Surfaces and Interfaces
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2026
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IF 6
Jitong Ren,Lei Gu,Zhuoya Chen,Lei Li,Yanyan Guo,Jiang Zhao
Flexible capacitive humidity sensors frequently suffer from active material leaching, weak interfacial adhesion, and complex electrode fabrication processes. To address these challenges, a lithium chloride-enhanced laser-induced graphene (LiCl/LIG) composite electrode on a polyimide (PI) substrate is obtained through a one-step, in-situ laser direct writing approach. The synthesized three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous LIG framework provides abundant anchoring sites that spatially confine the highly hygroscopic LiCl. This architecture effectively mitigates deliquescence-driven leaching while ensuring a highly conductive signal transmission network. Consequently, the optimized sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 35,373.8 % (Δ C / C 0 ) across a broad working range (11–97 % RH). The device also demonstrates rapid response and recovery times (76 s and 110 s, respectively), alongside low hysteresis (5.87 %). The practical utility of the sensor is validated through high-fidelity continuous respiratory monitoring and non-contact spatial sensing applications. Furthermore, the sensor is seamlessly integrated into a portable, fully wireless smart diaper monitoring system capable of real-time moisture alerts, demonstrating substantial promise for scalable wearable electronics and intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) healthcare systems. Download: Download high-res image (430KB) Download: Download full-size image
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Zhipeng Liu,Beizhao Chen,Caihong Liu,Youmei Xu,Weiwen Chen,Chaoqun Zhu,Yufei Shu,Shidong Zheng,Fan Wang,Yunjiao Han,Mengxia Wang,Yihan Xue,Zhongying Wang
Chlorinated antibiotics are persistent halogenated pollutants whose detoxification requires deep dechlorination rather than simple parent-compound removal. Here, we report a structurally engineered, earth-abundant copper electrode (Tre-Cu) that enables rapid and deep electrochemical hydrodechlorination of chlorinated antibiotics. Prepared through a facile sequence of oxidation, in situ complex dissolution, and chloride-assisted electroreduction, Tre-Cu undergoes spontaneous surface reconstruction during operation, evolving into a spindle-shaped, sharp-tipped architecture. This electrode achieved nearly complete florfenicol removal within 20 min and full stoichiometric chloride release within 30 min under ambient air, while maintaining stable performance over 10 cycles and 36 h long-term continuous operation, as well as robust tolerance in environmental water matrices. Mechanistic studies show that dechlorination on Tre-Cu is dominated by direct electron transfer rather than atomic hydrogen-mediated reduction. Time-resolved SEM and XPS reveal that transient CuCl-like surface species drive the formation of the activated tip-rich morphology. Finite element simulations, electrochemical analysis, and DFT calculations further demonstrate that the reconstructed surface strengthens the local electric field, enriches interfacial K + , enhances pollutant adsorption, and lowers the barriers for sequential C-Cl bond cleavage. This work offers a simple strategy to couple surface reconstruction with interfacial microenvironment engineering for deep electrochemical detoxification.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
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IF 29.1
Da-Shuai Huang,Yi Tang,Pei-Qin Liao,Xiao-Ming Chen
Electrochemical CO 2 reduction must move beyond purified CO 2 to use real-world sources like flue gas or captured CO 2 . But such low-concentration feeds pose two problems: residual O 2 poisons the reaction, triggering competing oxygen reduction reaction, cutting carbon efficiency, and degrading the catalyst, while low CO 2 concentration limits mass transfer and conversion. We solve both with a kinetic molecular sieve: polyethylene glycol-coated bismuth nanoparticles (Bi@PEG). Under simulated flue gas (15% CO 2 , 5% O 2 , 80% N 2 ), Bi@PEG demonstrates record-breaking performance for CO 2 electroreduction to formate, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 94.1 ± 0.6%, a current density of 0.91 A·cm −2 , and a single-pass CO 2 conversion of 72.5%, and maintains this performance even at 8% O 2 . Mechanism studies show the PEG layer selectively admits CO 2 (small size, quadrupole moment, strong Lewis acid, base interaction with ether oxygens; binding energy −27.4 kJ mol −1 ; diffusion barrier 0.57 eV), resulting in interfacial CO 2 enrichment. In contrast, O 2 transport is significantly impeded due to a higher diffusion barrier (0.83 eV), weak binding affinity (−3.0 kJ mol −1 ), and steric hindrance. By overcoming the dual challenges of low CO 2 concentration and oxygen interference, this work establishes “armored catalysis” as a universal approach for electrochemical CO 2 conversion using realistic, low-concentration, oxygen-containing carbon sources.
