Microbial Cell Factories
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2026
·
IF 5.8
Hu Yuyu,Pan Ziyi,Zhang Jingyu,Zhang Meng,Hu Xiaomin
Background Aminopeptidases specifically cleave N-terminal amino acid residues and have broad applications in flavor modification, bioactive peptide preparation, and biochemical diagnosis. Lysinibacillus sphaericus metabolizes amino acids rather than carbohydrates for energy. Amp0279 was previously identified as a leucyl aminopeptidase from this bacterium. Results The newly characterized Amp0293 originating from L. sphaericus shares a conserved M29 peptidase catalytic domain, homodimeric structure, and Co²⁺- stimulated catalytic properties with Amp0279. Both enzymes have an identical optimal pH of 7.5, with optimal temperatures of 50 °C and 40 °C and optimal Co²⁺ concentrations of 1 mM and 0.1 mM, respectively. For L-Arginine- 4 -nitroanilide (Arg-pNA) and L-leucine- 4 -nitroanilide (Leu-pNA), Amp0293 shows stronger substrate affinity and better substrate-inhibition tolerance toward Arg‑pNA, while Amp0279 possesses higher catalytic efficiency toward Arg-pNA but shows comparable catalytic performance against Leu-pNA. Under specific conditions, their Co²⁺-free specific activities toward Arg-pNA exceed those of the commercial benchmark Flavourzyme ® . Recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum strains harboring the AI-designed promoter P Ha achieved the highest intracellular expression levels (1.1 and 1.9 µg/mg CDW) and enzyme activities (19.9 and 11.8 U/mg CDW without Co²⁺ addition). Secretory expression of the two enzymes was further achieved using CspB2 and TorA signal peptides, yielding crude enzyme activities of 5.4 U/mg CDW for Amp0279 and 3.0 U/mg CDW for Amp0293, respectively, without Co²⁺ addition. Conclusion This study characterizes two cobalt-stimulated, arginine-preferring aminopeptidases. It establishes efficient intracellular and secretory expression systems in C. glutamicum , providing a solid foundation for their industrial application.
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CHEMICAL PAPERS
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2026
·
IF 2.7
Chen Yifei,Sheng Shuqi,Liu Yuqi,Li Qiaoxia,Sun Jiazhe,Zhong Mingqiang,Qu Baiyou,Hu Caixia,Zhao Zhengping
Salen-type Schiff bases, formed by the condensation of salicylaldehyde with diamines, serve as versatile tetradentate N 2 O 2 chelating ligands owing to their tunable electronic and steric structures. Their corresponding metal complexes have been extensively applied as highly efficient and stable catalysts in diverse transformations, particularly in ring-opening polymerization (ROP) reactions. In this study, two structurally related propanediamine-derived bis-Schiff base ligands were synthesized from 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde and corresponding diamines, along with a series of Ce-, Fe-, and Co-Salen complexes. A thorough investigation was conducted on their catalytic performances and influencing factors in the ROP of rac-lactide. The results indicate that the catalytic performance of these Salen-metal complexes is dual-influenced by both the ligand structure and the nature of the metal center. Among the investigated catalysts, the Ce-Salen complex exhibited higher catalytic activity and comparatively favorable M n and dispersity values compared to its Fe- and Co-based counterparts under identical conditions. This comparative study provides valuable insights into the metal-center effects in Salen-type catalysts and offers rational guidance for designing efficient catalysts for PLA synthesis.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 15
Peng Huihui,Lu Tu,Chen Yutong,Ji Zao,Tan Jun,Wang Chenghao,Chen Yu,Sun Mengchi,Wang Xu,Liu Xianjie,Ning Hong,Sun Jin,Ma Xiaoli
Glaucoma is a group of ocular disorders characterized by optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects. Pathologically elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is its primary risk factor. Persistent IOP elevation results in deformation of the lamina cribrosa, compressing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons. This compression leads to RGC loss, disrupted visual signal transmission, and eventually vision loss or blindness. Currently, glaucoma is managed by topical instillation of IOP-lowering eye drops, such as prostaglandin analogs.However, conventional eye drops suffer from low bioavailability, which necessitates frequent and long-term administration. This issue further exacerbates adverse drug reactions such as dry eye induced by preservatives. To overcome these limitations, a novel bioadhesive latanoprost-loaded lyotropic liquid crystal (LAT-LLC) precursor eye drop was developed using biocompatible glyceryl dioleate (GDO) and phosphatidylcholine (SPC). Upon contact with the tear film, these precursors transform into LAT-LLC gels. Compared with commercially available latanoprost eye drops (Xalatan), LAT-LLC gels demonstrated a 3.3 mmHg greater reduction in IOP and a 19% increase in RGC survival. Because RGC preservation paralleled the greater IOP reduction, these findings support an IOP-mediated retinal protective effect. This study provides a promising biocompatible, bioadhesive, sol-to-gel delivery strategy for sustained IOP control, while dose-ranging studies are required to determine whether prolonged retention permits a lower LAT concentration. Graphical
