FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Hongsheng Yu,Suhang Chen,Xiaodong Yu,Wei Zhang,Christian Paravan,Luigi T. DeLuca,Ruiqi Shen
The slow regression rate induced by the difficulty of pyrolysis has limited the practical application of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based fuels for hybrid rocket propulsion. A possible strategy is the use of suitable transition metal elements promoting polymer matrix thermal decomposition of fuels. This paper investigates the effects of nickel acetylacetonate, Ni(acac) 2 , on the thermal stability and combustion of HTPB-based fuel formulations. The presented experimental results show that the addition of Ni(acac) 2 can intensely decrease the thermal stability of HTPB thus enhancing the solid fuel regression rate even at a small additive mass fraction: under an oxygen mass flux of 50 kg/m 2 s, HTPB + 5 wt% Ni(acac) 2 shows a 25.5% increase over the non-loaded baseline. Kinetics analyses reveal that the catalytic effect is mainly induced by the Ni 2+ in Ni(acac) 2 at the early stage of decomposition, and by the NiO produced from the oxidative decomposition of Ni(acac) 2 in the fuel final degradation stage. On the other hand, the addition of Ni(acac) 2 decreases the combustion heat of HTPB-based fuels significantly and implies the accumulation of its decomposition products (much metal Ni, moderate elemental C, and a little NiO.) at the fuel regressing surface. Eventually, when the content of Ni(acac) 2 exceeds 5 wt%, the growth of regression rate slows down rapidly, and a performance detriment occurs at 40 wt%. This study verifies the catalytic effect of Ni(acac) 2 on polymer matrix for HTPB based fuels showing the attractive regression rate performance of this additive.
研究领域:
推进剂化学
·
燃烧学
·
高分子材料科学
·
航天动力工程
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Defence Technology
·
2021
·Vol. 18
·期 10
·1852-1862
·
IF 3.172
Fa-yang Guan,Hui Ren,Wan-jun Zhao,Xin-zhou Wu,Qing-jie Jiao
To improve the thermal properties of aluminum (Al) in the energetic system, a coated structure with ammonium perchlorate (AP) was prepared by a facile approach. And N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) was chosen as an ideal solvent based on heterogeneous nucleation theory and molecular dynamics simulation. This coated structure could enlarge the contact area and improve the reaction environment to enhance the thermal properties. The addition of AP could accelerate oxidation temperature of Al with around 17.5 °C. And the heat release of 85@15 composition rises to 26.13 kJ/g and the reaction degree is 97.6% with higher peak pressure (254.6 kPa) and rise rate (1.397 MPa/s). An ideal ratio with 15 wt% AP was probed primarily. The high energy laser-induced shockwave experiment was utilized to simulate the reaction behavior in hot field. And the larger activated mixture of coated powder could release more energy to promote the growth of shockwave with higher speed up to 518.7 ± 55.9 m/s. In conclusion, 85@15 composition is expected to be applied in energetic system as a novel metal fuel.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
·
热力学
·
纳米材料
·
燃烧学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2017
·
IF 4.636
Nianjun Hou,Ping Li,Tianmu Lv,Tongtong Yao,Xueli Yao,Tian Gan,Lijun Fan,Pengzhi Mao,Yicheng Zhao,Yongdan Li
Sm 0.5 Ba 0.5 MnO 3-δ (SBMO) has been synthesized with the Pechini method and investigated as an anode material of solid oxide fuel cells with H 2 and methanol as fuels. A cubic perovskite structure is formed after reduction. The reduction process of SBMO is studied with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature programmed reduction techniques. The electrical conductivities of an SBMO sample sintered at 950 °C are 1.15 and 0.10 S cm −1 at 850 °C in air and H 2 , respectively. A single cell with an SBMO anode layer and a 300-μm La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Ga 0.8 Mg 0.2 O 3-δ electrolyte layer exhibits a maximum power density ( P max ) of about 150 mW cm −2 at 850 °C with H 2 as fuel. The electrical conductivity of the anode layer with methanol as fuel is improved by the moderate carbon deposition, and the P max increases to about 415 mW cm −2 . The cell fed with methanol also shows a promising stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
·
电化学
·
无机非金属材料
·
燃料电池技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 6.578
Xiaoxiao Zhang,Qingting Liu,Lei Xia,Dongyang Huang,Xudong Fu,Rong Zhang,Shengfei Hu,Feng Zhao,Xiao Li,Xujin Bao
