Materials Today Physics
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2026
·
IF 9.3
Lijun Zhai,Feng Luo,Lingfang Liu,Xinyue Zhang,Jian Shi,Jian Wang,Yanli Li,Hongxia Liu,Wenjie Xie,Zhigang Sun
The 18-electron Ti 0.75 NiSb compound exhibits intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity due to the presence of numerous Ti vacancies. However, the high carrier concentration limits further improvement of the thermoelectric performance. In this work, Co atoms are employed to substitute Ni atoms in Ti 0.75 Ni 1- x Co x Sb. The results show that Co substitution effectively tunes the valence electron count of Ti 0.75 NiSb and leads to the formation of a NiSb-based metallic impurity phase, which significantly reduces the carrier concentration from 8.04 × 10 21 cm −3 to 2.31 × 10 21 cm −3 . Consequently, the Seebeck coefficient increases significantly from −94 μV/K for the x = 0 sample to −189 μV/K for x = 0.5, while the electronic thermal conductivity drops substantially from 3.52 to 0.87 W/mK at 873 K. Meanwhile, the lattice thermal conductivity increases due to the reduced Ti vacancy concentration (to satisfy the 18-valence-electron rule) and the formation of the metallic impurity phases. Ultimately, a peak zT of ∼0.50 is achieved at 873 K, representing a ∼47% enhancement compared with the Ti 0.75 NiSb alloy. This work demonstrates that the combination of valence electron count modulation and interface engineering is an effective strategy to optimize the thermoelectric performance of half-Heusler systems. Download: Download high-res image (378KB) Download: Download full-size image
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FUEL
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Rizwan Akbar,Ningbo Gao,Cui Quan
Global energy demand is primarily met by fossil fuels, which significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. To address these challenges, plastic waste can be converted into value-added products; however, pyrolysis of plastic alone typically yields low-quality oil. This study focuses on valorizing marine polystyrene (PS) and traditional Chinese medicine residue (TCMR) to provide an integrated solution for renewable energy production and waste management. Here, the pyrolysis of mixtures of polystyrene and lignocellulosic Chinese medicine waste was investigated at 500–800 °C and 0.1–2 MPa in a fixed-bed reactor using cobalt–molybdenum-loaded zeolite catalysts. The results show high oil quality and energy content at 600-700 °C under 1.0–1.5 MPa, with the 1:3 biomass-to-plastic ratio achieving the highest value of 43.84 MJ kg −1 and a corresponding BTEX yield of 45.3%. The synergistic effect of cobalt and molybdenum on the zeolite enhanced aromatization and hydrogen transfer reactions while simultaneously suppressing char formation. This work presents an integrated assessment of pressurized catalytic co-pyrolysis of marine PS and TCMR over Co-Mo/ZSM-5, demonstrating an efficient route for converting heterogeneous waste into value-added products.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9
Jie Zhao,Shijie Wu,Qiang He,Meng Gou
The development of novel advanced oxidation systems aimed at removing low-concentration antibiotic pollutants from the environment is a crucial area of focus in water pollution control. This study explores a CoNb 3 S 6 -catalyzed sulfite system for efficient and rapid metronidazole (MNZ) residues degradation in environmental water samples. A tube furnace calcination process for synthesizing CoNb 3 S 6 was developed. Scanning electron microscope results revealed that the CoNb 3 S 6 material exhibited an irregular sheet-like morphology with a thickness ranging from 80 to 200 nm. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyses indicated a specific surface area of 59.10 m 2 /g for CoNb 3 S 6 . Targeting MNZ as the pollutant of interest, the influence of critical parameters including solution pH, inorganic anions, CoNb 3 S 6 dosage, sodium sulfite, and MNZ concentrations on the catalytic behavior of the CoNb 3 S 6 /sulfite system was systematically investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that the CoNb 3 S 6 /sulfite system achieved 91.2 % removal of MNZ within 40 s, with the catalytic reaction following a pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model. During MNZ removal process, SO 3 •− , 1 O 2 , and h + were established as the primary active species. Density functional theory (DFT) methodology was applied to analyze the molecular structure of MNZ, leading to the proposal of two possible transformation pathways. The remarkable catalytic efficacy observed in the CoNb 3 S 6 /sulfite system may be fundamentally ascribed to the synergistic interplay of Co, Nb, and S. The established CoNb 3 S 6 /sulfite system demonstrates rapid and efficient removal capabilities, making it suitable for effectively treating low-concentration MNZ pollutants in real-world environmental water samples.