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BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 49
·期 4
·225
·
IF 2.1
Chen Zhida,Wu Yangpeng,Zhuang Hanjie,Jiang Yuanjie,Huang Guofeng,Cai Taoyi
The repair of osteoporotic bone defects remains highly challenging due to the pathological local microenvironment. Exosomes have shown potential as a cell-free therapeutic approach, but their rapid clearance in vivo limits their efficacy. In this study, we developed an injectable oxidized starch/gelatin composite hydrogel (GEL) based on dynamic Schiff base bonds as an intelligent sustained-release carrier for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (Exos), aiming to provide a potential in vitro strategy for modulating bone metabolism. The hydrogel exhibits rapid gelation, notable shear-thinning, and self-healing properties. In vitro release studies demonstrated that the hydrogel enables sustained release of Exos for over 14 days. The exosome-loaded composite significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and effectively suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. In summary, the GEL-Exos composite system constructed in this study provides a local and long-term bidirectional regulatory microenvironment for bone metabolism. Although in vivo validation is still needed, this system shows promise for future osteoporotic bone defect repair.
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Communications Biology
·
2026
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IF 5.8
Chen Zhiyou,Mu Dali,Fu Su,Luan Jie,Liu Tong
Autologous fat grafting is widely used in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery, but its success is limited by unpredictable graft survival. Recent studies have found that white adipocytes within fat grafts can transform into beige adipocytes—a process called browning—yet whether this process helps or harms graft survival remains unclear. Here we show that beige adipocytes, whether generated in the laboratory by serum deprivation or observed in mouse fat grafts, exhibit higher metabolic activity but are also more prone to apoptosis than white adipocytes. Using a genetic tracing system that permanently labels beige adipocytes in mice, we demonstrate that these cells can proliferate, revert back to white adipocytes when the local environment stabilizes, and do not dedifferentiate into progenitor cells. We further identify that two immune-related components—CD206-positive macrophages and tyrosine hydroxylase—are essential drivers of browning in fat grafts. Our findings suggest that browning represents an adaptive but metabolically costly response, and that modulating this process may offer a strategy to improve clinical fat graft retention.
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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 18
·347
·
IF 4.3
Liu Zhen,Li Zhen-Ying,Zhao Kang,Liu Quan-Wei,Zhao Sha-Sha
To achieve efficient lignin removal while preserving cellulose, ternary deep eutectic solvents (DESs) incorporating Lewis acids were prepared for the microwave-assisted pretreatment of corn stover. The effects of Lewis acid types and pretreatment conditions on delignification were investigated, and the structural characteristics of corn stover samples before and after pretreatment were characterized. The results indicated that the ternary DES composed of choline chloride (ChCl), FeCl 3 , and ethylene glycol (EG), denoted as ChCl-FeCl 3 -EG, exhibited optimal performance. Under the conditions of a pretreatment time of 41 min, a temperature of 134 °C, a liquid-solid ratio of 13.80, and a Lewis acid-to-ChCl molar ratio of 0.086, the removal rates of lignin and hemicellulose reached 92.24% and 87.99%, respectively, while the cellulose retention rate reached 94.03%. Compared with traditional oil bath heating, microwave assistance not only enhanced lignin removal efficiency but also significantly shortened the processing time. Furthermore, the mechanism of the ChCl-FeCl 3 -EG pretreatment process for corn stover was analyzed. The DES system achieved efficient separation of corn stover components through the synergistic effects of “acid catalysis, hydrogen bond disruption, and selective dissolution,” providing a green pretreatment pathway for biorefining.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
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2026
·Vol. 53
·期 1
·1628
·
IF 3.2
Li Yushu,Fu Yuting,Wang Xingzhi,Ma Xiaofei,Cong Guangting,Sui Manshu
