CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2017
·Vol. 25
·期 10
·1435-1441
·
IF 1.174
Zhirong Chen,Weitao Yang,Hong Yin,Shenfeng Yuan
The uncatalyzed reaction of p -tolyl isocyanate ( p -TI) with water in N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The reactions were carried out at different temperatures from 293 K to 323 K, using various molar ratios of water to p -TI. DMF, as a special amide , was proved to be an efficient catalyst for water–isocyanate reaction. Under the reaction conditions in this study, substituted urea was the only final product observed. An appreciable amount of intermediate p -toluidine was detected. Concentrations of the isocyanate group as well as the amine and urea were determined as a function of time. New kinetic equations were deduced for each of the substance on the basis of a multistep mechanism, instead of a simple second order reaction as usual. Kinetic constants were calculated using the software MATLAB . Furthermore, the effects of temperature and concentrations of reactants on the reaction rate and amine content were discussed. The activation energy of each step was also determined.
研究领域:
物理化学
·
有机化学
·
反应动力学
·
高分子化学
·
催化化学
·
分析化学
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CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2013
·Vol. 15
·期 32
·6368-6373
·
IF 3.879
Shuling Xu,Lei Wang,Haibo Li,Qiaoli Yue,Rui Li,Jifeng Liu,Xiaohong Gu,Shuqiu Zhang
Novel three-dimensional Ag nanoflowers (3DAN) were successfully synthesized through a facile Cu2+ mediated solution method using N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), which serves as both a reducing agent and a solvent at room temperature. It was found that the introduction of a trace amount of Cu2+ could greatly slow the rate of the Ag+ reaction and thus this process effectively reduced the growth speed of Ag nanoparticles allowing 3DAN to be formed. The mechanism underlying the self-assembly process and shape evolution of 3DAN were systematically investigated by varying reaction time. X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the obtained products. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to assess the chemical state and surface composition of the 3DAN. UV-vis absorption spectra of the products collected from the reaction solution at various stages were taken to study their optical properties. In the measurement of surface-enhanced Raman scattering using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as the probe, the 3DAN exhibited a significant enhancement factor, indicating their potential applications in biosensing and nanodevices.
研究领域:
纳米医学
·
生物传感
·
材料科学
·
胶体化学
·
分子影像学
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Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications
·
2017
·
IF 4.164
Zhijia Zhang,Xiaole Zhao,Yingchun Su,Defeng Xing,Xiaojun Han
We demonstrate that antibacterial agent N , N′ -[(4, 5-dihydroxy-1, 2-phenylene)bis(methylene)]bisacrylamide (OHABA) can be assembled on the surface of vinyl organosilicon nanospheres (VOSNs) by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Chemically cross-linked vinyl organosilicon cores were facilely fabricated by sol-gel method as support, which densely grafted poly-OHABA (POHABA) as shells. Antibacterial assessment test results revealed that POHABA-based core@shell structure displayed high antibacterial performance, long-term stability, and kept broad-spectrum antibacterial effect of against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米医学
·
抗菌材料
·
高分子化学
·
表面功能化
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
·
2026
·
IF 6
Shen Yan,Eric Brendle,Mengyuan Li,Shengyu Zhang,Xiao Dong Chen,Winston Duo Wu
Spray drying and spray freeze drying induce distinct particle structure. • IGC is highly effective in resolving molecular-level surface characteristics. • IGC-ID reveals surface leucine enrichment and elevated dispersive energy. • IGC-FC quantifies hydrophilic site reduction and maps polar surface areas. • Surface energetics serve as a quantitative predictor for wetting and release. The unpredictable wettability of pharmaceutical microparticles, often stemming from complex phase transitions during processing, frequently eludes conventional unidimensional assessments of surface hydrophilicity. In this study, mannitol-leucine microparticles were fabricated via spray drying and spray freeze drying. Their structural properties—including morphology, particle size, and polymorphism—were systematically correlated with surface energetics (dispersive energy, acid–base characteristics, and hydrophilic