JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2025
·
IF 6.2
Longfei Wang,Yuanjun Tang,Guoneng Li,Jun Dong,Yao Fang,Wenwen Guo,Chao Ye
This study systematically investigates the effects of Fe-loading on the pyrolysis behavior of three key biomass components: cellulose , xylan , and lignin . Complementary analytical techniques, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS), and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), were utilized to assess the impact of Fe-loading on: ( i ) pyrolysis characteristics, ( ii ) the combined pyrolysis index ( CPI ), ( iii ) small-molecule gas evolution, and ( iv ) tar product distribution. Results demonstrate that the loading of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 significantly reduced the initial pyrolysis temperatures of cellulose and xylan by ∼140 °C and ∼62 °C, respectively, resulting in 58 % and 37 % decreases in CPI values. Conversely, lignin exhibited a 111 % CPI increase under Fe loading conditions, attributable to accelerated aryl-ether bond cleavage. The presence of Fe enhanced CO 2 evolution while suppressing H 2 O and CO generation in cellulose / xylan conditions. In contrast, it promoted CH 4 , H 2 , CO, and CO 2 evolution during lignin pyrolysis. Py-GC/MS analysis indicated that the presence of Fe drives aromatization through deoxygenation pathways while inhibiting ring-opening depolymerization, consequently shifting tar composition toward higher-carbon-number aromatic hydrocarbons. The findings can serve as a valuable reference for the application and promotion of the high-value valorization of waste biomass.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Dong Zhuoya,Jiang Haoxin,Ming Hui,Guo Xuqiang,Xiao Yepeng,Cheng Lihua,Zhang Libo
Petroleum coke (PC) is characterized by its high carbon content and low cost, but its elevated sulfur content and dense structural configuration constrain high-value utilization and electrochemical applications. To address these limitations, this study employed PC combined with three lignocellulosic model components (cellulose, hemicellulose/xylan, lignin) for synthesizing porous carbon materials through KOH-catalyzed co-pyrolysis. Systematic characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and electrochemical measurements demonstrated that KOH activation effectively removed sulfur impurities while significantly enhancing material porosity and surface area. Among the biomass components, hemicellulose (xylan) exhibited the most pronounced pore-forming effect. The optimized material achieved a specific capacitance of 463.9 F/g at 50 mV/s with over 82% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles, demonstrating exceptional electrochemical stability. This work establishes a novel strategy for transforming petroleum coke into high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.
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高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Li Zhao,Hao Fu,Yuan-gu Xia,Ji Liu,Bin Hu,Zhan-jun Cheng,Xi Luo,Dan Yan,Ji-hong Li,Qiang Lu
Pyrolysis is a promising thermochemical conversion technology, which can convert biomass and cellulose into value-added products. Herein, a new approach of oxalic acid-assisted staged fast pyrolysis (OASFP) of cellulose was developed, achieving the coproduction of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-d-glucopyranose (DGP), furfural (FF), and formic acid (FA) in separated pyrolysis stages. The lab-scale tests demonstrated that a selectivity of 71.6% and a yield of 31.5 wt % for FA in the aqueous phase, as well as a selectivity of 55.6% and a yield of 1.2 wt % for FF in the organic phase, were achieved in the primary pyrolysis stage under the optimized conditions (primary pyrolysis temperature of 220 °C and cellulose-to-oxalic acid (OA) ratio of 1:3). During the subsequent secondary pyrolysis process at 400 °C, the decomposition of the solid residue achieved a yield of 7.2 wt % and a selectivity of 32.7% for DGP. The interaction between OA and cellulose during the primary pyrolysis stage was essential for DGP generation. The formation mechanism of major products and the role of OA were revealed based on experiments and density functional theory calculations. In total, the OASFP of cellulose offers new possibilities and opportunities for biomass utilization.