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Nature Communications
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 16.6
Chen Huai,Xiong Yangyang,Li Jun,Abed Jehad,Wang Da,Pedrazo-Tardajos Adrián,Cao Yueping,Zhang Yiting,Wang Ying,Shakouri Mohsen,Xiao Qunfeng,Hu Yongfeng,Bals Sara,Sargent Edward H.,Su Cheng-Yong,Yang Zhenyu
Improving the dispersion of active sites simultaneous with the efficient harvest of photons is a key priority for photocatalysis. Crystalline silicon is abundant on Earth and has a suitable bandgap. However, silicon-based photocatalysts combined with metal elements has proved challenging due to silicon’s rigid crystal structure and high formation energy. Here we report a solid-state chemistry that produces crystalline silicon with well-dispersed Co atoms. Isolated Co sites in silicon are obtained through the in-situ formation of CoSi 2 intermediate nanodomains that function as seeds, leading to the production of Co-incorporating silicon nanocrystals at the CoSi 2 /Si epitaxial interface. As a result, cobalt-on-silicon single-atom catalysts achieve an external quantum efficiency of 10% for CO 2 -to-syngas conversion, with CO and H 2 yields of 4.7 mol g (Co) −1 and 4.4 mol g (Co) −1 , respectively. Moreover, the H 2 /CO ratio is tunable between 0.8 and 2. This photocatalyst also achieves a corresponding turnover number of 2 × 10 4 for visible-light-driven CO 2 reduction over 6 h, which is over ten times higher than previously reported single-atom photocatalysts.
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Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·3395
·
IF 3.4
Mingheng Mao,Shaoqiu Ke,Dingguo Tang,Xiahan Sang,Danqi He
Co magnetic films are widely used in high-frequency magnetic recording and vertical magnetic recording due to their high saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In this work, ferromagnetic Co magnetic films were prepared on copper substrate by vacuum evaporation combined with heat treatment (H2atmosphere), to investigate the impact of film thickness and annealing temperature on microstructure and magnetic properties. The results show that with the increase in annealing temperature, the Co thin film physical phase does not change significantly, the crystallinity increases, and the grain size increases, which is consistent with the results obtained from the SEM morphology map of the sample surface, leading to an increase in coercivity. By annealing experiments (atmospheric atmosphere) on Co magnetic films with and without an Al protective layer, as shown by scanning electron microscopy microscopic characterization results, it was verified that the Al layer can protect the inner Co layer from oxidation. As the film thickness increases from 10 to 300 nm, the magnetic properties of Co films change significantly. The saturation magnetization gradually increases from 0.89 to 5.21 emu/g, and the coercivity increases from 124.3 to 363.8 Oe. The remanence ratio of the 10 nm magnetic film is 0.82, which is much higher than the film remanence ratio of 0.46 at 50 nm. This is because when the thickness of the film is between 10 and 50 nm, the magnetic moments partially deviate from the in-plane direction, and the out-of-plane component reduces the film remanence ratio. This study shows that optimizing annealing temperature and film thickness can effectively control the structure and magnetic properties of Co magnetic films, which is of great significance for the development of the magnetic recording field.Keywords:magnetic films;annealing;vacuum evaporation coating;remanence ratio
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2022
·Vol. 153
·期 11
·3371-3382
·
IF 2.936