site distribution) as delineated by inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Increasing leucine content induced pronounced surface wrinkling, sustained crystalline stability, and resulted in larger particle sizes in spray-dried samples. Conversely, spray-freeze-dried particles maintained a relatively uniform morphology but exhibited unstable δ-mannitol polymorphs with enhanced dispersibility. IGC analysis uncovered that leucine enrichment elevated dispersive surface energy, attenuated surface basicity, and diminished the hydrophilic surface area, with these effects being more pronounced in the spray-dried samples. Crucially, both the absolute hydrophilic surface area and the fractional distribution of hydrophilic domains were identified as key determinants modulating particle wettability and release behavior. This study highlights the capacity of IGC to resolve multiparametric surface energetics, thereby advancing the mechanistic understanding of pharmaceutical particle wettability through non-invasive, high-precision characterization. Download: Download high-res image (129KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Joule
·
2026
·
IF 37.1
Haipeng You,Jiahui Chen,Ruhong Li,Long Chen,Ke Wang,Yuxin Qiu,Jiaqing Jiang,Yiting Lin,Menglei Yao,Hongming Yang,Yuhang Li,Zhen Song,Xiulin Fan,Chunzhong Li
Commercial lithium-ion battery electrolytes rely heavily on expensive LiPF 6 , making electrolyte cost a growing concern for battery deployment. Here, machine learning was used to help select dimethylacetamide as the basic solvent for LiNO 3 to yield a low-concentration electrolyte (0.38 M). Remarkably, techno-economic analysis shows that this approach directly reduces the cost of the electrolyte by up to 37.1%. The electrolyte delivered a 4.65-V electrochemical window, an ionic conductivity of 3.34 × 10 −3 S cm −1 , and stable operation from −40°C to 50°C. Its Li 3 N/LiF-rich and inorganic-organic hybrid interphases enabled stable cycling of NMC811, graphite, and lithium-metal electrodes. A 1-Ah NMC811||graphite pouch cell retained 91.3% capacity after 500 cycles. As validated here, dilute electrolytes are expected to present an innovative solution for low-cost batteries.
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Virulence
·
2026
·
IF 6.8
Xueer Dou,Na Wang,Shuangshuang Yao,Xinrui Chen,Shasha Li,Jingying Xie,Xiangrong Li,Yanmei Yang,Yanqiao Wen,Adi Idris,Huixia Li,Ruofei Feng
Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infection causes viral encephalitis; however, the mechanisms underlying blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that EMCV actively replicates in mouse brain tissue, induces robust neuroinflammation characterized by elevated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and markedly increases BBB permeability as evidenced by Evans blue and sodium fluorescein extravasation. Importantly, tight junction (TJ) proteins ZO-1 and Occludin are selectively degraded at the post-transcriptional level, whereas Claudin-5 expression remains stable. Consistently, in vitro BBB models confirmed EMCV traversal, reduced transendothelial electrical resistance, and TJ disruption. Mechanistically, EMCV induces biphasic PI3K/AKT modulation and specifically downregulates AKT3. Notably, AKT3 knockdown exacerbates both autophagy and apoptosis, thereby accelerating ZO-1 and Occludin degradation while promoting viral replication. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of autophagy (chloroquine) or apoptosis (Z-VAD-FMK) effectively rescues TJ proteins and reduces viral load. Interestingly, the Caspase-8 inhibitor Z-IETD-FMK provides the most robust protection, implicating the extrinsic apoptotic pathway as the dominant route. Collectively, EMCV sequentially activates non-redundant AKT3-dependent autophagic and apoptotic pathways to degrade TJ proteins, ultimately enabling viral traversal across the compromised BBB and offering therapeutic targets for viral encephalitis.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2026
·Vol. 71
·期 8
·3622-3630
·
IF 2.4
Miao Yufeng,Sun Yanfei,Hou Yanbo,Qiao Yu,Gao Yuan,Luo Jun
Oxalyl dihydrazide (ODH) is a polymorphic organic compound,
and
distinct ODH polymorphs possess disparate physicochemical properties,
including melting point, solubility, and dissolution kinetics. Under
atmospheric pressure, the dynamic method was applied to obtain solid–liquid
phase equilibrium information on α-ODH within the temperature
range of 293.15–353.15 K. Twelve pure solvents were selected
