Materials Today Chemistry
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2026
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IF 7.4
Tianyu Chen,Bingxin Sun,Xiyun Wang,Wang Zhang,Yuanzhe Piao
CUM encapsulated by β-CDP enhances water solubility and stability, improving its effects. • CUM-β-CDP shows lower MIC on E. coli (40 mg/ml) and S. aureus (5 mg/ml) than pure CUM. • CUM-β-CDP effectively inhibits HepG2 cell proliferation, showcasing potent anti-cancer ability. A pH-responsive delivery system based on supramolecular vesicles was fabricated via a novel host–guest inclusion complex between water-soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5) and cuminaldehyde (CUM). This CUM-WP5 inclusion complex was studied using 1 H NMR, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The resulting inclusion complex could self-assemble into well-defined supramolecular vesicles via host–guest interactions and exhibited significant pH-responsive behavior, which was investigated using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The preservation time of CUM-WP5 and the molar ratio between host and guest molecules were both significant for the aggregated morphology of the supramolecular vesicles. Furthermore, the CUM complexes demonstrated good antibacterial activity, inhibiting the proliferation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 and EHA105. These vesicles therefore present a promising platform for drug delivery and antibacterial applications. The assembly CUM-WP5 through host-guest interaction and the drug release of vesicle in the acid condition, which applied for corn root soaking test. Download: Download high-res image (232KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Wenlin Li,Qijia Chen,Xin Ning,Jiajun Zheng,Ke Liang,Lei Han
Self-pillared nano-ZSM-5 (SPZ) boosts 1-hexene oligomerization stability for SAF. • Accessible strong Brønsted acid sites promote branching and cyclization reactions. • 2D-GC–MS shows C12–C17 products dominate while aromatization remains minor. • Lower N 2 flow favors deeper oligomerization, enriching heavier and jet-fuel-range products. • Oligomer-derived soft coke drives deactivation and enables partial N 2 reactivation. Developing high-performance catalysts for the oligomerization of bio-derived olefins into sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) is of paramount importance. However, simultaneously achieving high catalytic activity and selectivity while mitigating the rapid deactivation of nano-zeolites remains a formidable challenge. To drive the efficient production of SAF, a novel self-pillared nano-ZSM-5 (SPZ) zeolite featuring an enriched acidic profile was designed in this work, delivering exceptional activity, selectivity, and stability for 1-hexene oligomerization. Compared with nano-sized ZSM-5 featuring intercrystalline mesoporous voids (NSZ), the SPZ catalyst significantly improved catalytic performance, increasing 1-hexene conversion from 20% to 61% at 240 °C while prolonging catalyst lifetime. DTBPy-FTIR, and TEOS passivation collectively support the involvement of external and pore-mouth acid sites in 1-hexene conversion and further indicate that these accessible sites may also promote secondary cracking. Semi-quantitative, area-normalized 2D-GC–MS responses were dominated by C12-C17 oligomer-derived species and showed extensive branching and cyclization, whereas aromatics remained minor. Variation of the N 2 flow rate shifted the recovered product distribution through coupled changes in reactant dilution, nominal contact time, and product stripping. Deactivation was associated mainly with retained oligomer-derived soft coke. These results identify accessible acidity and transport as coupled descriptors for tuning unsaturated jet-fuel-range precursors over hierarchical ZSM-5. Download: Download high-res image (220KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Communications Chemistry
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2026
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·166
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IF 6.9
Wang Fei,Dong Qi,Liu Yanchao,Li Zhixing,Hao Wenming,Ma Jinghong,Jiao Haijun,Zheng Jiajun,Hedin Niklas,Li Ruifeng
