INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2026
·
IF 6.4
Xue-Mei Yang,Xi-Ke Xu,Zhao-Ting Li,Xian-Peng Zu,Xin Chen,Hong-Yuan Dong,Wei-Dong Zhang,Bei Jiang,Yun-Heng Shen
First isolation of the polysaccharide from S. cannabina root. • It alleviates ethanol-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. • SCPC-2 ameliorates ethanol metabolism by regulating ADH, ALDH, and CYP2E1 enzymes. • It activates the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to reduce oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. • Provides a strategy for valorization of S. cannabina roots as functional ingredients. This study investigated the structural characteristics, conformational features, and hepatoprotective activity of a polysaccharide (SCPC-2) isolated from the roots of Sesbania cannabina , an underutilized industrial crop widely distributed in saline-alkaline regions. SCPC-2 exhibited an average molecular weight of 7.97 kDa and was composed mainly of mannose, galactose, rhamnose, glucose, arabinose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid. Methylation analysis revealed that SCPC-2 contained diverse glycosidic linkages, including t-Man(p), t-Gal(p), t-Glc(p), and various branched residues, indicating a structurally complex architecture. NMR spectroscopy revealed characteristic oxygenated sugar-ring signals and representative H/C correlations, supporting the general carbohydrate structural features of SCPC-2. In vitro cell model assays demonstrated that SCPC-2 significantly improved the viability of ethanol-injured HepG2 cells. It reduced the levels of transaminases (ALT and AST) and the lipid peroxidation product MDA, while elevating the levels of antioxidants (SOD and GSH) and ethanol metabolism-related enzymes (ADH and ALDH). Mechanistic studies indicated that SCPC-2 alleviated ethanol-induced HepG2 cell damage by coordinately regulating ethanol metabolism and enhancing antioxidant defense via activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that SCPC-2 may be a promising hepatoprotective agent, highlighting the potential for high-value utilization of S. cannabina roots.
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BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 7
Die Gao,Zhengyu Guo,Hui Ma,Huimin Cao,Leiyu Liu,Jingliang Xu,Shen Zhang
Xylose, a primary sugar component of lignocellulosic biomass, is isomers or epimers of many high-value or rare added pentose. Traditional utilization of xylose predominantly involves dehydration to furfural or hydrogenation to xylitol. In this work, we prepared a carbon-supported molybdenum disulfide catalyst (MoS 2 @C) via a hydrothermal pretreatment, which facilities multi-step isomerization of xylose toward three high-value monosaccharides: lyxose, arabinose, and ribose. NH 3 -TPD and EPR characterizations proved that abundant MoS 2 and S vacancy sites are generated on carbon surface. S 2− species function as Lewis basic sites to stabilize key intermediates and facilitates hydrogen transfer. These dual-functional sites jointly promote a sequential isomerization and epimerization of xylose pathways. Multi-isomerization process of xylose was occurred by MoS 2 @C at 120°C. The isomers and epimers including lyxose (20.06%), arabinose (15.87%), and ribose (10.84%) were obtained in water. A multi-step reaction sequence includes sequential 1,2-hydrogen migration and carbon skeleton rearrangement, leading to synthesis of arabinose and ribose. Furthermore, a mechanistic hypothesis for multi-isomerization process of xylose by MoS 2 @Carbon catalyst was proposed, sulfur species promote hydrogen transfer and carbon rearrangement through nucleophilic attack and vacancy-assisted mechanisms. This study provides an effective catalyst design strategy and mechanistic basis for the conversion of xylose into high-value products using molybdenum disulfide.
