JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 4.4
Jiang Meng,Jiayang Wu,Xiaoning Lu,Mengchen Zeng,Shunxu Yang,Junling Yang,Shuping Li,Meizi Zhou,Wanxun Li,Mingchao Zhu,Guangcan Zhu
NH₄Cl gas template creates hierarchically porous g-C₃N₄ via one-step microwave synthesis. • 10 g-GCN achieves 2.35× increased surface area (26.09 m 2 g −1 ) and 88% CFS degradation. • Porous structure shortens charge migration paths and enhances mass transfer. • O₂ − dominates the degradation; ·OH plays a larger auxiliary role than in etching systems. • ECOSAR warns of high-toxicity intermediates requiring complete mineralisation. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is a promising metal-free photocatalyst for water purification, but its low surface area and poor mass transfer in densely stacked layers limit practical performance. Herein, a microwave-assisted gas-template strategy using ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) was employed to prepare hierarchically porous g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets (GCN). During microwave-driven polycondensation of melamine, NH 4 Cl decomposed in situ to release NH 3 and HCl gases, which simultaneously disrupted the lamellar stacking and generated abundant mesopores without requiring a separate solid-template removal step. The optimised 10 g-GCN exhibited a specific surface area of 26.09 m 2 g −1 , 2.35 times higher than pristine g-C 3 N 4 , and a pore volume of 0.190 cm3 g-1. Under visible-light irradiation, 10 g-GCN degraded 88% of cefotaxime sodium within 60 min, with an apparent pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.03242 min −1 , 4.16 times that of bulk g-C 3 N 4 . The enhanced activity is correlated with the porous nanosheet architecture, which is associated with shortened charge-migration distances, enhanced pollutant diffusion, and increased accessibility of active sites. Radical-trapping experiments confirmed superoxide radicals (·O 2 − ) as the dominant reactive species, while hydroxyl radicals (·OH) may be generated as a minor supplementary species through the electron-driven cascade reduction of O 2 . The degradation efficiency decreased from 88% to 79% after five cycles (approximately 90% of the initial efficiency retained), and the catalyst showed broad-spectrum degradation towards cephalosporin and non-cephalosporin antibiotics. LC-MS identified pathways including de-esterification, side-chain cleavage, beta-lactam ring opening, and fragmentation towards mineralisation. TOC confirmed 28.0% mineralisation, while ECOSAR indicated that some intermediates may still exhibit elevated aquatic toxicity, highlighting the need for sufficient mineralisation in practical treatment scenarios.
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Antioxidants
·
2026
·Vol. 15
·期 8
·984
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IF 8.2
Mengjiao She,Ao Yu,Xiaozhan Qiu,Wanyu Liu,Rui Chen,Renshan Deng,Huan Zeng,Chunling Zhu,Qiong Wu,Jinlan Meng,Wenjie Mei
The urgent need for novel glioblastoma (GBM) therapies has motivated the exploration of EGFR G-quadruplex (G4) targeting, which suppresses oncogene transcription independently of kinase activity. However, existing EGFR G4 ligands lack subtype selectivity. Through computer-aided design and systematic bioisosteric modifications of the 1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline scaffold, we synthesized a series of derivatives. We evaluated their G4 interactions by molecular docking, UV-Vis, FRET, ITC, and CD. Compound3, bearing a 6-bromopiperonyl group, exhibited nanomolar affinity for EGFR G4 (Kd = 102 nM) with ~146-fold selectivity over K-Ras G4, stabilizing it via end-stacking. It potently inhibited U87-MG glioblastoma cell proliferation (IC50= 0.49 μM), with a wide safety margin relative to normal HMC3 microglia (safety index = 14.18). Mechanistically, compound3triggered DNA damage, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and sequential multi-organelle damage to mitochondria, lysosomes, and the endoplasmic reticulum, while impairing cell migration and invasion. These findings establish compound3as a uniquely selective EGFR G4 stabilizer, offering a promising multi-organelle-damage strategy for glioblastoma therapy.