Upcycling plastic waste into valuable resources without solvents, precious metals, or additional H 2 under mild conditions is a formidable challenge that requires new innovations. Herein, we document a catalyst based on Al 2 O 3 beads and zeolite ZSM-5 (ZSM-5#Al 2 O 3 (2 h)). It cracked polyethylene (PE) into gasoline-range C 4 − C 12 hydrocarbons with a selectivity of 98% and a yield of >71% within 1.5 h at 260 °C. Characterization of the catalysts revealed a mesoporous structure and suitable Brønsted acid sites, which promoted the diffusion and catalytic activation of PE. Adjusting the dosage of zeolite supported on Al 2 O 3 beads enables regulation of both the number and strength of acidic sites. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the interfacial interaction between zeolite ZSM-5 and Al 2 O 3 reduces the acid strength of the composite. This is beneficial for the formation of higher hydrocarbons. Remarkably, the process was performed in a 1 L CSTR unit. These results provide instructive guidance for the design of high-performance catalytic materials used in PE waste recycling. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2026
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IF 4.8
Jia Bin Zhang,Wan Hui Guo,Hao Zhang,Wen Pan,Ye Min Guo,Fan-Li Zhang,Cheng Wang,Sheng Hong Liu
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a toxic compound formed during the improper processing or storage of honey, endangering human health. Thus, rapid and accurate detection of 5-HMF is essential. In this study, we fabricated uniform gold nanorod (AuNR) array surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates with high-density plasmonic hot spots by optimizing the AuNR aspect ratio and employing a novel three-phase self-assembly technique, significantly enhancing detection sensitivity and reproducibility. The AuNR array (aspect ratio of 3.5) showed the strongest signals due to the close match between its 781 nm longitudinal LSPR wavelength and the 785 nm excitation laser wavelength, enabling efficient resonant coupling. Leveraging the dual-resonance of the AuNR arrays, tip-induced field focusing and nanogap-mediated plasmon coupling synergistically produced ultrahigh electromagnetic enhancement for SERS detection. Using AuNR array-3.5 as the SERS substrate, the signal intensity demonstrated a positive correlation with a concentration of 5-HMF in the range of 1–50 mg/L, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.093 mg/L. The substrate revealed excellent uniformity (relative standard deviation, RSD = 3.86%), reproducibility (inter-batch RSD = 2.51%), reusability (RSD = 13.2%) and stability (stored at 4 °C for 30 days). In spiked honey samples, this method achieved an LOD of 35.4 mg/kg, well below the international maximum residue limit (40 mg/kg), and recovery values ranging from 73.32% to 95.92%, confirming its high sensitivity and accuracy. This work provided a rapid, efficient approach for detection of 5-HMF in honey and highlights its application potential in SERS-based food safety monitoring technologies.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
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2026
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IF 5.9
Weiguang Su,Jianbin Liang,Dawei Wang,Siegfried Yeboah,Jiemeng Ding,Tian Lan,Ruirui Zhang,Qing Xu,Li Wang
Monodisperse 5-ASA microcapsules (CV < 3%) are engineered via microfluidics. • Nanocrystal-in-microcapsule architecture yields high drug loading (20.4 wt%). • pH 6.1 threshold enables release in the acidic IBD microenvironment. • Moving-boundary kinetics map single-particle to macro-scale release. The performance of targeted oral delivery systems for hydrophobic drugs like 5-aminosalicylic acid is limited by variable release kinetics and premature release in the upper gastrointestinal tract. To address this challenge, monodisperse 5-aminosalicylic acid nanocrystal-in-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (5-ASA NCs@HPMCAS) composite microcapsules were prepared via microfluidic interfacial assembly and antisolvent precipitation. Droplet-templated solidification yielded microcapsules with an average diameter of 28.33 μm, a coefficient of variation < 3%, a drug loading of 20.4 wt% and an encapsulation efficiency of 83.3%. Driven by the pH-dependent transition of the HPMCAS shell, the microcapsules remained structurally intact under simulated gastric and proximal intestinal conditions (pH < 6.0) but underwent rapid interfacial erosion around pH 6.1. The model payload was released within approximately 3 min at pH 7.2 under quiescent in vitro conditions, while 5-ASA release reached 88.5% at pH 6.5 over 4 h. Ex vivo GI imaging of DiR-labeled microcapsules provided preliminary evidence of upper-GI retention and lower-GI localization after oral administration. Residual ethyl acetate was approximately 217 ppm, while dimethyl sulfoxide was below the assay’s quantification range. A 24-hour Caco-2 assay showed cell viability above 90%, supporting preliminary in vitro cytocompatibility under the tested conditions. The uniform particle size also enabled comparison between single-particle moving-boundary kinetics and macroscopic release behavior, providing a physicochemical basis for pH-responsive oral delivery.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2026