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Nature Water
·
2026
·
IF 30.7
Liu Fu,Hao Fengkun,Sun Mingzi,Wang Helin,Yao Ning,Wang Yunhao,Wang Juan,Chen Peng,Ma Xintao,Zhou Jingwen,Xiong Yuecheng,Ma Yangbo,Wang Guozhi,Guo Liang,Meng Xiang,Shao Mingzheng,Wang Chaohui,Wang Miao,Qian Fangren,Ye Chenliang,Xi Shibo,Huang Bolong,Fan Zhanxi
Phase control of alloy nanomaterials can modulate their atomic/electronic structures towards various electrocatalytic applications. However, the controlled synthesis of high-entropy nanoalloys (HENAs) with unconventional phase remains challenging. Here we report the one-pot synthesis of RhCuNiInSb HENAs with the unconventional 2H phase through regulating the nucleation/growth kinetics. Compared with the face-centred cubic phase counterpart, 2H RhCuNiInSb HENAs exhibit superior electrocatalytic nitrate reduction performance at low nitrate concentration. Ex/in situ studies reveal the accelerated deoxygenation/hydrogenation kinetics and distinct reaction pathway. Theoretical calculations demonstrate the electronic optimizations induced by the face-centred-cubic-to-2H phase transition, where the electronic redistribution and p – d elemental interactions improve the surface electroactivity. When operated in flow cell, 0.5 l of simulated wastewater can be efficiently converted into the value-added ammonia-derived product within 10 h. With a 20-h electrolysis, the NO 3 − -N concentration in real industrial and agricultural wastewater can be both reduced above the World Health Organization standard for drinking water.
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2026
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IF 7.9
Hengxin Liu,Ruohan Li,Yueming Han,Yuntao Guan,Lixun Zhang
Intensive rice cultivation faces the dual challenges of low nitrogen use efficiency and heavy metal pollution risk. In this study, a previously developed magnesium–iron layered double hydroxide-loaded biochar (Mg/Fe-LDH@BC) composite was evaluated in paddy soil to determine its effects on nitrogen retention, heavy metal activity, crop growth and bacterial community organization. With the addition of the 1% Mg/Fe-LDH@BC, NH 4 + −N retention increased by 41.7% while NO 3 - −N accumulation decreased by 9.8%. Meanwhile, NH 3 volatilization decreased by 24.2%, and N 2 O emissions were reduced by over 50%. These changes were accompanied by increased rice biomass and grain dry mass, together with decreased concentrations of multiple geochemically reactive metals. Microbial community analysis showed that this material reshaped the topology of the bacterial co-occurrence network. The 1% Mg/Fe-LDH@BC material formed the most complex network (1446 nodes and 11,063 edges) and shifted key species from slow-growing groups (such as Syntrophus ) to metabolically active groups associated with carbon, iron, and sulfur cycles (e.g., Streptomyces , Pelobacter , and Thiobacillus ). This network exhibited both high connectivity and a highly modular structure, indicating a more interconnected and compartmentalized pattern of microbial associations. Furthermore, the porous structure of BC may create micro-anaerobic niches that support the survival of anaerobic taxa (e.g., Anaerolinea ). Although the LDH can directly immobilize heavy metals through physicochemical mechanisms, sulfur cycle-related bacteria (e.g., Desulfatitalea ) were identified as key species in the network, suggesting that microorganisms may contribute to in situ heavy metal immobilization through sulfide production.
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Chem
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2026
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IF 19.1
Shuxia Liu,Jixian Hu,Jiarui Liu,Zijie Lin,Shuo Wang,Hao Sun,Yinghe Zhao,Qing Li,Tanyuan Wang
Developing a Cu-free electrocatalytic system for CO 2 reduction toward a multi-carbon product remains challenging due to the limited understanding of C–C coupling. Herein, an Ag/Cr 2 O 3 heterostructure is reported to achieve selective ethanol electrosynthesis from CO 2 with anions to modulate the electrocatalytic interfaces. The performance of Ag/Cr 2 O 3 follows the trend of ClO 4 − > NO 3 − > NO 2 − > HCO 3 − /HPO 4 2− /SO 4 2− for different anions, which is similar to the tendency of Hofmeister anions to disrupt water’s structure. Notably, Ag/Cr 2 O 3 exhibits a faradaic efficiency (FE) ethanol of 51.8% with a stable response at ∼160 mA cm −2 in a flow cell containing ClO 4 − . In situ characterizations and theoretical calculations demonstrate that ClO 4 − reduces the number of interfacial hydrogen bonds, thus inhibiting hydrogen evolution. While the Ag-Cr asymmetric sites stabilize the C–C coupling intermediates and favor the ethanol pathway over ethylene, this enables selective ethanol generation. This work extends the approach for multi-carbon generation from CO 2 .