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高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Xiang Shao,Jun Zhong,Dong Xu,Xiaoyuan Ren,Han Zhou,Chenyu Wang
The utilization of solid waste to prepare biochar for pollutant adsorption has emerged as a promising strategy. This study innovatively engineered magnetic biochar (S 1 I 3 -HC 240 and S 3 I 1 -PC 800 ) via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and pyrolysis approaches using sewage sludge and iron tailings (IT) as dual precursors, and investigated their adsorption behaviors and underlying mechanisms for methylene blue (MB) removal. The incorporation of IT enhanced MB adsorption, achieving maximum adsorption capacities of 91.17 mg/g (S 1 I 3 -HC 240 ) and 82.30 mg/g (S 3 I 1 -PC 800 ), respectively. The adsorption processes followed the Elovich kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm, indicating spontaneous and endothermic reactions dominated by chemosorption. The primary mechanisms involved in MB removal included electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, hydrogen bonding, and surface complexation. Notably, HTC processing with IT promoted formation of oxygenic group and Fe 3 O 4 , strengthening hydrogen bonding and surface complexation. Conversely, in pyrolysis, IT enhanced electrostatic attraction and oxidative degradation by increasing nitrogen functional groups and generating Fe 0 . From both an energy consumption and adsorption performance perspective, the energy-efficient HTC technique offers a significant advantage for the preparation of magnetic biochar from solid waste, making it a promising approach for sludge resource utilization.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Hao Zhou,Yan Dang,Chao Li,Xinyu Chen,Yongqi Liu,Haohao Bian,Andrei Ivanets,Jiliang Zheng,Xiaoyan He,José María García-Mina,Xintai Su
Unlike traditional biomass composting humification, pyrolysis humification can rapidly convert waste biomass into humic substances (HSs) at lower temperatures and in an alkaline environment for soil remediation. This study utilized the strong alkaline solid waste carbide slag (CARBIDE) and cotton stalk (CS) for pyrolysis humification. The pyrolysis humification mechanism and effect of CARBIDE and CS were investigated using FT-IR, NMR, and Py-GC/MS. Furthermore, the ability of HSs to remediate cadmium-contaminated soil (Cd-soil) was assessed through soil property analysis, pot tests, and microbial diversity studies. The results showed that humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) had the highest yield of 19 % and 5 %, respectively, among the humic substances (HS-CS&CA) produced under the conditions of 250 ℃, reaction time of 2 h and mass ratio of CS to CARBIDE of 5: 1. At 250 ℃, CARBIDE changed the heat transfer mechanism of biomass, promoted the decomposition of more hemicellulose and protein, promoted the Deamination, Ketonization and Maillard reaction, and synthesized more HAs. HS-CS&CA had a significant remediation effect on Cd-soil. The immobilization rate of Cd was as high as 23 %, and the accumulation of Cd in maize was reduced by 65 %. At the same time, the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Xanthomonadaceae and Bacillaceae for immobilizing Cd was increased, and the cycling effect of N and P was also enhanced. This study provides an innovative technical route for the rapid humification of CARBIDE and CS and its application in Cd-soil remediation.
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高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2022
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IF 5.774
Shanshan Shao,Chengyue Liu,Xianliang Xiang,Xiaohua Li,Huiyan Zhang,Rui Xiao
Catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis gas components from cellulose and xylan was investigated over ZrO 2 catalyst to produce aldehydes and ketones . The oxygen content in the bio-oil was reduced by aldol condensation and hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones. The optimal pyrolysis temperature of cellulose and xylan were determined to be 400 °C and 350 °C and the carbon yields of aldehydes and ketones reached 54.49% and 52.05% respectively. In order to explore the formation mechanism of aldehydes and ketones, the evolution of typical products by controlling the reaction time was studied. The catalytic pyrolysis was complete and the product content was maximum at 20 min H 2 O played a role in providing oxygen atoms and increasing ZrO 2 reaction activity in the carbonylation process. The binding energy of the catalyst was calculated as −15.69 kcal/mol by density functional theory (DFT). It was found that the presence of water can remove the coke on the catalyst surface and increase the activity of ZrO 2 . The yield of aldehydes and ketones reached 58.17% and 55.85% of cellulose and xylan with the presence of 15 wt% H 2 O in the carbonylation process. According to the evolution of the above experimental products, the generation pathways of four main carbonylation products (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone , butyraldehyde and furfural) were proposed. Through this research, the effective utilization of biomass could be realized.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2016
·Vol. 4
·期 17
·6630-6638
·
IF 8.262
Fei He,Xinghua Chen,Yanfei Shen,Ying Li,Anran Liu,Songqin Liu,Toshiyuki Mori,Yuanjian Zhang
The development of efficient and low-cost non-precious-metal electrocatalysts such as Fe–N/C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Here, we report a class of highly efficient Fe–N/C electrocatalysts derived from versatile imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with a halogen-coordinated iron anion. Without any supports, templates, or multi-step pyrolysis, the as-prepared Fe–N/C catalysts exhibited superior activity in the ORR to the state-of-the-art Pt/C in alkaline electrolytes by 44 mV in half-wave potential. More interestingly, owing to the versatile configuration of the imidazolium-based IL precursors, a diverse range of catalyst structures was successfully modulated. Based on this, it was clearly revealed that the electrical conductivity, type/amount of N dopants, and “effective porosity” (not the conventional total surface area) jointly determined the electrocatalytic activity. A pivotal radar chart is further proposed to successfully predict activity in the ORR merely from the structures of Fe–N/C catalysts. The proposed ILs platform would provide a valuable toolbox for the molecular design of precursors to tune the structures of Fe–N/C electrocatalysts towards excellent activity in the ORR in a highly flexible manner, and facilitate the long-term challenging study of relationships between processing, structure and activity.