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IF 19.7
Cheng Gu,Yakun Qu,Ya Chen,Yunlong Wang,Chaowen Liu,Le Zhang,Xiangyang Cui,Xiaoguang Zhao,Enhui Xing,Yibin Luo,Zhen Chen,Junhua Li
Framework Fe-ZSM−5 was developed for catalytic CO 2 desorption from MEA. • Isolated tetrahedral Fe 3+ sites were incorporated into the MFI framework. • Framework Fe reduced Fe dissolution in MEA by more than 88% over 120 °C for 15 days. • Fe-ZSM−5 increased the average CO 2 desorption rate by 35% over the blank case under continuous operation. • Lewis acid-base pairs promote H 2 O-assisted carbamate decomposition. Catalytic CO 2 desorption from aqueous amine solvent is a promising strategy for energy-saving CO 2 capture from industrial flue gas. As an important candidate, conventional zeolite catalysts often suffer from insufficient activity, while metal incorporation can effectively regulate acidity but also causes metal-site dissolution. Herein, we prepared an excellent ZSM-5 zeolite with framework-incorporated Fe (Fe-ZSM−5) through feasible hydrothermal method. The coordination characterizations confirm that Fe-ZSM−5 contains isolated, tetrahedrally coordinated Fe 3 + within the MFI framework. Compared to impregnated Fe, the dissolution rate of framework Fe species in ethanolamine absorbent was reduced by more than 88%, which can effectively enhance catalytic performance and simultaneously avoid solvent degradation. Meanwhile, the incorporation of framework Fe modifies the acidic environment of the zeolite by generating Si-OH-Fe Brønsted acid sites and Fe-related Lewis acid sites. Fe-ZSM−5 exhibited high catalytic activity for CO 2 -rich MEA solution, with a peak desorption rate of 4.306 mmol·min −1 (48% higher than the blank case); the catalytic rate constants reach 2.0–2.4 × 10 −4 min −1 . This work proposes a novel design strategy for high-performance acid catalysts, representing a durable and efficient catalyst for reducing regeneration energy in amine-based CO 2 capture. Download: Download high-res image (299KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Hong Tian,Ziwen Zhao,Zhangjun Huang,Yanshan Yin,Song Ren,Shan Cheng
The presence of nitrogen-containing compounds (NCCs) in bio-oil severely limits its downstream utilization as a clean fuel. To address this issue, a catalytic strategy combining hierarchical pore construction and bimetallic active-site modification was developed for the deep denitrogenation and upgrading of biomass pyrolysis oil. Bamboo (BB) and wheat straw (WS) were selected as representative forestry and agricultural residues, respectively, and Ni-Co bimetal-modified HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared. Appropriate alkali treatment significantly improved the pore structure of HZSM-5, increasing its specific surface area from 383.9 to 409.12 m 2 /g, while Ni and Co introduction effectively regulated the distribution of acidic sites. As a result, the modified catalysts enhanced the pyrolysis of BB and WS and improved the quality of the resulting bio-oils. Over 6Ni0.5Co-HR5, aromatic selectivity reached 51.06% for BB and 50.66% for WS. GC/MS analysis showed that the catalyst promoted the transformation of nitrogen species from kinetically unstable chain-like compounds into more stable cyclic structures, facilitating their further removal. Among the catalysts, 6Ni0.5Co-HR5 exhibited the best denitrogenation performance, reducing the relative total nitrogen content in BB- and WS-derived bio-oils to 0.89% and 0.67%, respectively, corresponding to decreases of 96.34% and 93.02% compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis. This superior perf ormance was attributed to the synergistic effect of the hierarchical pore structure and Ni-Co bimetallic sites. The results demonstrate good feedstock adaptability of the catalyst and provide an effective route for producing low-nitrogen, aromatic-rich bio-oil.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 10.6
Jiawen Lu,Yangchun Shen,Xingtao Zhou,Yuting Wang,Hui Ye,Qiang Yu,Jianhua Xie,Yi Chen