To broaden the operating temperature range of phosphoric acid (PA) doped polybenzimidazole membrane-based proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) toward low temperatures, a novel series of poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI)/sulfonated sepiolite (S-Sep) composite membranes (ABPBI/S-Sep) with low PA doping levels (DLs) were prepared via in-situ synthesis. The desirably enhanced mechanical, thermal, and oxidative stabilities of ABPBI/S-Sep composite membranes were achieved by constructing ABPBI chains arranged along the sepiolite (Sep) fibers and acid-base crosslinks formed between S-Sep fibrous particles and ABPBI chains. Benefiting from the richness of high temperature stable bound water and the excellent water absorbability of Sep particles that enable the formation of additive proton conducting paths, the composite membranes retained bounded PA and achieved much higher proton conductivities under both anhydrous and hydrous conditions compared to PA-doped ABPBI membranes. Proton conductivity values above 0.01 S/cm at 40–90 °C/20–98% RH conditions and 90–180 °C/anhydrous conditions as well as peak power density of 0.13 and 0.23 W/cm 2 at 80 and 180 °C with 0% RH, respectively from the ABPBI/2S-Sep composite membrane are more holistic compared to Nafion at low temperatures and polybenzimidazole-based membranes at high temperatures, respectively. The excellent properties of ABPBI/S-Sep composite membranes suggest them as prospective candidates for PEMFCs applications in a wide temperature range.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2018
·
IF 4.908
Jianguang Qi,Yufeng Hu,Jiangge Niu,Weiting Ma,Siqi Jiang,Yichuang Wang,Xianming Zhang,Yuehui Jiang
Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE n ) is an emerging biofuel that has a great potential to become one of the competitive alternative fuels for diesel engine. In the present study, systematic studies were made to evaluate the influences of PODE n on the physical fuel properties that are routinely used to define the quality of diesel fuels. Such fuel properties were measured for the three (diesel + PODE n ) mixtures, diesels, and PODE n . The measured properties included cetane number , lubricity, density, viscosity, solidifying point, cold filter plugging point, flash point, and heat capacity. Comparisons of measured properties of the mixtures and their individual components were made to achieve the following purposes: First, to reveal the changes in the properties of diesels upon the addition of PODE n and in the properties of the (diesel + PODE n ) mixtures as the weight percent of PODE n is increased; Second, to see whether or not the addition of PODE n worsens the properties of diesels, in particular, whether or not the measured values of the (diesel + PODE n ) mixtures exceed the standard values set by the Beijing-VI. Novel theoretical equations were developed to quantitatively predict the density, viscosity, and heat capacity of the (diesel + PODE n ) mixtures in terms of the corresponding properties of the diesel and PODE n . Comparisons were made between measured and predicted properties and the agreements are excellent.
研究领域:
能源化学
·
燃料工程
·
环境科学
·
可再生能源
·
燃烧学
·
生物燃料
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Muhammad Yousaf,Yuzheng Lu,Majid Niaz Akhtar,Ali Sarosh Khawaja,Khalid Mujasam Batoo,Sajjad Hussain,Asma Noor,Muhammad Akbar,Hu Enyi,M.A.K Yousaf Shah,Naveed Mushtaq,Bin Zhu
Lattice defects in rare earth (RE) doped single-phase semiconductor materials play a key role in structural modifications and physicochemical characteristics, resulting to enhance the ionic conductivity. In this work, we synthesized lanthanum doped samarium oxide with different mole ratios and applied it as a ceramics membrane fuel cell device to enable high peak power density (PPD) at low operational temperatures (520–400 °C). The samples are capable of triple charge H + /O 2− /e − conduction and enhance the catalytic function of the cell in terms of HOR and ORR kinetics by producing lattice defects. The fabricated Sm 1.5 La 1.5 Fe 5 O 12 (2-SLFO) fuel cell device exhibits a high OCV of 1.13 V with a maximum PPD of 864.26 mW/cm 2 at 520 °C. Durability measurement verifies that 2-SLFO-based fuel cell device can be worked for 60 h under fuel cell conditions (H 2 /air) at 520 °C. The first principle calculations using density functional theory (DFT) demonstrate that the higher oxygen vacancy concentration in the 2-SLFO sample may cause to the higher charge-transfer kinetics, subsequent in the enhancement of ions transportation of the fabricated fuel cell device.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
固态离子学
·
燃料电池技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2022
·Vol. 17
·期 4
·e2769
·
IF 1.777
Hao Qiu,Shanshan Jiang,Yingjie Niu,Qi Zhang,Yingping Pang,Chao Su
The electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) is highly reliant upon the properties of cathodes, including crystal structure, electrical conductivity, electrode thickness, and so on. Here, Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3-δ (BSCF) is synthesized and served as the electrode for enabling high-performance SOFCs. The effect of electrode thickness on the electrocatalytic activity is systematically investigated. The electrode thickness is adjusted in two ways. One is spray-coating and then calcining once, and the other is performing the above process twice. On the basis of symmetrical cells configuration, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of BSCF electrode with different thickness is evaluated and analyzed by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique and distribution of relaxation time (DRT). The obtained area-specific resistances (ASRs) of electrodes on the oxygen ion conducting electrolyte Sm 0.2 Ce 0.9 O 1.90 (SDC) demonstrate the thickness-dependent electrochemical activity in ORR of BSCF electrode. With an electrode thickness of 24 μm that controlled by conducting “spray-coating and calcining” twice, the BSCF electrode displays the optimal electrochemical performance with an ASR of 0.072 Ω cm 2 in ambient air at 600°C. This strategy has allowed us to produce an electrode layer with optimal thickness, paving a new path for the design of high-performance SOFCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
固体离子学
·
燃料电池技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Xuefeng Liu,Shijie You,Nanqi Ren,Hao Zhou,Jinna Zhang
This study reports the development of complete solar-driven dual-photoelectrode fuel cell (PFC) based on WO 3 photoanode and Cu 2 O photocathode with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) serving as cathodic electron acceptor . As indicated by photoelectrochemical measurements, the PMS was able to improve thermodynamic properties of photocathode, achieving an increased open circuit potential from 0.42 V to 0.65 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). Under simulated sunlight irradiation (~100 mW cm −2 ), the maximum power density of 0.12 mW cm −2 could be obtained at current density of 0.34 mA cm −2 , which was 8.57 times of that produced by PFC without PMS (0.014 mW cm −2 ). Correspondingly, adding PMS (1.0 mM) increased overall removal efficiency of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) from 39.8% to 96.8%, accounting for the first-order kinetic constant ( k =0.056 min −1 ) being 6.67 times of that in the absence of PMS ( k =0.0084 min −1 ). Radical quenching and electron spin-resonance (ESR) results suggested the contribution of free radicals (•OH and SO 4 •- ) and non-radical pathway associated with direct activation of PMS by Cu 2 O photocathode. Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the strong non-radical interaction between Cu 2 O photocathode and PMS, resulting in 4-CP removal via activation of PMS by surface complex on Cu 2 O. The proof-in-concept complete solar-driven dual-photoelectrode fuel cell may offer an effective manner to realize water purification and power generation, making wastewater treatment more economical and more sustainable.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
光催化
·
能源材料
·
电化学
·
水处理技术
·
可持续能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 7.336
Feihong Zhang,Qiaohang Weng,Yanxiang Zhang,Na Ai,San Ping Jiang,Chengzhi Guan,Yanqun Shao,Huihuang Fang,Yu Luo,Kongfa Chen
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are the most efficient energy conversion technology to convert the chemical energy of fuels like hydrogen, natural gas, etc. to electricity. However, one of the limiting factors in the commercial viability of SOFCs technologies is the time-consuming and high-cost multiple cell fabrication processes. Here, we report the development of a facile procedure for the preparation of an electrolyte-supported cell with a Ni-Gd 0.1 Ce 0.9 O 1.95 composite anode and a La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2 Fe 0.8 O 3-δ cathode, and the fabrication procedure of the electrodes decreases from four steps of screen-printing and sintering of conventional cell preparation processes to two steps of screen-printing using a direct assembly approach without the high-temperature sintering steps. The most important observation is the simultaneous formation of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces of both the anode and cathode by in situ passing a current through the directly assembled cells at 800 ℃. The power density of the directly assembled cell reaches 0.41 W cm −2 at a voltage of 0.7 V and 800 ℃, close to 0.46 W cm −2 of the sintered cell. The directly assembled cell shows comparable operational stability to the sintered cell at 800 ℃ for 100 h. This work sheds light on the facile fabrication of electrolyte-supported cells with substantially simplified preparation procedures and reduced costs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
·
电化学
·
燃料电池技术
·
无机功能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2016
