ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
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2026
·Vol. 28
·期 8
·e70398
·
IF 4
Yanning Tian,Lin Lai,Wenpei Wang,Yinhao Ma,Xing Huang
Ester‐containing pesticides, such as diphenyl ether herbicides, aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides, and strobilurin fungicides, are widely applied in agriculture, but their residues pose significant risks to ecosystems. Functional microorganisms can degrade ester‐containing pesticides in the natural environment. However, the microbial mechanisms responsible for their degradation in soils remain unclear. A novel hydrolase gene triS from the strain S113 encoded a broadly active carboxylesterase that hydrolyzes a wide range of ester‐containing pesticides. TriS exhibited a maximum sequence similarity of 34.92% to proteins in the Swiss‐Prot (UniProt) database. Gene redundancy was observed in strain S113, with TriS showing higher catalytic activity than its homologues. The enzyme contains a conserved Ser226‐Glu346‐His456 catalytic triad, and its substrate‐binding pocket can accommodate complex substrates, which contributes to its broad substrate spectrum and enhanced catalytic efficiency. Genomic analyses revealed that triS resides in a conserved locus, whereas related paralogs occupy more variable regions, suggesting potential horizontal dissemination. Bioinformatics‐based taxonomic profiling showed widespread occurrence of TriS homologues, mainly in agricultural soils, and also in forests and wetlands, indicating spread beyond pesticide‐treated fields. This study elucidated the function and distribution pattern of triS , enhancing our understanding of microbial ester‐containing pesticide degradation in the environment. A novel carboxylesterase, TriS, from strain Hansschlegelia zhihuaiae S113 degrades a wide range of ester‐bonded pesticides. Its structural features and widespread presence in both farmlands and natural areas help explain how microbial communities adapt to chemical stress and maintain key detoxification functions in the environment.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2026
·
IF 4
Huiru Xu,Yuqing Zong,Kehan Yin,Rimao Hua,Xiangwei Wu,Jiaying Xue
Water resources are increasingly contaminated by industrial and agricultural pollutants, with pesticide residues posing a persistent challenge. Most existing methods were designed for a single purpose of either measuring or eliminating water pollutants, while integrated strategies containing both functions remain scarce. Here we reported a novel semi-automatic silicone rubber (SR) based multi-vial microextraction technique for the simultaneous determination and removal of fifteen pesticides from aqueous matrices. An integrated adsorption-desorption platform enabled effective in-situ extraction of the target pesticides via hydrophobic effects. Key parameters including ultrasonication extraction for 45 min and two sequential 5-min desorption with 5 mL of hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) were employed. The quantitative analysis was validated in real waters of the Nanfei River, Chao Lake, and tap water with good recoveries (72.8–112.6 %) and relative standard deviations (0.1–7.5 %), superior limits of detection (0.0020–0.20 μg/L) and quantification (0.006 to 0.50 µg/L), and free matrix effects (87.5–102.1 %) by gas chromatography equipped with electron capture detector. Focusing on its selectivity and recyclability, the proposed approach was further applied to purifying green tea and chrysanthmum tea infusions, achieving over 90 % removal efficiency for most pesticides. These results demonstrated that the semi-automatic SR-based multi-vial microextraction is a robust and effective method for both quantifying and eliminating target pesticides from waters and tea infusions. The high throughput and low cost encourage its potential for customized commercial application in monitoring and remediating emerging pesticides in environment and food fields.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Bohang Zhou,Qi Zhang,Yiwei Wang,Congwei Zhou,Qingli Song,Le Zhou
Developing agricultural fungicides from natural compounds is a popular trend. In the present study, a series of the derivatives of natural ethyl 3-phenyl-2,3-dibromopropionate were synthesized and investigated for antifungal activity, SAR, and action mode. The results found that the compounds possessed outstanding inhibition activity against nine phytopathogenic fungi at 50 μg/mL. Notably, ethyl 3-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2,3-dibromopropionate (2l) had an in vitro EC50 of 1.78–4.82 μg/mL and 89.7% control efficacy against A. solani on tomato fruits at 300 μg/mL and on the ninth day, it was comparable to azoxystrobin. Meanwhile, 2l did not affect the germination rate of plant seeds at 200 μg/mL. The research on the action mode revealed that 2l disrupted mycelial morphology and cellular ultrastructure, increased the ROS level, and altered MMP and membrane permeability. Additionally, the SAR was deduced and explained via LUMO/HOMO/MEP analyses. The results make these derivatives promising leads for novel agricultural fungicides.