Acrylamide (AA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are processing-derived contaminants that frequently co-occur in environmental and dietary exposure, yet the health effects of their co-exposure remain poorly understood. Here, we show that co-exposure to AA and HMF induces duodenal injury in mice, whereas neither toxin alone causes significant damage. Macrophage depletion using clodronate liposomes significantly attenuates this pathology, identifying macrophages as important mediators of the intestinal injury. Co-exposure promotes macrophage polarization toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Notably, direct exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to AA and HMF produces limited cytotoxicity. In contrast, conditioned medium from AA+HMF-treated macrophages compromises epithelial viability and barrier integrity in both intestinal epithelial cells and mouse intestinal organoids. These findings indicate that macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses, rather than direct epithelial toxicity, contribute substantially to AA+HMF-induced intestinal injury. Mechanistically, AA and HMF co-exposure triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production in macrophages, accompanied by enhanced glycolysis and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activation. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic silencing of HIF-1α attenuates metabolic and inflammatory responses, while scavenging mtROS or iNOS inhibition reduces macrophage activation. Collectively, these findings reveal an immune-mediated mechanism underlying AA and HMF co-exposure-induced intestinal injury and highlight macrophage responses as a determinant of contaminant mixture toxicity.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Hanyu Shi,Hongliang Fu,Shaocong Zhan,Yue Lian,Yong Dai,Yongfeng Hu,Yang Zang,Zhifeng Wang,Jing Zhao,Huaihao Zhang
Oily wastewater discharge severely endangers ecology and human health, driving demand for oil-water separation materials with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. In this study, the H-ZSM-5 molecular sieves were incorporated into PVA matrix and loaded onto stainless steel mesh (SSM) to construct H-ZSM-5/PVA@SSM composite hydrogel separation material. H-ZSM-5 builds continuous water transport channels for large water flux, increases surface roughness on composite hydrogels to form stable hydration layers and improve oil resistance, while hydrogen bonding reinforces adhesion with PVA matrix. Meanwhile, the SSM as rigid supporting framework offers steady mechanical support for hydrogel coating, and effectively improve material mechanical strength and reusability. The optimal H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5@SSM sample achieves markedly increased water flux rising from 113.04 L m −2 h −1 (PVA@SSM) to 735.82 L m −2 h −1 , while maintaining separation efficiency above 96% after 30 cycles. Besides, the material gains oil-in-water emulsion separation efficiency up to 99.80% with water flux of 1.086 × 10 5 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 . Also, the H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5 composite hydrogel gains tensile strength enhancement from 22.16 MPa to 26.97 MPa compared to pristine PVA hydrogel. By integrating H-ZSM-5 porous transport merit, PVA hydrophilicity and SSM rigid support, the H-ZSM-5/PVA-0.5@SSM achieves efficient purification of oily wastewater and emulsions.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Jiaxin Gao,Yanjie Wang,Peipei Fu,Xiaojun Yan,Denghui Zhu
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are crucial antioxidant enzymes that protect against oxidative damage and participate in immune responses. However, the immunological function of Prx5 in bivalves remains unclear. In this study, the peroxiredoxin gene McPrx5 was cloned from Mytilus coruscus , and its molecular characteristics and biological functions were analyzed. A 1491 bp cDNA sequence was obtained, containing a 573 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a 190-amino-acid protein (20.29 kDa) with features of an atypical 2-Cys Prx. Tissue distribution analysis revealed that McPrx5 was highly expressed in the foot, gill, and digestive gland. Immune challenges with LPS, poly I:C, and Perkinsus olseni induced dynamic changes in McPrx5 expression. Subcellular localization analysis of the McPrx5-GFP fusion protein showed that McPrx5 was exclusively localized in the cytoplasm. Recombinant McPrx5 enhanced the tolerance of Escherichia coli BL21 to H₂O₂, confirming its antioxidant activity. Importantly, in vivo experiments demonstrated that McPrx5 negatively regulates the expression of key molecules in the TLR4 / MyD88 / NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as FOXO transcription factors, suggesting its important role in linking redox homeostasis with immune regulation. These findings clarify the biological functions of McPrx5 in M. coruscus and provide a new basis for understanding the coordinated regulatory mechanisms linking antioxidant defense to innate immunity in bivalves.
