts, those coated with MCM-41 significantly improved monocyclic aromatic yields, achieving the highest MAH yield of 83.61%.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2024
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IF 7.7
Meng Xia,Kaihao Xu,Shuai Zhang,Chengxue Zhang,Xiaocong Wang,Jiqun Li
Pyrolysis technique is considered to have great potential in the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil, but it still has difficulties such as high energy consumption for the degradation of complex petroleum hydrocarbons and the deterioration of soil quality after treatment. In this study, the low-temperature rapid catalytic pyrolysis was realized using Beta zeolite to assist in remediating weathered petroleum-contaminated saline-alkali soil. Under the action of Beta zeolite, the removal efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbons reached 81% after pyrolysis treatment for 10 min at 250 °C, which was reduced to regulatory standard. The pyrolysis behavior and mechanism revealed that the addition of Beta zeolite effectively reduced the activation energy of C-C and C-O bonds cleavage in petroleum hydrocarbon macromolecules due to the strong acidity of Beta, meanwhile the quality of recovered oil from pyrolysis was improved. Additionally, the analyses of soil physicochemical property indicated that the harmless graphitic C generated from the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons increased the organic matter in the soil, and the addition of Beta zeolite enhanced soil water retention capacity and reduced the soil alkalinity, thus improving the ecological function of saline-alkali soil. This study provides a new strategy for the removal of organic pollutants under special soil media conditions.
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PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Xiaoran Li,Kehui Cen,Jinjin Li,Dongxia Jia,Jiangyong Gao,Liqiang Zhang,Dengyu Chen
Cellulose and hemicellulose, the main components of biomass, undergo noticeable interactions during biomass pyrolysis. In this study, biochar was produced by the co-pyrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose. Three co-pyrolysis parameters, namely, pyrolysis temperature (400–800 °C), residence time (5–30 min), and percentage of cellulose (0–100 %), were investigated to optimize the properties of biochar, including the application of response surface methodology in the experimental study. The analysis revealed that co-pyrolysis interactions could improve the biochar yield by up to 41.37 % (567.74 °C, 19.52 min, 50 % cellulose percentage). The co-pyrolysis interactions specifically enhanced the fixed carbon content, elemental carbon content, and higher heating value of the biochar, with the most significant enhancements being 0.87 %, 3.60 %, and 3.85 %, respectively, while simultaneously decreasing the volatile content, [H]/[C] ratio, and [O]/[C] ratio of the biochar, with the most significant reductions of −9.30 %, −10.81 %, and −26.71 %. Based on the observed decrease in the intensity ratio of the D-band and G-band of biochar in the Raman spectra, greater co-pyrolysis interactions increased the graphitization degree of the biochar. The analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigations revealed that the interactions enhanced the contents of the C-C, C-O/C-O-C, aromatic, and OH functionalities while reducing the number of COO-, COOH, and C O functional groups. The results of this work indicate that the co-pyrolysis interaction between cellulose and hemicellulose contributes to optimizing the properties of biochar as a potential energy vector.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yanbing Chen,Danyang Wu,Yehong Xin,Xizhen Zhang,Yongze Cao,Yichao Wang,Baojiu Chen
It is necessary to seek oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) electrocatalyst that can replace commercial Pt/C for new energy conversion devices. Herein, we used molten salt-assisted pyrolysis to successfully convert small nitrogen-containing carbon molecules directly into iron-nitrogen codoped carbon nanospheres (Fe–N–Cs) without the need for external templates. Molten salts provide a solvo-like environment for the high-temperature pyrolysis of small carbon molecules and bulk oxides . Small molecules containing nitrogen and carbon are subjected to spatial domain-limiting effect, reducing volatilization in the calcination processes. Besides, the strong polarity provided by molten salts can not only dissolve bulk oxides but also prevent free metal atoms from gathering again to form particles or clusters. The synthesized Fe–N–Cs exhibit excellent ORR activity. The half wave potential ( E 1/2 , 0.67 V vs. RHE) in acidic solution is almost equivalent to Pt/C. Furthermore, Fe–N–Cs have the ability to prevent methanol poisoning and its stability is strong.