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AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 4.5
Yan Wang,Kepin Ni,Zhenyan Zhang,Nuohan Xu,Chaotang Lei,Bingfeng Chen,Qi Zhang,Liwei Sun,Yiling Chen,Tao Lu,Haifeng Qian
The emergence and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) pose health risks to the ecosystem and humans. Understanding how non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents drive the expression of ARGs and VFs in freshwater ecosystems, however, remains large challenges. Here, we employed freshwater microcosms and performed metatranscriptomic analysis to investigate the expression profiles of ARGs and VFs in response to pollutants of non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and azoxystrobin. Results showed that AgNPs significantly inhibited the total expression of ARGs and VFs and decreased the number of pathogenic microorganisms expressing these genes. Azoxystrobin increased the total expression of ARGs and VFs, as well as the number of pathogens expressing VFs, but concomitantly reduced the number of pathogens expressing ARGs. Two tested pollutants dramatically changed the expression profiles of ARGs and VFs, with distinct patterns: AgNPs displayed a negative effect, while azoxystrobin showed a positive effect on their expression profiles. Our findings provided a systematical insight to demonstrate that non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents with different mechanisms of action showed various effects on ARGs and VFs, and therefore represented different ecological risks.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Xuanjun Guo,Ruihua Zhang,Qian Jin,Niannian Cao,Jingjing Shi,Xingxing Zong,Xuejun Chen,Chen Wang,Xuefeng Li,Sen Pang,Liqin Li
Azoxystrobin, a strobilurin widely used to control rice diseases, has raised concerns about possible adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. At present, very little is known about the effects of azoxystrobin on courtship and aggressive behavior and the potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, after exposing adult male and female zebrafish to worst-case scenario concentrations of azoxystrobin (0, 2 μg/L, 20 μg/L, and 200 μg/L) for 42 d, we observed a decrease in courtship behavior and an increase in aggressive behavior in both male and female zebrafish. In addition, to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the behavioral effects of azoxystrobin, we quantified the changes in the concentrations of kisspeptin, 5-HT, GnIH, and their corresponding receptor mRNA expression in the brain. The results showed that 200 μg/L azoxystrobin decreased the concentrations of kisspeptin and increased the concentration of GnIH in both male and female zebrafish brain. In addition, azoxystrobin also significantly reduced 5-HT concentration in female zebrafish brain. Further investigation revealed that altered courtship and aggressive behavior were associated with the expression levels of genes (kiss1, kiss2, gnrh3, gnrhr3, 5ht1a, and 5ht2a) involved in kisspeptin-GnIH signaling pathway. In conclusion, our study suggested that azoxystrobin may impair courtship and aggressive behavior in zebrafish by interfering with the kisspeptin-GnIH signaling pathway, which may have more profound effects on natural zebrafish populations.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2023
·
IF 6.8
Xuanjun Guo,Ruihua Zhang,Changsheng Li,Manman Duan,Niannian Cao,Qian Jin,Xuejun Chen,Liqin Li,Xuefeng Li,Sen Pang
A widely applied pesticide of azoxystrobin, is increasingly detected in the water environment. Concern has been raised against its potential detriment to aquatic ecosystems. It has been shown that exposure to azoxystrobin interfere with the locomotor behavior of zebrafish larvae. This study aims to investigate whether exposure to environmental levels of azoxystrobin (2 μg/L, 20 μg/L, and 200 μg/L) changes the behavior of male adult zebrafish. Herein, we evaluated behavioral response (locomotor, anxiety-like, and exploratory behaviors), histopathology, biochemical indicators, and gene expression in male adult zebrafish upon azoxystrobin exposure. The study showed that exposure to azoxystrobin for 42 days remarkably increased the locomotor ability of male zebrafish, resulted in anxiety-like behavior, and inhibited exploratory behavior. After treatment with 200 μg/L azoxystrobin, vasodilatation, and congestion were observed in male zebrafish brains. Exposure to 200 μg/L azoxystrobin notably elevated ROS level, MDA concentration, CAT activity, and AChE activity, while inhibiting SOD activity, GPx activity, ACh concentration, and DA concentration in male zebrafish brains. Moreover, the expression levels of genes related to the antioxidant, cholinergic, and dopaminergic systems were significantly changed. This suggests that azoxystrobin may interfere with the homeostasis of neurotransmitters by causing oxidative stress in male zebrafish brains, thus affecting the behavioral response of male zebrafish.