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ACS Catalysis
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2026
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IF 13.6
Mengqi Ding,Xinhong Zhao,Yanru Li,Xuefeng Long,Hongwei Li,Dong Ji,Guixian Li
Iron-containing zeolites have shown great potential in catalyzing phenol hydroxylation with H2O2 to produce dihydroxybenzenes (catechol and hydroquinone). However, their industrial application has been hindered by low selectivity and the complexity of active-site identification. This study addresses these challenges by synthesizing a series of Fe-ZSM-5 catalysts with iron contents up to 4 wt % via an ionic liquid-assisted interzeolite transformation route. Through systematic regulation of transformation temperature and calcination atmosphere, combined with an acid treatment step, a catalytically inert benchmark sample (T180-Air) was strategically prepared and compared with three active variants (T200-Air, T180-N2, T200-N2) to achieve the isolation and identification of active sites. Employing a “differential comparison strategy”, combined with DR UV–vis, Raman, Mössbauer, XANES/EXAFS, EPR, H2-TPR, in situ FT-IR characterizations, and DFT calculations, we systematically excluded the possibility of binuclear iron species, small FexOy clusters, and distorted tetrahedral iron as primary active sites. The evidence consistently points to extra-framework octahedrally coordinated mononuclear iron as the key active species, which effectively activates both phenol and H2O2 to generate reactive intermediates. Moreover, the high-selectivity formation of dihydroxybenzenes is driven by a synergistic interaction between these mononuclear octahedral iron sites and neighboring strong acid centers. The optimal catalyst (T200-Air) achieved a phenol conversion of 46.7% and a dihydroxybenzene selectivity of 95.6% under dark conditions, with its dihydroxybenzene selectivity surpassing that of state-of-the-art Fe-based catalysts at comparable phenol conversion levels. This work elucidates the critical importance of the synergistic design between the active iron species and the local acidic microenvironment, providing clear experimental evidence and structure-performance guidelines for the rational design of high-performance iron-zeolite catalysts for selective phenol hydroxylation reactions.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Zhaoqi Ye,Zhizheng Sheng,Kexin Yan,Yifan Zhang,Yaxuan Xu,Yahong Zhang,Hongbin Zhang,Yi Tang
Low-water Na + /K + ion switching creates tunable ZSM-5 mesostructures. • A decoupled ZSM-5 platform isolates diffusion and confinement effects. • Mesopore topology governs the MTA lifetime-selectivity trade-off. • Core-shell Z5-Na8@K0 couples transport, confinement, and coke accommodation. • Spatially integrated mesopores break the lifetime-selectivity trade-off. Balancing molecular diffusion and spatial confinement is central to designing ZSM-5 catalysts for methanol-to-aromatics (MTA), yet their individual roles are difficult to disentangle because mesostructural changes often couple with variations in composition or acidity. Herein, we construct a mesostructure-regulated ZSM-5 platform with comparable framework composition, acid properties, and Al siting via a low-water, seed-induced synthesis. By simply switching alkali metal ions (Na + vs. K + ) and introducing trace amounts of TPABr, two continuously adjustable mesostructural regimes are obtained: open mesoporous nanocrystal assemblies (Na + system) and confined intracrystalline mesoporous single crystals (K + system). MTA catalysis reveals that these two mesostructural regimes impose intrinsically competing demands. Open mesopores enhance molecular transport and coke accommodation, extending catalyst lifetime, but promote premature olefin desorption and weaken BTX shape selectivity. Confined intracrystalline mesopores act as reaction reservoirs that retain intermediates, boosting aromatization and BTX selectivity, yet they are more prone to internal coke accumulation. This establishes a diffusion-confinement competition that governs the lifetime-selectivity trade-off. Guided by this mechanistic distinction, we further construct Z5-Na8@K0, an intraparticle integration of a diffusion-favorable nanocrystal-assembly core and a confinement-providing shell. This architecture moves the lifetime-selectivity frontier forward, achieving a more favorable balance of stability, aromatics selectivity, and cumulative target-product productivity. This work provides a decoupled platform for elucidating structure-performance relationships in zeolites and sheds new light on the rational catalyst design for complex reactions governed by coupled transport and confinement. Download: Download high-res image (287KB) Download: Download full-size image
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