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, yet effective therapeutic targets remain limited. Podocyte injury and podocyte to mesenchymal transition represent critical pathological events driving renal fibrosis and progressive dysfunction in DN. Methods and Results Through integrated transcriptomic data from public databases, we discovered that the RNA-binding protein PTBP3 is aberrantly elevated in DN. PTBP3 upregulation was validated in renal tissues from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and in high glucose (HG) challenged podocytes, suggesting its potential involvement in DN pathogenesis. In PTBP3 knockdown mice, STZ-induced 24 h urinary protein, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were significantly attenuated. Histological analyses revealed ameliorated glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial expansion, and reduced renal fibrosis upon PTBP3 knockdown. In addition, the results showed that the PTBP3 expression in glomeruli of diabetic mice was increased and PTBP3 silencing inhibited the EMT of podocytes in diabetic mice, which was accompanied with the decreased expression of SMAD3. This was evidenced by the restored expression of E-cadherin and the reduced expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and fibronectin. The results from culture podocytes showed similar results. Mechanistically, the dual-luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that PTBP3 interacted with the 3’-UTR of SMAD3 mRNA to facilitate its stabilization and increase its total protein and subsequent phosphorylation levels. Conclusions Notably, PTBP3 knockdown ameliorated renal fibrosis and preserved renal function, underscoring the therapeutic potential of targeting podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition in DN.
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BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.2
Zhang Qun,Jiang Xue,Liu Lu,Jia Yu-Meng,Yu Pan-Pan,Zhang Jie,Guo Xin-Ying,Wang Jing-Jing,Guo Cai-Xia,Wang Lei
Adverse cardiac remodeling leads to the development of heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI), yet the immunometabolic signals governing early infarct repair remain poorly understood. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important immunometabolic regulators, but their relevance and mechanistic contribution to post-MI repair remain unclear. Here, we integrated clinical observations with genetic and pharmacological intervention studies to investigate the role of the SCFAs-free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2) axis in post-MI repair. Circulating SCFAs levels were markedly decreased in patients with MI, and associated with more complex coronary lesions and a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. In murine MI, SCFAs supplementation reduced infarct expansion, cardiomyocyte death, and cardiac rupture, and improved left-ventricular function. These benefits were lost in global and myeloid-specific Ffar2 -deficient mice, demonstrating an essential role for myeloid FFAR2 in SCFA-mediated cardioprotection. Mechanistically, SCFAs activated FFAR2-G αi signaling in macrophages to suppress RANKL–RANK-driven osteoclast-like macrophage differentiation. thereby enhancing early fibrotic stabilization, reducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improving infarct healing. Pharmacological blockade of osteoclast-like macrophage activation partially rescued impaired healing and cardiac dysfunction in myeloid-specific Ffar2 -deficient mice after MI. These findings identify circulating SCFAs as clinically relevant biomarkers associated with coronary lesion complexity and adverse clinical outcomes after MI, and establish the SCFAs–FFAR2 axis as an immune-metabolic pathway that orchestrates macrophage fate and infarct healing. Targeting SCFAs–FFAR2 signaling may represent a therapeutic strategy to limit adverse post-MI remodeling and prevent heart failure.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 10
·676
·
IF 5.4
He Yi-Juan,Zhu Yu-Lan,Zhao Yun-Qiao,He Ren-Xiu,Xie Sheng-Ming,Wang Bang-Jin,Zhang Jun-Hui,Yuan Li-Ming
A facile one-pot strategy was developed to construct a core-shell UMOP-S-2-Ppa@SiO 2 composite using (S)-2-phenylpropionic acid as chiral selector. The prepared UMOP-S-2-Ppa@SiO 2 composite was utilized as a novel chiral stationary phase (CSP) for HPLC enantioseparation. Under normal-phase HPLC conditions, the packed column afforded effective enantioseparation for 18 racemates including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, amines, and epoxy compounds, among which 11 pairs of enantiomers achieved baseline resolution. Compared with the widely used Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H columns, the developed chiral column exhibited good chiral separation complementarity. It can efficiently resolve some racemates that fail to be separated by the above commercial columns. The column also demonstrated satisfactory repeatability and stability, and the relative standard deviations of retention time and peak area remained below 1.0% after 250 consecutive injections. These results demonstrate that chiral metal-organic cages(MOC)@SiO 2 core-shell composites prepared via a post-synthetic modification strategy hold great promise for HPLC enantioseparation, offering new insights into the development of MOC-based materials for chromatographic applications. Graphical