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POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 3.6
Chunmei Gao,Pengfei Zhang,Yiming Bai,Shifeng Ji,Changbing Ye,Yunqing Xing
Conventional polyamide nanofiltration membranes face the dual challenges of chlorine-induced degradation and the permeability–selectivity trade-off. In this study, a thin-film nanocomposite membrane was fabricated by incorporating β-cyclodextrin-functionalized g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets into the polyamide layer via interfacial polymerization. The β-CD@g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets provide additional water transport pathways and reduce mass transfer resistance through their hydrophilic groups, β-CD cavities, and intrinsic triangular nanopores. The optimized PCDN-3 membrane achieved a water permeance of 15.30 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 , 2.7 times that of the pristine membrane, while maintaining a Na 2 SO 4 rejection of 98.18% and a NaCl/Na 2 SO 4 separation factor of 47.27. Notably, the N–H groups on g-C 3 N 4 act as sacrificial sites for active chlorine, resulting in only a 0.05% increase in salt rejection after exposure to 12,000 ppm·h active chlorine, demonstrating exceptional chlorine stability. Fouling experiments confirmed the composite membrane's excellent antifouling performance. This “cyclodextrin–carbon nitride” strategy provides a promising approach for developing nanofiltration membranes with high permeability, superior chlorine resistance, and robust antifouling properties. Highlights Membrane shows 2.7× water flux (15.30 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 ) and 98.18% Na 2 SO 4 rejection. Hydrophilic –OH/–NH 2 improves antifouling; N–H bonds scavenge Cl radicals via sacrifice. High selectivity for NaCl/Na 2 SO 4 ( α = 47.27) via monovalent/divalent ion separation. PCDN membrane achieves > 90.05% FRR, exhibiting excellent antifouling durability.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 6.6
Shiao Feng,Zirui Huang,Xiyu Jia,Mengjiao Dong,Chun Sun,Yonghui Zhang,Chao Fan
A SnS 2 /graphene/SnS trilayer vdW heterojunction was constructed. • Graphene promotes charge transport and suppresses dark current. • The device achieves 5656.3 A W −1 responsivity at 405 nm. • Broadband detection from 405 to 850 nm is demonstrated. • Self-powered operation and imaging applications are achieved. Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are promising materials for broadband photodetection, benefiting from their favorable light–matter interaction and electrical properties. As an n-type layered semiconductor, SnS 2 is suitable for photodetection because carriers can move efficiently in it and incident light can be effectively absorbed, making it suitable for photodetection applications. In this work, SnS 2 /graphene/SnS (SnS 2 /Gr/SnS) trilayer van der Waals heterojunctions and corresponding photodetectors were fabricated and investigated. Owing to the graphene interlayer, which serves as both a carrier transport layer and a barrier layer, The detector responds to light over a wide spectral range, covering both the near-ultraviolet (NUV) and near-infrared (NIR) regions. Under 405-nm irradiation, the photodetector reaches an R value of 5656.3 A·W −1 and a D ⁎ value of 3.33 × 10 13 Jones. When the wavelength is extended to 850 nm, the responsivity remains 574.2 A·W −1 . The device also shows clear self-powered behavior, outperforming the conventional SnS 2 /SnS bilayer heterojunction photodetector. These results offer an effective strategy for improving SnS 2 -based broadband photodetectors and promotes their potential applications in optical communication and single-pixel imaging. Download: Download high-res image (225KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Catalysts
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·316
·
IF 4.5
Hongbo Liu,Xiaoman Lai,Xinyuan Peng,Jie Huang,Wenbo Tong,Yuhua Chi,Zhiyong Huang
To overcome the inherent limitations of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), specifically the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and its confined light absorption range, a sulfur-doped g-C3N4(S-g-C3N4) photocatalyst was developed in this work. The photocatalytic performance and its catalytic mechanism for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation were systematically investigated. Material characterization and performance tests revealed that S doping can narrow the band gap of g-C3N4and effectively enhance the separation and transport efficiency of charge carriers. The as-prepared catalyst demonstrated excellent activity under simulated sunlight, achieving nearly complete degradation of 10 mg/L RhB within 15 min. Moreover, it exhibited robust stability across a pH range of 6 to 11 and in the presence of coexisting anions (Cl−, NO3−, CO32−), with negligible activity loss after five consecutive cycles. Radical trapping experiments verified that ∙OH radicals served as the primary active species, with h+playing a secondary role in the degradation process. This work provides practical guidance for designing durable g-C3N4-based photocatalysts with high performance for organic wastewater treatment.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
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2026
·
IF 4.8
Linke Zhao,Yang Li,Lili Li,Gongke Wang,Hairui Liu,Hongjing Li,Arif Nawaz,Haifa Zhai