Kang Yuexin,Sun Shangde,Wang Ping
Monoricinolein (MRO) is a renewable and biodegradable surfactant derived from castor oil (CO). In this work, a novel ionic liquid (IL)-catalyzed method for selective MRO preparation by the glycerolysis of CO was investigated. Six basic ILs ([Bmim]Im, [Bmim]OH, [Bmim]DCN, [Bmim]OAc, [Emim]OAc, [Emim]Im) were screened and evaluated as homogeneous catalysts. Among the tested ILs, [Bmim]Im showed the best catalysis performance. An evaluation of the effects of reaction variables on the IL-catalyzed glycerolysis was carried out (temperature, reaction time, IL load and substrate ratio). The maximum MRO yield (75.77 ± 1.20%) and triacylglyceride (TAG) conversion (96.67 ± 0.10%) were obtained under the following optimized conditions: CO/glycerol molar ratio 1:6, IL load 10%, 180 °C, 3 h, and no water added. The results showed that the selectivity of MRO was enhanced. The activation energies (Ea) for CO conversion and formation of the MRO were 44.07 kJ/mol and 54.99 kJ/mol, respectively. Graphical Abstract
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·
IF 6.911
Ruiming Chen,Tingting Hu,Shu Xing,Tao Wei,Jianbin Chen,Tianduo Li,Qingfen Niu,Zhengyang Zhang,Huijun Ren,Xiaoxu Qin
Hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) and hypochlorite (ClO − ) are extremely harmful to the public health, so it is vitally necessary to detect them in living system. Herein, we developed a new phenthiazine-thiobarbituric acid based dual-analyte responsive fluorescent sensor PT for visually distinguishing and detecting N 2 H 4 and ClO − . PT underwent N 2 H 4 /ClO − -induced C C breakage, achieving olive-drab/brilliant green fluorescence lighting-up response towards N 2 H 4 /ClO − with superb specifity, ultra-sensitivity (detection limit: 15.4 nM for N 2 H 4 , 13.7 nM for ClO − ), and ultra-fast response (N 2 H 4 : <15 s, ClO − : <20 s). The mechanisms for sensing N 2 H 4 and ClO − were investigated with support of spectral measurements and DFT investigation. Sensor based paper-strip/silica-gel device was developed for in-field supervision and on-site monitoring of gaseous and aqueous N 2 H 4 and ClO − solution. In addition, the PT was also applied for quantitatively detecting N 2 H 4 and ClO − in soil, food, plants and bio-fluids. Moreover, PT was utilized to visualize exogenous N 2 H 4 and ClO − in living plants and live-cells, demonstrating this sensor utilized as a powerful tool to detect N 2 H 4 and ClO − in biological fields.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2023
·
IF 9.4
Zengcai Guo,Yuanxiang Zhao,Jianpeng Mu,Zhixiao Zhang,Jingbo Mu,Hongwei Che,Yanming Wang,Xiaoliang Zhang,Guangshuo Wang,Mingyi Zhang
NiPS 3 electrodes usually suffer from aggregation large volume changes, low electrical conductivity , and huge volume changes in bulk phase. These significantly decrease the electron transport efficiency, resulting in the sluggish reaction kinetics of supercapacitors during cycling. Herein, we designed and produced hollow porous nitrogen-doped carbon capsules (N-Cc), which are used as a conductive matrix and dispersed growing substrate for NiPS 3 . Finally, NiPS 3 nanosheets were successfully grown in situ on N-Cc by chemical vapor deposition method. The specific capacitance of the highly integrated N-Cc@NiPS 3 -1.0 electrode structure is notable, at 590 C g −1 . The assembled N-Cc@NiPS 3 -1.0//AC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) delivers an energy density of 55.42 Wh kg −1 at power density of 750.05 W kg −1 and an outstanding stability with 89.9 % of retention rate for 8000 cycles. It should be noted that the performance of the N-Cc@NiPS 3 -1.0 here surpasses most of previously reported similar materials.