·
IF 6.333
Xiaowei Kong,Xiaoliang Zhou,Yu Tian,Xiaoyan Wu,Jun Zhang,Wei Zuo
Development of cost-effective and efficient electrochemical catalysts for the fuel cells electrode is of prime importance to emerging renewable energy technologies . Here, we report for the first time the novel La 0.9 Ca 0.1 Fe 0.9 Nb 0.1 O 3−δ (LCFNb) perovskite with good potentiality for the electrode material of the symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells (SSOFC). The Sc 0.2 Zr 0.8 O 2−δ (SSZ) electrolyte supported symmetrical cells with impregnated LCFNb and LCFNb/SDC (Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2−δ ) electrodes achieve relatively high power outputs with maximum power densities (MPDs) reaching up to 392 and 528.6 mW cm −2 at 850 °C in dry H 2 , respectively, indicating the excellent electro-catalytic activity of LCFNb towards both hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction. Besides, the MPDs of the symmetrical cells with LCFNb/SDC composite electrodes in CO and syngas (CO: H 2 = 1:1) are almost identical to those in H 2 , implying that LCFNb material has similar catalytic activities to carbon monoxide compared with hydrogen. High durability in both H 2 , CO and syngas during the short term stability tests for 50 h are also obtained, showing desirable structure stability, and carbon deposition resistance of LCFNb based electrodes. The present results indicate that the LCFNb perovskite with remarkable cell performance is a promising electrode material for symmetrical SOFCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
燃料电池
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 78
·41398-41410
·
IF 3.708
Xiuhua Li,Jinxiong Tao,Guanghui Nie,Liuchan Wang,Liuhong Li,Shijun Liao
A series of cross-linked multiblock copoly(arylene ether sulfone) ionomer/nano-ZrO2 (CLQCPAES/nano-ZrO2) composite anion exchange membranes were prepared via block copolymerization, bromomethylation, ultrasonication blending, self-crosslinking, quaternization and alkalization. The structure, and the surface and cross section morphology of the CLQCPAES/nano-ZrO2 composite membranes were characterized by solubility tests, FT-IR, XRD and SEM analyses. The combination of the determined results revealed that the CLQCPAES/nano-ZrO2 composite membranes are a complex cross-linking networks of hydrophobic domains/hydrophilic domains/nano-ZrO2 with a clear zonal distribution of uniform nano-sized particles in the hydrophilic domains, when the nano-filler loading was below 7.5%. Basic performances of the CLQCPAES/nano-ZrO2 composite membranes were assessed to investigate their application in fuel cells in terms of the water uptake, swelling ratio, ion exchange capacity (IEC), hydroxide conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties, and alkaline stability. The modification of anion exchange membranes with multiblock ionomer structures, the use of a cross-linking technique and the introduction of nano-ZrO2 particles greatly enhanced the water uptake, hydroxide conductivity, mechanical properties and alkaline stability of the composite membranes. In particular, the CLQCPAES/7.5%ZrO2 membrane with an IEC value of 1.23 mmol g−1 exhibited the best comprehensive properties and constitutes a good potential candidate for an anion exchange membrane to be used in AEMFCs.
研究领域:
高分子材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
膜科学与技术
·
燃料电池
·
纳米复合材料
·
功能高分子
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 60
·48946-48953
·
IF 3.84
Tingting Yu,Lifen Liu,Qiao Yang,Jing Song,Fenglin Yang
Using the flat module membrane electrodes based on polyester filter modified with polyaniline (PANI)–phytic acid (PA), a new type of membrane bio-reactor (MBR) system is developed for both bio-electrochemical electricity generation and effluent filtration. A specifically prepared carbon foam–Fe–Co catalyst was coated on the conductive, filterable cathode membrane which makes it catalytic for enhancing cathodic oxygen reduction reaction and electricity generation. The cell voltage (with carbon foam–Fe–Co, 0.5–0.4 V) is superior to control test 1 (without any catalyst, 0.2 V), moreover, it is even better than control test 2 (with Pt–C catalyst, 0.5–0.3 V). The corresponding maximum power density of carbon foam–Fe–Co is 38.5 and 2.4 times higher than control test 1 and 2, respectively. More importantly, the base electrode materials and catalyst were both low-cost. The overall removal efficiency of COD and NH4+–N are satisfactory, at 95% ± 2.5% and 85% ± 2.5%, respectively. This integrated system is easy to scale up for practical application in waste-water treatment and offers a better option in operating and coupling MBR with bio-electricity generation.
研究领域:
环境工程
·
环境微生物学
·
电化学工程
·
水处理技术
·
生物电化学系统
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）