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Nanomaterials
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 16
·996
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IF 4.8
Jitong Ren,Zihan Li,Lei Gu,Weilu Chen,Xinyi Zhou,Yanyan Guo,Jiang Zhao
Flexible capacitive humidity sensors are pivotal for next-generation wearable electronics and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, conventional devices suffer from severe salt leaching and delamination of hygroscopic sensing materials, alongside poor interfacial adhesion and mechanical fragility of metallic electrodes. Herein, an innovative in situ strategy is reported for constructing LiCl-CH3COOK/laser-induced graphene (LIG) composite flexible electrodes via single-step laser direct writing. This approach simultaneously patterns three-dimensional (3D) porous LIG interdigitated networks on polyimide substrates and drives deep infiltration of the LiCl-CH3COOK hygroscopic phase within the graphene pores. The 3D interconnected LIG skeleton not only provides abundant physical anchoring sites and rapid water vapor transport channels but also effectively suppresses the physical loss and leaching of the deliquesced salts through micro-nanoscale spatial confinement, yielding remarkable interfacial stability and cycling lifetime. Benefiting from the synergistic deliquescence of the composite salts, the sensor delivers an exceptional sensitivity of 65,570% (ΔC/C0), moderate response/recovery times of 75/90 s, and ultralow hysteresis of 0.981%. Furthermore, the streamlined laser-scribing route replaces conventional costly microfabrication sequences, enabling low-cost, high-precision customization. Demonstrations in human respiration monitoring and smart agriculture validate the sensor’s superior reliability and practical applicability, establishing a novel pathway for miniaturized, highly integrated, and robust flexible humidity detection systems.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Minghong Dai,Yafang Chen,Peng Wang,Dianming Chu,Zhaoying Li,Wenjuan Bai,Yan He
Coalescence induced by the dynamic evolution of catalysts under catalytic environments has long been a challenge in the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Herein, this study reports a catalyst "hijacking" strategy, which leverages the time-dependent difference during the crystalline-to-amorphous transformation of catalysts to activate the catalytic activity of small-sized crystalline nanoparticles, preventing their coarsening via Ostwald ripening. Simultaneously, the retained nanoparticles exhibit higher density and optimized electronic structures, extending the catalytic lifetime. The successful synthesis of the catalyst relies on the efficient utilization of Mo in open cavities, where the isolated open cavities restrict excessive coalescence of the active components, and the doping of Mo atoms induces the transformation of the active components from amorphous to crystalline. In this structure, the semi-confined space, surface negative charge, and affinity to solvents facilitate the formation of small-sized NPs by isolating and dispersing metal ions. Meanwhile, Fe-Mo bonds significantly prolong the length of CNTs. The combination of Fe and Mo promotes gradual crystallization of NPs, suppresses excessive coalescence of the active components, and optimizes the adsorption energy of C 3 H 6 , thereby extending the catalyst lifetime. Additionally, the bonding between Mo and C atoms favors bulk diffusion of C within Fe NPs, avoiding excessive C deposition inside the NPs and enhancing structural stability. As a result, the CNTs grown with this catalyst exhibit a small tube diameter as low as 5.68 nm and a high ratio (M product /M catalyst ≈14), demonstrating promising application prospects. Download: Download high-res image (212KB) Download: Download full-size image
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2026
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IF 10.6
Qizhou Xue,Jiaqi Feng,Boyang Liu,Yanlin Wang,Aofei Cheng,Chongyang Jiang,Xiaofu Sun,Min Wang,Yinge Bai,Shaojuan Zeng,Xiangping Zhang
Non-metal element doping has emerged as an effective strategy to modulate electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction performance. However, current research predominantly focuses on individual doping configuration (interstitial doping or substitutional doping), and systematic investigations into the effects of different doping types on electrocatalytic activity remain scarce. This limitation significantly hinders the rational design and broader implementation of doping strategies. In this work, we successfully prepared two distinct selenium (Se)-doped bismuth catalysts (interstitial doping and substitutional doping) and systematically investigated the effects of these two doping configurations on the performance of CO2 electroreduction to formate. Detailed experimental and theoretical studies revealed that Se interstitial doping facilitated more efficient electron transfer to the active Bi sites compared to substitutional doping, thereby enhancing the stability of key intermediate *OCHO and lowering the free energy barrier for its formation. Meanwhile, Se interstitial doping more effectively suppressesd the hydrogen evolution reaction. As a result, Se interstitial doping Bi displayed > 90% formate Faradaic efficiency (FE) at an ampere-level current density (0.9 A cm-2 – 1.3 A cm-2) in pH-universal (acidic, pH=1.2; neutral, pH=7; and alkaline, pH=14) electrolytes and a maximum formate FE of 98.1% was achieved in alkaline electrolyte. This work provides new insights into the structure-function relationship of Se doping configurations and offers a rational design strategy for developing highly selective and efficient catalysts for CO2 electroreduction.