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Richuan Rao,Yaohua Huang,Hao Zhang,Chunming Hu,Xiongzi Dong,Weiguang Fang,Qihua Zhou,Zhen Chen,Song Fang,Dongsheng Jin,Xinhao Lv,Baijun Liu,Qiang Ling
A magnetic and mesoporous metal/N-doped carbon composite is prepared using a melamine-assisted pyrolysis method of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with Fe(NO 3 ) 3 . The magnetic composite has a 3D hierarchical structure composed of 1D nanostructure interlaced with each other and a large pore volume distributed mainly in mesopores. Meanwhile, its N-doped carbon surface with sp 2 hybridized structure is positively charged due to the promotion action of its mixed Fe phase, Fe 3 C and Fe 3 N, inducing the production of electron deficient conjugated structures as electron acceptors. Its characteristic microstructure determines that the adsorption of anionic Congo red on its surface is achieved mainly through multiple adsorption mechanisms of electrostatic and π-π interaction. Thus, the magnetic composite has an excellent dye adsorption capacity, even improved dramatically at high pH conditions, and simultaneously, the spent composite is quickly separated from wastewater solution by using its magnetic properties. In contrast, these undoped or N-doped carbon composites prepared in the absence of melamine and Fe salts have very poor or partially improved adsorption efficiencies to the Congo red dyes due to their inactive characteristic microstructures, such as lower pore volume, more microporous structures and negatively charged mesoporous surface.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
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IF 7.5
Huiyu Liu,Ying Qiu,Rui Shan,Jun Zhang,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) using bimetallic modified ZSM-5 enables efficient upcycling of polyethylene (PE). The present study demonstrates that alkaline sites significantly enhanced the mass transfer capacity of catalysts through generating fragmented structures, thus contributing to the selective regulation of thermal decomposition behavior of PE. Specifically, CuZn/ZSM-5 reduced decomposition temperature range by > 100 °C via enhanced chain-cracking and product transport. The synergistic effects of Cu 0 and alkaline sites derived from Zn species facilitated the cleavage of C–C bonds under a high heating rate, thereby accelerating the formation of olefin intermediates as well as promoting the aromatization within ZSM-5 channels. CuZn/ZSM-5 optimally combined highly dispersed metal sites, abundant strong alkaline sites, moderate acidic sites, and reinforced diffusion capacity, boosting low-temperature aromatics selectivity by 29.7 %, particularly for monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs). Despite the highest alkalinity of CuMg/ZSM-5, the permanent loss of weak alkaline sites at high temperatures resulted in weak capacity for aromatization. In addition, the plausible pathway for fast pyrolysis of PE into aromatics over CuZn/ZSM-5 was proposed.
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高影响因子
CHROMATOGRAPHIA
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2024
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IF 1.2
Huang Zhongping,Wu Ermiao,Shi Dongliang,Zhang Jingkun,Shen Zhenlu,Zheng Ruixing,Shen Jian
The quantification analysis of microplastics (MPs) in bottled water, purified tap water and branded table salt was executed by double-shot pyrolysis–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), and the concentration was expressed as a mass concentration, which was more suitable for the data comparison. MPs including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) were separated by filtration with glass fiber filter membranes. After being folded, the whole glass filter membrane containing MPs was transferred into a pyrolysis cup directly to avoid the sample loss during transfer. The characteristic pyrolysates were used to identify and quantify PMMA, PET, PC, PP, PS and PE. The linear relationships were found between the polymer weight amount and peak areas of each characteristic pyrolysates with the correlation coefficients larger than 0.993. The intra-day precisions of the pyrolysates for peak areas were 0.56–18.94%, and the inter-day variability was 8.47–19.88%. The recovery values of the spiked standards were in a range of 81.5–114.5%. MPs in bottled water, purified tap water and branded table salt samples were successfully quantified by the proposed Py–GC/MS method. For four brands of bottled water samples, 0.088 μg/L PET was found in one sample. PP was detected in all purified tap water samples from five brands with the concentrations between 0.028 and 0.489 μg/L, and PE was detected in purified tap water samples from two brands with the concentrations between 0.194 and 1.26 μg/L. As for nine table salt samples, PP were found in a range of 4.00–182.80 μg/100 g salt in eight table salt samples. Due to the high content of MPs in purified tap water samples and large daily consumption, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of MPs from purified tap water was calculated. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) for adults are 2.57 ng PP/kg/d and 4.17 ng PE/kg/d from purified tap water; the EDIs for children are 5.63 ng PP/kg/d and 9.11 ng PE/kg/d from purified tap water.
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高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2024
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IF 20.2
Zhen Sun,Maonan Ran,Guan Zhang
Solar-driven photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is gaining dramatic interests, however, efficiencies are still not satisfied to make it technically applicable in large scale. Herein, we have observed unconventional high-temperature effects on the change of intrinsic photophysical properties of semiconductors, and demonstrated dual synergistic photothermal effects in promoting hydrogen evolution from water reduction and cellulose pyrolysis at high temperature with metal oxides catalysts. Particularly, Zn/ZnO species deposited TiO 2 (Zn-TiO 2 ) catalyst showcased exceptional thermal-assisted photocatalytic H 2 production from water reduction along with cellulose decomposition at 573 K with quasi apparent quantum efficiency of nearly 100 % under 365±10 nm irradiation and solar to hydrogen (STH) efficiency of 2.72 %. In situ spectroscopic characterizations at 573 K corroborated that the absorption spectrum of Zn-TiO 2 could be extended into the near-infrared region (beyond 1200 nm), and electron-hole pair recombination is curbed and migration of photogenerated charge carriers within the catalyst is remarkably promoted at high temperature. In addition, experimental analysis and molecular dynamics simulations unraveled the synergistic photo-assisted thermal effects for cellulose pyrolysis, and delineated potential pathways for cellulose conversion at high temperature under light irradiation. This work paves the way for efficient utilization of whole solar spectrum for achieving sustainable water splitting and biomass waste utilization.