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Communications Biology
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2026
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IF 5.8
He Mingli,Yang Cheng,Shi Haiyuan,Xuan Xunrong,Li Juan,Zhang Chunyang,Zhang Han
Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) has been implicated in blood perfusion recovery. This study aims to explore its effects on the repair of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Human cortical microvessels endothelial cells/D3 (hCMEC/D3) are induced with hypoxia and co-cultured with microvascular pericytes and astrocytes. Mice are induced by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS). In hypoxia-induced hCMEC/D3 cells and vascular endothelial cells from BCAS-induced mice, CRY2 is downregulated. CRY2 overexpression ameliorates hCMEC/D3 injury and inhibits BBB disruption and cognitive dysfunction in mice. rs10838524 (A > G) resulted in the CRY2 reduction and correlated with more severe CCH. CRY2 mediates the time-dependent expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2). The ameliorative effect of CRY2 on CCH is dependent on the IGF2/Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT). The findings demonstrate that the rs10838524 (A > G) of CRY2 represses enhancer-mediated transcription of CRY2 , thereby attenuating activation of IGF2 and impairing PI3K/AKT signaling.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 26
·2048
·
IF 3.2
Guo Fengsheng,Yang Zhongyingnan
Detecting NH 3 in confined spaces is essential for operational safety. To address this demand, a dual-functional micro-supercapacitor (MSC) is developed by electrodepositing polyaniline (PANI) onto a laser-induced graphene (LIG) framework, followed by encapsulation with a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/H 2 SO 4 gel electrolyte prepared via an acid-assisted non-solvent induced phase separation (acid-NIPS) process. The acid-NIPS-tailored architecture provides sufficient ionic conductivity while facilitating gas transport kinetics. Finite element simulations were used to evaluate NH 3 diffusion at 40 ppm, a concentration relevant to confined-space safety monitoring. The specific deprotonation of PANI chains by NH 3 increases the electrical resistance of the composite electrode, yielding a reliable quantitative concentration-dependent response. Under extreme mechanical disturbances, the device maintains a highly stable electrical baseline without significant fluctuation in initial resistance after 12 h of ultrasonic vibration and 120° bending, confirming its robust structural integrity. Additionally, it functions as a reliable energy storage unit, delivering an areal capacitance of 246.8 mF cm −2 and retaining 95.3% of its initial capacitance after 3000 cycles under a restricted 0–0.8 V window. This work provides an integrated device architecture for simultaneous steady-state environmental monitoring and energy storage in confined operational conditions.
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CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
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2026
·
IF 3
Jia Wei,Wang Haoqi,Zhang Lina,Yang Lixian,Yu Jingjing,Yang Jinqiang,Geng Cuizhi
As the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, breast cancer (BC) exhibits high heterogeneity, with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) tumors accounting for 60%-75% of all clinical BC cases. Despite extensive evaluation of bevacizumab (Bev) across BC subtypes, HR + BC remains a major clinical challenge. Given current therapeutic limitations, exploring Bev-related strategies offers promise for uncovering new vulnerabilities in HR + BC. In this study, treatment of the prototypical HR + BC cell line MCF-7 with Bev led to an enhanced invasive phenotype in these cells. Subsequent mRNA sequencing of MCF-7 cells revealed immediate early response 5-like (IER5L) as an upregulated gene in Bev-treated cells. Clinical analysis demonstrated that IER5L expression was significantly elevated in HR + BC tissue samples and that high IER5L levels were closely correlated with TNM stage. Functional characterization revealed that IER5L overexpression enhanced cell migration and invasion, concomitant with the induction of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Furthermore, heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1), a known oncogenic driver, showed a positive correlation with IER5L in BC samples, and both proteins co-localized in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Mechanistically, IER5L suppressed phosphorylation of HSF1 at serine 307, and a phospho‑defective mutant (S307A) significantly enhanced the migratory and invasive phenotypes of BC cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that IER5L contributes to the malignant progression of HR + BC through modulation of HSF1 phosphorylation, thereby providing a promising therapeutic strategy for HR + BC.
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