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Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Letters
·
2023
·Vol. 36
·期 6
·1023-1037
·
IF 3.5
Fan Wenhao,Zhao Jianxun,Liu Dayong,Liang Qingcheng,Liu Wanqiang,Wang Qingshuang,Liu Heng,Chen Peng,Gao Shang,Bao Xinlong,Cheng Yong,Wang Xinwei,Guo Xin
Co 0.9 Cu 0.1 Si alloy was prepared by mechanical alloying method. Nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) and nitrogen–sulfur co-doped graphene (NSG) were prepared by hydrothermal method. 5 wt% graphene oxide, NG and NSG were doped into Co 0.9 Cu 0.1 Si alloy, respectively, by ball milling to improve the electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of the composite material. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the composite material, and the LAND battery test system and three-electrode battery system were used to test the electrochemical performance of the composite material. The composite material showed better discharge capacity and better cycle stability than the pristine alloy. In addition, in order to study the optimal ratio of NSG, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% of NSG were doped into Co 0.9 Cu 0.1 Si alloy, respectively. Co 0.9 Cu 0.1 Si alloy doped with 5% NSG had the best performance among all the samples. The best discharge capacity was 580.1 mAh/g, and its highest capacity retention rate was 64.1%. The improvement in electrochemical hydrogen storage performance can be attributed to two aspects. On the one hand, the electrocatalytic performance of graphene is improved by co-doping nitrogen and sulfur, on the other hand, graphene has excellent electrical conductivity.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Ming Yan,Jiangtao Huang,Mengliu Yang,Hao Zhang,Yu Zhu,Nengyu Zhou,Juan Wang
MAX phases are layered ternary carbides and nitrides with unique properties, doping transition metals in it is attracting significant attentions for the processing of this relatively new class of materials. In this paper, a magnetic solid solution MAX phase V 2 (Sn 1− x A x )C ( A = Mn, Fe, Co) was synthesized by doping Mn/Fe/Co atoms into V 2 SnC by pressure-less sintering. The XRD results show that when x = 0.4, the characteristic peak shifts to the right, and the substitution reaches saturation. SEM and TEM show that doping does not change the original layered morphology and hexagonal crystal form, but only the lattice constants decrease slightly. Magnetic test results indicate that V 2 (Sn 1− x A x )C is a typical low-temperature magnetic material with a Curie temperature around 60 K, and the magnetization increases with the increase of doping amount. Moreover, we explained the reasons of V 2 SnC doping A-site instead of M-site and the changing trend of the magnetic moments by first-principles calculations, which are consistent with the experimental results.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2022
·
IF 9.221
Kaiqi Liu,Luminita Marin,Xinjian Cheng
In this work, fluorescent β- cyclodextrin (β-CD) based probes containing naphthalimide group were synthesized to realize the specific recognition of Hg 2+ /Hg + in aqueous system. Firstly, three small fluorescent molecules (N1, N2 and N3) with -NH 2 groups were synthesized from 4-bromo-1, 8-naphthalene anhydride . Secondly, CH CCH 2 - group was introduced into β-CD by Williamson ether formation reaction. Finally, the target probes (β-CD-PI, β-CD-PY and β-CD-TP) were obtained by Amino-Yne click reaction. These probes can efficiently recognize Hg 2+ /Hg + . β-CD-PI emits bright yellow fluorescence after binding with Hg 2+ /Hg + , which is a turn-on fluorescent probe . When the Hg 2+ /Hg + concentration exceeds 26 μM, the fluorescence intensity amplifies sharply (20 folds). The hydrophobic parts of the probes aggregated together to form a micelle-like structure due to complexation with Hg 2+ /Hg + , resulting in special micelle-sensitizing properties. Meanwhile, the HOMO-LUMO energy levels of the probes were calculated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The probe is expected to be used for the detection of Hg 2+ /Hg + in aqueous solutions without any organic solvents.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Feng Cheng,Yongfei Tong,Yang Liu,Yue Yuan,Zhiqiang Chen,Juan Liang,Yongli Zhang,Peng Zhou,Xiaoguang Duan,Bo Lai
In this study, vanadium powder (V) was employed as a cocatalyst to enhance the Fenton-like system. The V-Fe(III)/H 2 O 2 system can rapidly produce hydroxyl radicals and completely oxidize chloramphenicol with exceptionally high stability for long-term operation. The low-valent vanadium sites on the surface during the stepwise oxidation of vanadium from V 0 to V(IV) can donate electrons for direct H 2 O 2 activation and indirect Fenton reaction by reducing Fe(III) to produce hydroxyl radicals. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculation unveils that low-valent vanadium sites of vanadium can lengthen Fe-O bonds of FeOH 2+ to elevate the oxidation potential of Fe(III) and promote Fe(III) reduction induced by H 2 O 2 . The self-cleaning effect of vanadium under acidic conditions can maintain reactive sites for sustainable electron donation and long-lasting enhanced Fenton oxidation. This study provides a novel enhanced Fenton oxidation for water remediation and the first mechanistic insights into the origins of V-based advanced oxidation technologies , it may also be beneficial to treat vanadium-contained wastewater.
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