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高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2024
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IF 9
Yuxuan Xing,Jingchun Huang,Zhenqi Wang,Wei Hu,Minghou Xu,Yu Qiao
This study focused on the effect of oxygen (0–15 %) and 5 % CaO addition on the organic-S control and transformation behavior during pyrolysis (400–600 °C) of sludge under the conditions relevant to smoldering combustion. The results show that oxygen inhibits the total emission of gaseous sulfur (decreased by 25.6–36.9 %). At low temperatures (<500 °C), oxygen enhances the oxidation of aliphatic-S, aromatic-S/thiophene-S, and sulfide-S, leading more sulfur retains in the form of sulfone-S and sulfate-S in char products, also migrates to water-soluble products (especially sulfone-S). At high temperatures (>500 °C), the formed sulfur species in char products mainly further decompose into water-soluble sulfone-S, and partially generate SO 2 . After the addition of CaO during oxidative pyrolysis, the synergistic promotion effect on the sulfur fixation in char products is found, mainly due to the generation of more amount of stable sulfone-S and sulfate-S in char products. This leads to a decrease in gaseous sulfur by 12.4–14.6 % and an increase in sulfur content of char products by 31.3–202.9 %.
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高影响因子
FUEL
·
2024
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IF 6.7
Guozhang Chang,Shanshan Dai,Huifen Kang,Jie Li,Yong Liu,Jian Zhang,Qingjie Guo
Limited knowledge regarding the controlled preparation of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) via catalytic pyrolysis of individual organic components hinders high yields of lignocellulosic biomass-based AHs. This report describes a systematic investigation of AHs generation following catalytic pyrolysis of organic components referring to cellulose, xylan, and lignin. Results show that in a programmed-heating process (20 °C/min), a (Ca-Fe)/HZSM-5 catalyst promoted the degradation of cellulose, xylan, and lignin with respective increment ratios of 24.56 %, 17.29 % and 19.45 %, and significantly increased the release of benzene during the pyrolysis of cellulose and xylan. In a fast-heating process (20 °C/ms), Ca-Fe alone presented a positive effect on bio-oil yield from cellulose, whereas HZSM-5 and (Ca-Fe)/HZSM-5 afforded high bio-oil yields from all three components. Notably, Ca-Fe and HZSM-5 exhibited synergistic effects on the bio-oil and AHs yields following cellulose pyrolysis, and on AHs yield following xylan pyrolysis. Alcohols, aldehydes, and furans were suitable precursors for generating AHs via pyrolysis of both cellulose and xylan. Lignin conversion to AHs involved various potential reaction pathways, including dehydration-deoxygenation-aromatization and dehydration-hydrodeoxygenation. The orders of (Ca-Fe)/HZSM-5 catalyzed pyrolysis of individual components towards AHs generation were xylan > cellulose > lignin. The presence of Ca-Fe particles inhibited deactivation of HZSM-5 in pyrolysis of a cellulose/xylan/lignin mixture.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2024
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IF 5.8
Ji Liu,Hao Fu,Bin Hu,Guan-zheng Zhou,Shou-gang Wei,Zhen-xi Zhang,Qiang Lu
Pyrolysis, a promising thermochemical conversion technique, can convert lignocellulosic biomass into various value-added products. Herein, the selective production of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α- d -glucopyranose (DGP) was achieved through fast pyrolysis of cellulose based on oxalic acid-assisted torrefaction (OAT) pretreatment. The mixture of cellulose and oxalic acid first underwent torrefaction, followed by fast pyrolysis to yield DGP. Simultaneously, the air atmosphere was considered to facilitate the formation of esterification intermediates, thereby promoting the formation of DGP. The effects of torrefaction temperature, oxalic acid amount, as well as pyrolysis temperature were carefully explored for DGP production. A yield of 9.6 wt% and a selectivity of 57.5 % for DGP were achieved from the micro-scale pyrolysis of cellulose under the optimized conditions. In lab-scale tests, the DGP yield reached 12.5 wt% from cellulose. The OAT-based pyrolysis was confirmed to be applicable to the waste cellulose-rich materials, with a DGP yield of 8.2 wt% from waste cotton and 6.0 wt% from spent paper in lab-scale experiments. Additionally, the OAT-based pyrolysis also showed the potential for poly-generation of DGP and formic acid at different stages.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）