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ENERGY & FUELS
·
2026
·
IF 6
Jiuhong Wei,Yanni Liu,Shihua Zheng,Yajing Cai,Guojie Zhang
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) provides an attractive pathway for the simultaneous utilization of CH4 and CO2 to produce syngas; however, Co-based catalysts typically suffer from metal sintering, formation of hardly reducible cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4), and severe carbon deposition under high-temperature conditions. Herein, Y-promoted Co catalysts supported on alumina with tailored pore architectures were developed, with particular emphasis on a hierarchical bimodal porous Al2O3 support (Al2O3-BA) integrating ordered mesopores and interconnected macroporous channels. Compared with mesoporous Al2O3-SA and commercial γ-Al2O3-supported counterparts, the 10Co-5Y/A2O3-BA catalyst exhibited smaller Co3O4 crystallites and more uniform nanoparticle dispersion, indicating mitigated agglomeration. H2-TPR analysis revealed enhanced reducibility with a shift of the main reduction peak to lower temperature and a markedly suppressed high-temperature CoAl2O4 feature, suggesting weakened metal–support interaction. CO2-TPD demonstrated an increased population of medium-strength basic sites, favoring CO2 adsorption and activation. XPS indicated a higher Co2+/Co3+ ratio and an increased proportion of surface-adsorbed oxygen species, implying modified surface electronic properties. These structural and surface characteristics translated into superior catalytic performance. The bimodal catalyst delivered the highest CH4 and CO2 conversions over 650–800 °C and maintained stable activity during a 24 h test at 750 °C, achieving 86.5% CH4 conversion, 91.5% CO2 conversion, and an H2/CO ratio of 0.92. Postreaction analyses revealed significantly reduced carbon deposition compared with mesoporous counterparts. Overall, the synergy between Y promotion and hierarchical bimodal porosity effectively modulates metal–support interaction, enhances reducibility and CO2 activation, and suppresses coking, providing a rational strategy for designing durable Co-based catalysts for DRM.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2026
·
IF 4.8
Jing-Jing Liu,Si-Dian Miao,Zhan-Yi Wang,Ya-Han Zhu,Bin-Bin Jiang,Shuang-Shuang Long,Shu-Qin Gao,Ying-Wu Lin
The anti-glycation effects and mechanisms of eight quinone-related compounds, primarily sourced from medicinal and edible plants, were evaluated in this study. In vitro glycation experiments were conducted to study the structural perturbation induced by d -ribose on human myoglobin (HMb) in the presence of the tested compounds. Spectroscopic and electrophoretic analyses indicated that among the four benzoquinone-related substances, thymoquinone and its structurally closest analogue 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the d -ribose-induced glycation, thereby maintaining protein structural stability, reducing advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation, and attenuating the covalent protein modification by d -ribose. In contrast, 1,4-benzoquinone and hydroquinone (a reduction product of 1,4-benzoquinone) promoted HMb denaturation through the Michael addition mechanism. Of the two naphthoquinones, juglone and plumbagin, showed anti-glycation effects, whereas the anthraquinones emodin and chrysophanol showed no significant effects. Nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis further showed that thymoquinone was more effective in preventing glycation than juglone and plumbagin. This study investigates the mechanisms underlying glycation inhibition by quinones, revealing that the presence of dual β -substituted carbons on the benzoquinone ring is critical for stabilizing protein conformations and suppressing glycation. It provides a preliminary mechanistic basis and identifies candidate molecules for potential applications of quinones in retarding glycation, such as in managing diabetic complications or inhibiting glycation reactions during food processing.