A Z-scheme CIS/rGO/p-CN heterostructure was designed. • CIS/rGO/p-CN exhibits the highest visible-light activity for Cr(VI) photoreduction. • rGO serves as the solid-state electron mediator to switch the charge transfer mode. Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)), a highly toxic metal ion readily soluble in aqueous environments, poses significant threats to human health. Herein, a novel Z-scheme CuInS 2 /rGO/protonated g-C 3 N 4 heterostructure was designed with rGO serving as the solid-state electron mediator between CuInS 2 and protonated C 3 N 4 . The samples were systematically characterized using XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, XPS, PL, and UV–vis spectroscopy techniques. This flower-like hierarchical structure CuInS 2 /rGO/protonated g-C 3 N 4 exhibits enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for Cr (VI) photoreduction. Specifically, it demonstrates a 98% reductive efficiency for Cr (VI) within 20 min at pH= 4 and stable photocatalytic performance. The results indicate that the integration of rGO nanosheets significantly enhances the photocatalytic performance of the CuInS 2 /rGO/protonated g-C 3 N 4 heterostructure by weakening the built-in electric field between CuInS 2 and protonated C 3 N 4 and switching the charge transfer mode from a conventional p-n junction to a Z-scheme mechanism. Download: Download high-res image (103KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
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IF 6.7
Xugang Rong,Zhenguo Pang,Yutao Wang,Baiquan Chen,Peijin Liu,Quan Zhu,Wei He
Although graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) is a promising two-dimensional material with good thermal conductivity, its wide bandgap and rapid charge recombination limit its direct application in photothermal conversion. In this study, an in-situ doping strategy was employed to introduce copper into the intrinsic vacancies of g-C 3 N 4 , fabricating a surface-porous 2D Cu-doped material (g-C 3 N 4 @Cu). Microstructural and spectroscopic analyses reveal that atomically dispersed Cu via Cu-N bonds significantly broadens the visible-light absorption band via the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) effect. This mechanism enables highly efficient absorption and photothermal conversion under blue light (450 nm). This novel photothermal sensitizer was then uniformly immobilized onto nitrocellulose (NC) via a solution-based approach, forming g-C 3 N 4 @Cu/NC energetic microspheres. This integrated design not only enhances interfacial adhesion but also curtails the thermal diffusion path from the photosensitizer to the NC matrix, establishing a synergistic photothermal-thermocatalytic mechanism. Consequently, the composite g-C 3 N 4 @Cu/NC achieves a photothermal conversion efficiency of over 37%. Furthermore, its laser ignition delay time is significantly reduced by approximately 30 times compared to the blank control group, demonstrating an extremely low ignition threshold. Ultimately, this study provides fundamental insights into metal-doped g-C 3 N 4 systems and offers an effective material-design approach for integrating photosensitive and energetic materials for highly controllable optical-to-thermal responses.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 4
·123242
·
IF 7.5
Guijuan Liu,Xiaolong Zhang,Lijuan Tan,Weixing Li
The integration of photocatalytic process with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation constitutes a promising strategy for eliminating organic pollutants in aqueous solutions. Despite notable advances in CoFe 2 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 composites, studies on their application in visible-light-responsive PMS-activated tetracycline (TC) degradation remain insufficient, particularly in the systematic elucidation of the quantitative order of ROS contributions and associated mechanisms. To address this knowledge gap, a recyclable CoFe 2 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared via the sol–gel method. The composites demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic performance with 97.8% TC degradation in 60 min under visible-light irradiation. The kinetic rate constant of 0.056 min −1 , which was 3.7 and 3.2 times that of pure g-C 3 N 4 (0.015 min −1 ) and CoFe 2 O 4 (0.017 min −1 ). Moreover, the developed catalyst exhibited excellent stability along with tolerance to common anions and compatibility with various organic matrices. By coupling radical quenching experiments with ESR spectroscopy, a definitive degradation contribution order for the reactive species in this system was firstly established as: 1 O 2 > SO 4 · - > O 2 · - > h + > · OH. A plausible mechanism for TC degradation was thus put forward. It provides a viable approach for developing high-performance and durable g-C 3 N 4 -derived photocatalytic system, which can be effectively utilized in environmental remediation process.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 10.6
Yiran Hu,Chunmei Wang,Xiaomin Dou,Jun Liu
A Co 3 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 p-n heterojunction photocatalyst was fabricated by coupling ZIF-67-derived 3D porous Co/Co 3 O 4 /CN (N-doped carbon) composites with crystalline g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) towards tylosin (TYL) degradation. The catalyst was synthesized via a carbonization-oxidation strategy, which retained the dodecahedral framework of ZIF-67 and simultaneously formed intimate interfacial contact with g-C 3 N 4 , thereby facilitating efficient interfacial charge transfer. The constructed p-n heterojunction generated an internal electric field that promoted migration of photogenerated electrons and holes and suppressed charge recombination, thereby improving photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of metallic Co induced the generation of energetic hot electrons and hot holes under visible light, accelerating PMS activation and enhancing the Co(II)/Co(III) redox cycle. The synergistic interaction between photogenerated charge carriers and LSPR-induced hot carriers significantly promoted PMS activation, driving the generation of primary reactive oxygen species (·O 2 - and 1 O 2 ) and achieving 95.4% TYL degradation within 16 min. Toxicity and molecular docking analyses confirmed reduced antibacterial activity of degradation products. This study highlights the dual contributions of heterojunction-driven charge separation and LSPR-induced generation of hot carrier with subsequent interfacial transfer in achieving efficient, sustainable antibiotic degradation.