for the tests, namely, water, ethanol, acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO), N -methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N- ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP), N,N- dimethylacetamide
(DMAC), N,N- diethylformamide (DEF), N,N- dimethylformamide (DMF), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), hexamethylphosphoramide
(HMPA), and formamide. Experimental results indicated that the solubility
of α-ODH monotonically increased with the increase in temperature
in all tested solvents. Three thermodynamic models (van’t Hoff
equation, Yaws model, and the modified Apelblat equation) were employed
to correlate the measured solubility data. In addition, the dissolution
thermodynamic properties (Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy)
of α-ODH in the tested solvents were calculated based on the
experimental solubility data and the van’t Hoff equation. Moreover,
Hirshfeld surface analysis was implemented to characterize dominant
intermolecular contacts inside the α-ODH crystal lattice. The
acquired solubility data offers reliable fundamental support for industrial
crystallization optimization of α-ODH.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Congteng Li,Yifan Liu,Xue Tian,Xin Dong,Qichao Ma,Kunyang Liu,Jinliang Zhu,Yuehe Gu,Yudong Li,Chengyu Wang,Haiyue Yang
Room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) hydrogels have garnered extensive attraction owing to their distinctive optical properties, low toxicity and cost-effectiveness. However, achieving efficient and long-lived afterglow emission in hydrogel systems remains a formidable challenge due to the severe quenching of triplet excitons by water molecules. Herein, taking inspiration from stimuli-responsive luminescent behavior of jellyfish, we propose a solvent exchange strategy to construct a cellulose-based RTP gel with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced phosphorescent behavior. Specifically, a cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) double-network hydrogel system was constructed to confine carbon dots (CDs) within a rigid matrix, which preliminarily enabled phosphorescence emission. Driven by phase separation induced by PEG, the resulting gel with ultra-strong hydrogen-bonded networks exhibits green RTP emission with an extended lifetime of 255.55 ms and a tensile strength of 3.79 MPa, representing 370-fold and 17-fold enhancements, respectively, compared to the gel prepared using water as the solvent. Furthermore, the phosphorescent properties of the gel can be tuned by adjusting the molecular weight of PEG. Taking advantage of these properties, the cellulose-based RTP gels were further fabricated into various luminescent materials, which exhibited promising potential for information encryption and advanced anti-counterfeiting applications. A cellulose-based room temperature phosphorescent gel with ultra-strong hydrogen-bonded networks is developed through PEG-induced phase separation. The RTP gel exhibits enhanced phosphorescence lifetime of 255.55 ms and a tensile strength of 3.79 MPa, making it a promising candidate for advanced anti-counterfeiting applications. Download: Download high-res image (245KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Murong Du,Runsong Cheng,Huaiyi Chen,Jingya Cao,Siyuan Pan,Jinlei Yang,Kexin Xu,Wenjing Wang,Peicong Ge,Sichun Zhang,Xinrong Zhang
Single-cell lipid mass cytometry holds immense potential for functional phenotyping but is hindered by low throughput. To address this, we developed a high-throughput platform integrating a flow-focusing ionization source with a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer. This system achieved a maximum throughput of 1064.5 cells/min, representing a 20-fold increase over existing methods such as CyESI-MS (∼38 cells/min) and ILCEI-MS (∼51 cells/min). It enabled the detection and identification of 141 lipids from single cells for precise metabolic phenotyping. When applied to a peripheral blood mononuclear cell assay, the platform successfully analyzed and subtyped complex immune cell populations. Notably, it achieved the rapid, label-free identification of rare dendritic cells with an abundance as low as 1.53% within 3 min. This platform enables efficient screening of rare immune cell subsets based solely on metabolic signatures, establishing a robust foundation for immunology and translational medicine.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Caiping Ding,Yuhan Zhang,Zikang Chen,Wen Li,Shuangshuang Wu,Zixi Qin,Youju Huang