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CHEMBIOCHEM
·
2026
·Vol. 27
·期 14
·e70476
·
IF 2.8
Shirong Wang,Yu Zhang,Fan Yang,Fuxue Chen,Xingcheng Shao,Gaofei Liu,Bin Wu
Multienzyme cascades provide an efficient biocatalytic strategy for synthesizing nucleoside analogs from simple sugar donors and nucleobases. In pentose‐to‐nucleoside cascades, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) catalyzes the terminal N‐glycosylation step and strongly influences product formation and substrate scope. Here, seven putative PNP homologs from microorganisms isolated from low‐temperature environments were evaluated under Ec RK‐ Ec PPM‐PNP cascade conditions. A PNP from Colwellia sp. WH041, designated Col PNP, showed the highest arabinofuranosylation activity and was selected for further characterization. Col PNP displayed optimal activity at 45 °C and exhibited a 12.7‐fold higher catalytic efficiency than Escherichia coli PNP at the same temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations supported the favorable catalytic performance of Col PNP under moderate‐temperature conditions. After optimization of the Ec RK‐ Ec PPM‐ Col PNP cascade, vidarabine conversion reached 58.2% within 12 h. The optimized system was further applied to synthesize diverse nucleoside analogs with conversions of 45.8%–89.8%, and guanosine analogs were obtained through sequential Ec ADA‐mediated deamination. This study expands the PNP toolbox and demonstrates Col PNP as an efficient module for enzymatic nucleoside analog synthesis. A purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Colwellia sp. WH041, Col PNP, is identified as an efficient module for pentose‐to‐purine nucleoside synthesis. Integrated with Ec RK and Ec PPM, Col PNP enables direct conversion of unprotected D‐pentoses and purine bases into diverse nucleoside analogs with up to 89.9% conversion.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 74
·期 30
·23556-23575
·
IF 6.7
Li Wennian,Huang Yujie,Su Hualing,Nong Jiale,Liang Wenyu,Liu Yonghong,Zhao Longyan,Yuan Qingxia
Pectic
polysaccharides hold therapeutic potential for ulcerative
colitis (UC). This study reports the first isolation of two structurally
distinct pectins from Avicennia marina fruit pericarp: AMPP-2-1 (158 kDa), a rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I)-rich
pectin with galactan branches and intricate arabinan side chains rich
in β-Ara f terminals; and AMPP-2-2 (16 kDa),
a low-molecular-weight homogalacturonan (HG)-rich pectin with unsaturated
Gal p A at the nonreducing ends. Both pectins significantly
ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate-induced UC by suppressing inflammation,
restoring intestinal barrier integrity, and modulating gut microbiota
to enrich beneficial bacteria while depleting pathogenic bacteria,
alongside promoting short-chain fatty acid production. Low-molecular-weight
HG showed greater ameliorative effects than RG-I under the present
experimental conditions. These findings establish that pectins may
contribute, at least in part, to the intestinal benefits of A. marina fruits in traditional use, expanding the
structural diversity and biomedical applications of pectic polysaccharides
from underexplored plant resources.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 6
Haihui Ren,Wen Xiao,Jiameng Han,Qiaorong Liu,Zunjian Zhang,Yuan Tian
Background Tracking changes in plasma concentrations of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols related to glycometabolism, which plays a role as the main source of energy, is of great significance for the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, analysis of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols has always been a difficult task due to the high polarity of the polyhydroxy structure and the presence of a large number of isomers. So far, no suitable method has been developed for simultaneous determination of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols in beagle plasma. Results This work performed an innovative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous chromatographic separation and absolute quantification of 11 monosaccharides and sugar alcohols associated with glycometabolism. After derivatization, monosaccharides converted to be oxime acetylated derivatives and sugar alcohols transformed into acetylated derivatives. All analytes achieved good separation after chromatographic conditions were optimized, especially the selection of mid-polarity capillary column(6% cyanopropyl phenyl and 94% dimethyl polysiloxane). The improvement of derivatization efficiency through single factor and response surface optimization ensured a high sensitivity, with LOQ of each analyte in the range of 0.2-50 ng/mL. The established method was fully validated in terms of linearity and range, sensitivity, accuracy and precision, recovery, matrix effect, stability, dilution integrity and proved to be reliable, which was applied to the comparative study on hypoglycemic effect of two antidiabetic agents with different pharmacological mechanisms, dorzagliatin and metformin, as well as possible metabolic pathways affected by them. Significance This method solves the problems of multiple peaks after derivatization and frequent co-elution of analytes in previous analytical methods, significantly enhances derivatization efficiency of ketoses, which provides a promising approach for simultaneous analysis of aldose, ketose, and sugar alcohol. It offers new insights into a more comprehensive research on glycometabolism rather than merely focusing on glucose.