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Yuanhao Zhou,Jiawen Ai,Lingli Cai,Yiyong Yan,BingZhi Wang,Hongzhen Ma,Quan Yu,Jianhua Zhou,Xinming Huo
Excessive pesticide use poses a significant threat to food safety. Rapid on-site detection of multi-target pesticide residues in vegetables is crucial due to their widespread distribution and limited shelf life. In this study, a rapid on-site screening method for pesticide residues on vegetable surfaces was developed by employing a miniature mass spectrometer . A direct pretreatment method involves placing vegetables and elution solution into a customized flexible ziplock bag, allowing thorough mixing, washing, and filtration. This process effectively removes pesticide residues from vegetable surfaces with minimal organic solvent usage and can be completed within 2 min. Moreover, this study introduced a deep learning algorithm based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network, coupled with a feature database, to autonomously discriminate detection outcomes. By combining full scan MS and tandem MS analysis methods, the proposed method achieved a qualitative recognition accuracy of 99.62%. Following the qualitative discrimination stage, the target pesticide residue and internal standard can be simultaneously isolated and fragmented in the ion trap, thus enabling on-site quantitative analysis and warning. This method achieved a quantitative detection limit of 10 μg/kg for carbendazim in cowpea. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed analytical system and strategy in food safety applications.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Yexuan Hu,Tongqing Liu,Shuanglei Wang,Meijin Lv,Yongxin She,Bin Cao,Ziping Zhang,Xiaolin Cao
In this study, the novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were successfully synthesized by surface imprinting technique and used as magnetic adsorbent for extracting six strobilurin fungicides from agricultural products. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers showed the typical core-shell structure with high maximum adsorption capacity (42.7 mg/g) and rapid adsorption equilibration (3 min) and specific recognition ability. The parameters (elution solvent, elution time, adsorption time, loading solvent and solution pH) in magnetic solid phase extraction were evaluated. Under the optimum adsorption and desorption condition, the magnetic solid phase extraction process based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for the sensitive detection of strobilurin fungicides from agricultural products. The developed method presented good linearity (5–200 ng/mL) with correlation coefficients (R 2 ) ≥ 0.9990. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.03–0.49 ng/g and 0.09–1.64 ng/g, respectively. At the three different concentration (20, 50, 100 ng/g) spiked in agricultural products, the good recovery (71.5%−115.8%) was obtained and the relative standard deviations were below 8.3%. These results indicated that this established method was sensitive, accurate, selective and reproducible.