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高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 10.753
Haobo Bi,Zhanshi Ni,Junjian Tian,Chunlong Jiang,Hao Sun,Qizhao Lin
The effects of lignin (LIG) on coal gangue (CG) pyrolysis characteristics, gas emissions, and multi-lump parallel reaction modeling are studied in this paper. The combined thermogravimetry and Fourier infrared spectrometer were used to obtain the weight loss and gas product functional group data of the co-pyrolysis of coal gangue and lignin. Gaussian peaks were used to analyze the reaction degree of different proportions of lignin added to coal gangue at different temperatures. Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to further analyze pyrolysis reaction process. During the pyrolysis of C1L3 samples, a synergistic interaction was discovered. The optimal mixing ratio of coal gangue and lignin during pyrolysis was obtained. The influence mechanism of lignin on coal gangue pyrolysis is studied in this article, which can provide technical support for the reduction and resource utilization of coal gangue. There are six-lump parallel reactions in pyrolysis after CG and LIG are mixed. The addition of LIG changed the CO 2 release law of CG pyrolysis. The strengthening of coal gangue disposal research is of positive significance for improving the environment and increasing the utilization rate of coal.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Liwen Du,Zhongyang Luo,Kaige Wang,Feiting Miao,Qingguo Zhou,Wanchen Zhu,Longfei Li
The ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of poplar in a dual-catalyst system of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and HZSM-5 was performed using a bench-scale device to enhance the aromatics production. Results indicated that the introduction of HAP could effectively achieve the deoxygenation of macromolecular oxygenates, which were then converted into hydrocarbon precursors. The combination of HAP and HZSM-5 exceedingly promoted the production of aromatics especially monocyclic aromatics (MAHs) than single HZSM-5. The effects of operating conditions on aromatics yield and distribution were investigated. Under the catalyst layout of mode B, with the optimum conditions reaching the catalytic temperature of 500 °C, HAP to HZSM-5 ratio of 2:4, and catalyst to biomass ratio of 1:1, the maximum aromatics yield of 9.10 wt% was achieved, accompanied by the monocyclic aromatics/polycyclic aromatics ratio enhanced to 2.33. At this point, the synergistic effect for MAHs and total aromatics reached 170.09% and 214.14%, respectively. Compared to the conventional metal oxides, the HAP/HZSM-5 dual-catalyst system exhibited superior performance in aromatics production. Besides, the anti-coking capability of HZSM-5 in the dual-catalyst system was also better than that of pure HZSM-5. This research provided a new perspective for the efficient utilization of biomass energy.