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves multiple interconnected pathologies, including amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, Cu2+ accumulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Single-target therapies show limited efficacy, and most probes lack combined multipathology modulation and real-time imaging─often requiring extensive surface modifications for modest effects. Here, we report a simple five-in-one neuroprotective-guardian near-infrared luminescent carbon dots (NGN-CDs) synthesized via a glutathione-assisted solvothermal method in formamide. NGN-CDs enable simultaneous intervention in AD pathology and real-time monitoring without complex functionalization. Their strong negative surface charge suppresses Aβ aggregation and disaggregates preformed fibrils, reducing plaque deposition. The carboxyl-rich structure allows high-affinity Cu2+ chelation, blocking Cu2+-induced Aβ aggregation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by inhibiting peroxidase-like activity. NGN-CDs also show dose-dependent broad-spectrum antioxidant activity, effectively scavenging ROS and alleviating oxidative stress. They selectively target mitochondria and preserve membrane potential under H2O2 or Aβ-Cu2+ challenge, protecting neuronal organelles. Their intrinsic near-infrared fluorescence at 685 nm enables stable, real-time visualization of AD-related processes. Standing out for its multifunctional synergy, this nanoprobe integrates five key functions─Aβ antiaggregation, Cu2+ detoxification, antioxidant activity, mitochondrial protection, and NIR imaging─into a single platform. This work presents an innovative strategy for synergistic AD intervention and a rational design framework for nanotheranostics in neurodegenerative diseases.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.6
Deqing Wei,Xu Li,Xinyi Deng,Xiaohui Liu,Peng Lu,Feng-Wu Bai,Yong Guo,Feng-Li Zhang,Yanqin Wang
The high-value utilization of wheat straw, which is a major agricultural residue in China, is of significant importance. This study presents a mild and efficient process for the oxidative fractionation of wheat straw using a synergistic alkaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) combined with Fenton-like reagents (OH– + H2O2 + Fe2+). Under mild conditions (90 °C, 1 h), the process achieved 85.78% delignification while retaining 91.76% of the cellulose. Notably, the resulting pulp showed excellent digestibility, yielding 96.12% glucose and xylose with a very low cellulase loading (6 FPU of CTec3), which outperforms most state-of-the-art systems. Comprehensive investigations confirmed the critical role of alkaline DES and the enhancing effect of the Fenton-like reagents. Furthermore, the DES could be recycled ten times with only a minor reduction in fractionation efficiency. This work offers a promising strategy for the mild and sustainable biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass.
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TALANTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Hui-Shuang Li,Na-Na Ran,Hong-Wei Li,Yuqing Wu
Developing robust methods to discriminate methanol from ethanol is critical for industrial safety and quality control. Herein, we report a novel strategy of two-step solvothermal method to synthesize dual-emission carbon dots ( p -PD CDs) from p -phenylenediamine. The p -PD CDs exhibit unique, solvent-dependent fluorescence: in ethanol, they display a dominant blue emission at 445 nm with a weaker red emission at 598 nm; while in methanol, the blue emission is significantly quenched and red-shifted to 465 nm. This distinct solvatochromic response provides a ratiometric luminescent signal ( I 445 /I 598 ) for highly selective methanol detection in ethanol across two linear ranges (1-60 vol% and 60-100 vol%), achieving a detection limit of 0.38 vol%. Comprehensive characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) revealed that the emission differences originate from methanol-caused aggregation of p -PD CDs. This aggregation is driven by weaker hydrophobic interactions and stronger hydrogen bonding compared to ethanol, leading to aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and an accelerated non-radiative decay pathway for the blue emission, as confirmed by time-resolved and transient absorption spectroscopy. The practical utility was successfully demonstrated by accurately quantifying methanol in industrial ethanol and a commercial cleaner with excellent recovery rates (99.5-101.7%), highlighting its significant potential for real-world application.
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