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高影响因子
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 5.2
Muhammad Ali Hamza Shahbaz,Madaminov Sanjarbek Maxmudjon ugli,Hamid Nasir,Maryam Al Huwayz,Muneerah Alomar,Amir Muhammad Afzal,Sohail Mumtaz,Abhinav Kumar
Dysprosium cobalt oxide (DCO)-graphitic carbon nitride (gCN)-MXene hybrid nanocomposites were synthesized with a simple hydrothermal technique for advanced energy storage and catalysis devices. The result of XRD, SEM, and XPS analyses validated that it exhibited high crystallinity, uniform morphology, and a significant amount of surface functionalities. The electrochemical testing was conducted, and the specific capacity (Qs) is estimated to be 1865.9C g −1 at 3 mV s −1 , while the hybrid supercapacitor has a Qs of 280.04C g −1 , energy density (Ed) of 45 Wh kg −1 , and power density (Pd) of 2836 W kg −1 . Furthermore, the composite showed a remarkable electrocatalytic activity with an overpotential of 69 mV and the Tafel slope of 64 mV dec −1 , which indicates that it has good charge transfer property. The findings prove that DCO@MXene@gCN is an electroactive material with multifunctional properties suitable for novel and advanced energy systems. Download: Download high-res image (176KB) Download: Download full-size image
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2026
·
IF 7.9
Zidie Yin,Xuandi Wang,Jianing Kang,Yue Liu,He Guo,Guodong Zhang,Qiuling Ma,Jian Zhou,Tiecheng Wang
Advanced oxidation processes using persulfate (PS) have proven effective in degrading organic pollutants in water. The key to these processes is the development of catalysts that efficiently activate PS. Single-atom catalysts (SACs), where individual metal atoms are dispersed on a solid support, offer superior catalytic activity compared to traditional metal catalysts and hold great promise. In this study, we synthesized a tungsten-based SAC (W-SA-g-C 3 N 4 ) by anchoring tungsten onto graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) for sulfadiazine (SDZ) degradation in water. The results showed that single-atom tungsten was mainly incorporated into the g-C 3 N 4 in the W 6 + state, which created more active sites for PS activation and enhanced electron migration. More than 92.3% of SDZ was decomposed within 60 min in the W-SA-g-C 3 N 4 /PS system, and appropriate catalyst dosage and solution pH favored SDZ decomposition processes. The presence of Cl − , SO 4 2− , and NO 3 − had slight impacts on SDZ degradation efficiency, and over 85% of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and oxytetracycline could also be removed in the W-SA-g-C 3 N 4 /PS system. Radical scavenger and EPR experiments identified 1 O 2 and •O 2 − as key species in SDZ degradation. The SDZ degradation processes mainly involved the fragmentation of the benzene ring and associated clusters. Additionally, the catalyst exhibited excellent stability and recyclability. Download: Download high-res image (344KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Junnan Yang,Xinghui Zhang,Yihan Li,Jinzhi Luo,Feng Li,Yao Xu
In this study, a visible light-responsive CdMoO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully prepared by hydrothermal synthesis for the efficient degradation of metronidazole pollutants in aquaculture wastewater. Systematic spectroscopic and electrochemical characterization of materials was performed by XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, XPS, UV–vis DRS and electrochemical measurements. The results showed that the optimized CMCN4 composites (CdMoO 4 : g-C 3 N 4 mass ratio = 0.4:1) exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, achieving over 90% MTZ degradation rate in 5 h, with a total organic carbon removal rate of 62%. This efficient degradation performance was mainly due to the Z-scheme-like mechanism of the heterojunction, which significantly facilitated the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. XRD, SEM, and XPS analyses further revealed the tight interfacial contact formed between the CdMoO 4 nanorods and g-C 3 N 4 , while free radical trapping experiments confirmed that hydroxyl radicals were the main active species in the degradation process. In addition, the catalyst still maintained stable structure and catalytic activity after six cycles, showing good practical application potential and providing a feasible solution for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.
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