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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 2.2
Yang Zhang,Yaqi Wu,Rui Sun,Chenyang Yang,Yaohan Fu,Hua Li,Liang Chen
The efficient separation of CH 4 /N 2 represents a significant bottleneck in unconventional natural gas upgrading. Herein, we present an electrochemical charging strategy to prepare anion-modified activated carbon fibre adsorbents (ACF-NO 3 and ACF-SO 4 ). Multiple characterizations confirm the successful enrichment of nitrate (NO 3 − ) and sulphate (SO 4 2− ) ions within the activated carbon fibre pores. Remarkably, the charged adsorbent ACF-SO 4 exhibits outstanding performance with a high CH 4 adsorption capacity of 1.22 mmol · g −1 and an IAST CH 4 /N 2 selectivity of 6.08 at 298 K and 1 bar, significantly exceeding the ACF-blank. Compared to the ACF-blank, the higher isosteric heats of CH 4 adsorption on charged adsorbents indicate the stronger adsorption affinity between the adsorbents and CH 4 after charging. The different affinities with CH 4 and N 2 on the blank and charged ACF imply that the incorporated anions can act as additional adsorption sites and contribute significantly to the efficient CH 4 /N 2 separation. Breakthrough experiments demonstrate the excellent dynamic CH 4 /N 2 separation performance of the charged adsorbents. The static and dynamic cycling tests also confirm the exceptional stability of the charged adsorbents with their performance remaining unchanged. This electrochemical modification strategy provides valuable insights into designing adsorbents for gas adsorption and separation.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 4.5
Jinfeng Li,Dandan Zhang,Qianwen Wang,Zhigang Li,Bo Tian,Nan Zhang,Wa Gao,Haifeng Gu,Hongtao Zhao
The targeted immobilization of high-affinity functional groups within robust porous frameworks is crucial for developing selective adsorbents for uranium extraction from wastewater. A nickel-based cationic metal-organic framework (MOF) is first synthesized and subsequently phosphorylated via the modification of its ligand hydroxyl groups, producing an efficient uranium adsorbent (NiBTAB-PO 3 H 2 ). The adsorption performance of NiBTAB-PO 3 H 2 for U(VI) is systematically evaluated under various conditions, including pH, initial concentration, contact time, and the presence of competing ions. Owing to the strong coordination of the grafted phosphate groups with UO 2 2+ , NiBTAB-PO 3 H 2 exhibits an enhanced maximum adsorption capacity of 166.6 mg/g at pH = 5. The adsorption process is well-fitted by the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. NiBTAB-PO 3 H 2 demonstrates exceptional selectivity for U(VI), almost maintaining its adsorption capacity in multiple competing ions. This work highlights NiBTAB-PO 3 H 2 as a highly effective adsorbent for uranium recovery, primarily due to its engineered phosphate functionality.
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CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
·
2026
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IF 7.1
Luyong Zhang,Jianyi Zuo,Guangsheng Xu,Jinbin Fan,Xue Bai,Zhihua Yang,Fangfang Zhang,Shilie Pan
Deep-ultraviolet (DUV) birefringent crystals are essential for modern optical technologies, yet achieving a balance between large birefringence and a wide bandgap remains challenging. Although conventional borosulfates with alternating [BO4] and [SO4] tetrahedra connected by sharing corners possess a wide bandgap, they suffer from small birefringence due to weak optical anisotropy resulting from the presence of only tetrahedral groups. This work introduced advantageous “genes” [BO2(OH)] groups to modify the common [B(SO4)4] supertetrahedra for the first time and ultimately produced two borosulfates, Na3B3S2O11(OH)2 and K3B3S2O11(OH)2, striking the balance. Isolated fundamental building block (FBB) [B3O3(OH)2(SO4)2] was observed in the two compounds. Additionally, three conventional borosulfates featuring isolated [B(SO4)4] supertetrahedra, Na4KB(SO4)4, Na4RbB(SO4)4, and Na3Cs2B(SO4)4, were also obtained for comparison. Structural analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the directional alignment of [BO2(OH)] groups significantly enhances the birefringence of the borosulfates. The calculated birefringence at 1064 nm increases by approximately 10-fold, specifically from 0.0035–0.0047 for the three conventional borosulfates to 0.043–0.044 for the two hydroxylated ones. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of employing [BO2(OH)] groups in optimizing the optical anisotropy of borosulfates, providing a design paradigm for exploring advanced DUV birefringent materials in borosulfates.
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