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高影响因子
Sustainable Energy & Fuels
·
2025
·
IF 4.1
Guozhang Chang,Shanshan Dai,Xingyu Ye,Jie Li,Yunxiu Ren,Weiwei Cui,Cuiping Wang,Jian Zhang
Individual organic components namely cellulose, xylan and lignin are fundamental and essential factors for generation of bio-based monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) from pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, the influence of individual components on the characteristics of thermal decomposition and MAHs generation in pyrolysis of cellulose/xylan/lignin mixtures were investigated by a TG-MS analyzer and a Py-GC/MS analyzer. Results show that both increase in contents of cellulose and xylan were conductive to the thermal decomposition of cellulose/xylan/lignin mixtures, while the increase in content of lignin presented the opposite effect. The orders of effect on the thermal decomposition were cellulose > xylan > lignin. Benzene was released in pyrolysis from 281 to 766°C, and its release amount increased with the increased cellulose, xylan, or lignin with various mechanisms. Toluene was released from 281 to 692°C and its release amount was only increased with the increased lignin. Compared to linear heating technique (15°C/min), fast pyrolysis technique (20°C/ms) was conductive to the formation of xylene. MAHs was rarely directly produced both in pyrolysis of cellulose and xylan, but both the presence of the two components were beneficial to promoting MAHs yield. The promotion ratio of the increased cellulose (86.13%) was higher than that of the increased xylan (30.73%).
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高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Lei Zhang,Tian Ai,Nan Zhang
Selenium dioxide (SeO 2 ) is a carcinogenic pollutant that must be effectively removed to ensure the safety of the water supply. In this study, a series of Ce–MOFs adsorbents and their derivatives with different structures and properties were successfully prepared by using microwave digestion and anaerobic carbonisation techniques. The pyrolysed Ce–MOFs exhibit excellent adsorption capabilities, with their Se(Ⅳ) adsorption properties and efficiencies significantly outperforming the majority of data presented in the existing literature. For example, the Ce–MOFs obtained by pyrolysis at 300 ℃ and 600 ℃ reached adsorption equilibrium in only 9 min at solution pH 8 and 4, and the maximum adsorption capacity could reach 331.12 and 354.61 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that the primary mechanisms involved were chemisorption and liquid film diffusion. Additionally, Ce–MOFs demonstrated the capacity to effectively adsorb phosphate, sulfate, and silicate, exhibiting good reusability. The application of characterisation techniques, including XRD, SEM, FTIR and XPS, has demonstrated that the carbon skeleton underwent a gradual detachment, accompanied by significant alterations to the morphology, pore size distribution and surface functional groups. This resulted in the exposure of an increased number of CeO 2 lattices and oxygen vacancies, which in turn led to the formation of a greater number of adsorption sites. The aforementioned adsorption sites are more favourable for Se(Ⅳ) adsorption through electrostatic attraction and ligand exchange, among other mechanisms. This study provides a scientific basis for the application of Ce–MOFs in the field of environmental remediation, as well as valuable data for further optimising the design and preparation of adsorbents, and new ideas and methods for solving the problem of water environmental pollution.
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高影响因子
Biochar
·
2021
·Vol. 3
·期 3
·391-405
·
IF 0
Li Chao,Sun Yifan,Zhang Lijun,Wang Changxu,Zhang Shu,Li Qiaoling,Xu Leilei,Hu Xun
Biomass and pig manure have distinct compositions and the co-pyrolysis of them has gained much attention. However, the influence of volatiles interaction on the properties of the char was still unclear. In this study, lignin was selected as the model component of biomass with pig manure for co-pyrolysis at 600 °C. The results indicate that volatiles from co-pyrolysis promoted re-condensation reaction, resulting in the higher char yield (48.0% in co-pyrolysis versus 31.0% in pyrolysis of single manure) and the formation of more aromatics in bio-oil. The co-pyrolysis also facilitated the dehydrogenation and dehydration reactions, which accounted for the elimination of oxygen and nitrogen contents and thus a higher carbon content (64.7% in the co-pyrolysis versus the averaged value of 46.4% from the pyrolysis of single feedstock), higher crystallinity and thermal stability of the char. The in-situ diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) characterization results demonstrated that the functionalities abundances of char with temperature was influenced by volatiles interaction via accelerating the carbonization reaction. In addition, the high heating value (HHV) of char was obviously improved by cross-interaction of volatiles during co-pyrolysis (24.4 MJ/Kg in co-pyrolysis versus averaged value of 15.1 MJ/Kg from single pyrolysis), implying that the co-pyrolysis enhanced the energy density of the resulting char. Graphic abstract
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）