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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 46
·期 2
·2200661
·
IF 3.614
Wenhui Li,Ying Gu,Zikun Liu,Rimao Hua,Xiangwei Wu,Jiaying Xue
A novel solid-phase microextraction device coated with an efficient and cheap thin film of polyurethane was developed for trace determination of 13 widely used pesticides in fruit and tea beverages. A round-shaped polyurethane film covering the bottom of a glass vial was fabricated as the sorbent to exhibit a superior capacity for preconcentrating target compounds and reducing matrix interferences. After optimization of the key parameters including the film type, extraction time, solution pH, ionic strength, desorption solvent, and conditions, this device allowed an efficient adsorption-desorption cycle for the pesticides accomplished in one vial. Coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection, the polyurethane-coated thin film microextraction method was successfully established and applied for the analysis of real fruit and tea drinks, showing low limits of detection (0.001–0.015 μg/L), wide linear ranges (1.0–500.0 μg/L, r 2 > 0.9931), good relative recoveries (77.2%–106.3%) and negligible matrix effects (86.1%–107.5%) for the target pesticides. The proposed approach revealed strong potential of extending its application by flexibly modifying the type or size of the coating film. This study provides insights into the enrichment of contaminants from complex samples using inexpensive and reusable microextraction devices that can limit the environmental and health impact of the sample preparation protocol.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 5.895
Biao Wang,Bo He,Tianyu Chen,Hao Li,Liyifan Chen,Yiliang Chen,Kailin Tian,Kun Yang,Danyu Shen,Wei Yan,Yonghao Ye
The fermentation of endophytic Nigrospora chinensis GGY-3 resulted in the isolation of tropolone stipitaldehyde (1), which exhibited broad-spectrum inhibition activity against fungi and bacteria, especially against Phytophthora capsici, with an EC50 value of 0.83 μg/mL and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 4.0 μg/mL. The in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that 1 had a significant protective effect on P. capsici. Furthermore, 1 inhibited the spore germination of P. capsici and damaged the plasma membrane structure. As observed by SEM and TEM, after exposure to 1, mycelia exhibited swelling, shrunken, branch-increasing phenomena, cell wall and membrane damage, and disordered content. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 1 might affect starch and sucrose metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis by suppressing the expression of genes relevant to cell wall synthetases and cell membrane-associated genes. These findings indicate that 1 may be a potential agrochemical fungicide for controlling phytophthora blight.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Beibei Zhao,Xinfang Liu,Zheng Cheng,Xu Liu,Xiaoyu Zhang,Xun Feng
Pymetrozine (PYM) is an effective pyridine insecticide for controlling aphids, while its residues pose a serious threat to human health. Herein, a europium complex (Eu-DBPA, DBPA represents deprotonated 2,5-dibromoterephthalic acid ligand) probe was prepared for the detection of PYM via fluorescence quenching . The detection process has the advantages of short response time (2 min), wide linear range (0–4 and 4–45 mg/kg) and low detection limit (2.2 μg/kg). Furthermore, a portable detection platform was designed by integrating Eu-DBPA-based paper strip with smartphone and applied for the visual detection of PYM in real cucumber, tomato, cabbage and apple samples, obtaining satisfactory recovery (99.00 %–107.00 %) and low standard deviation (RSD < 3.4 %). In addition, a logic gate device was designed to simplify the detection process. The smartphone-integrated paper-based probe detection platform provides a new strategy for intelligent and online identification of hazards in environmental and biological samples.
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Journal of Fungi
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·622
·
IF 4.2
Yongqing Yang,Yong Wang,Jing Gao,Zhidan Shi,Wenjin Chen,Haiyan Huangfu,Zhengnan Li,Yan Liu
Fusarium crown and root rot (FCRR), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), is an economically important disease that affects tomatoes worldwide and has become more prevalent in China in recent years. In 2021 and 2022, tomato plants in greenhouses in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, were observed showing symptoms of stunting, premature loss of lower leaves, and root rot. Fungal pathogens were isolated from 20 infected tomato plants and identified based on morphological observation and DNA sequencing. Twelve isolates were consistently identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis - lycopersici (FORL) via an analysis of the ITS , TEF- 1α , and pgx4 genes. This is the first report of FORL in Inner Mongolia, China. The isolates were examined for their pathogenicity by inoculating them on tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, and chickpeas. The fungicide sensitivity of the isolates was determined. Effective concentrations for 50% growth inhibition (EC 50 ) were measured using seven fungicides. The EC 50 values of tebuconazole and prochloraz were <1.0 μg·mL −1 , exhibiting the most effective inhibition among the fungicides tested. Additionally, FORL resistance screening of tomato germplasms was performed. One tomato variety was resistant to FORL, and the remaining 43 germplasm lines showed various levels of resistance. The rates of highly susceptible, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and moderately resistant germplasms accounted for 29.55%, 22.73%, 40.91%, and 4.55% of the 44 germplasms tested, respectively.
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