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Chemical Science
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Yiming Liu,Shanshan Du,Xiangxiang Zhang,Chao Li,Shubin Li,Wenxia Xu,Jingjing Zhao,Wei Mu,Xiaojun Han
Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) salvage pathway reconstitution is a crucial step toward autonomous artificial cells. In living systems, D-ribose is a fundamental precursor intricately involved in the synthesis of nucleotides, nucleic acids, and critical metabolic pathways. An NADH synthesis pathway in artificial cells starting from D-ribose was constructed with five-enzyme cascade containing ribokinase, ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase, and formate dehydrogenase (RK, RPPK, NAMPT, NMNAT, and FDH), which efficiently converted 10 mM D-ribose into 415 μM NADH within 80 minutes under optimized conditions. The produced NADH was further used to drive the amino acid metabolism, i.e., to convert NH4+ and α-ketoglutarate to glutamate by introducing additional glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) inside artificial cells. The successful reconstitution of NADH synthesis pathway lays the foundation for fabricate artificial cells with complicated metabolic net works.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Jie Bai,Yongchun Huang,Yuling Zhao,Lirong Zhang,Fuli Zhu,Yixizhuoma,Yuxin Weng,Shoude Zhang
The structural characterization of polysaccharides requires precise determination of their monosaccharide composition, including the differentiation of D- and L-configurations. Current analytical methods can identify monosaccharide types but often fail to distinguish between enantiomeric configurations, posing a significant challenge for accurate polysaccharide structural elucidation. This study introduces a robust, accurate, and reproducible ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method to address this limitation. By utilizing ( S )-(−)-1-phenylethylamine (S-PEA) as a chiral derivatizing reagent, monosaccharide enantiomers are converted into diastereomers through the introduction of a new chiral center. This approach enables the simultaneous determination of D/L configurations for aldoses, amino sugars, alditols, and uronic acids, achieving excellent chromatographic baseline separation. Method validation demonstrated excellent linearity (R 2 > 0.9900) within the range of 2.5–160 μg/mL. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.04 to 0.11 μg/mL and 0.13–0.35 μg/mL, respectively, indicating high sensitivity. Accuracy was confirmed with recovery rates between 97.23% and 100.67%, while intra- and inter-day precision RSDs were below 3.54%. The method was successfully applied to characterize the monosaccharide composition of six plant-derived polysaccharides, demonstrating its efficacy in identifying both structural types and absolute configurations. These findings establish the proposed method as a valuable tool for advancing the comprehensive structural analysis of polysaccharides.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.5
Huiqi Wang,Xinmin Fang,Yuemou Zhao,Wennian Li,Longyan Zhao,Xinzhou Yang,Qingxia Yuan
Stemona tuberosa Lour., a noted traditional Chinese medicine, exerts potent pharmacological effects, yet its key pectic polysaccharides, especially their chemical structures, remain poorly understood, impeding further investigation and development. In this study, two pectin polysaccharides (STP-3-1 and STP-3-2) were isolated from the roots for the first time. Using HPLC, methylation-GC–MS, and 1D/2D NMR, their structures were elucidated. Both contain a rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone with 1,5-α-arabinan and 1,4-β-galactan side chains; STP-3-1 is exclusively RG-I with higher galactose content, whereas STP-3-2 also harbors an α-1,4-homogalacturonan segment, α-L-Rha p -(1→, Δ4,5-α-D-Gal p A-(1 → residues, and methyl-esterified →4)-α-Gal p A-(1 → units. Immunological assays showed both polymers dose-dependently induced NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 production and their mRNA expression via the TLR pathway, with STP-3-2 displaying stronger activity, likely due to its lower molecular weight and higher homogalacturonan content. These findings reveal S. tuberosa polysaccharides as promising immunopotentiators. Their rigorously defined architectures offer exact molecular blueprints for mechanistic and pharmaceutical studies, while their exceptionally clear NMR spectra set a high-confidence reference for future pectic-polysaccharide research.
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Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 8
·1590
·
IF 5.2
Yaxian Chen,Yini Cai,Zhimin Zhao,Depo Yang,Xinjun Xu
In this study, the hot water extraction process of crude polysaccharides from Morindae officinalis radix (cMORP) was conducted and optimized through a single-factor test and orthogonal experimental design. With the optimal extraction process (extraction temperature of 80 °C, extraction time of 2 h, liquid/solid ratio of 15 mL/g, and number of extraction of 1), the cMORP was obtained by the ethanol precipitation method. The chemical properties and preliminary characterization of the cMORP were analyzed by chemical or instrumental methods. Furthermore, to indicate a preliminary study on safety, a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight (BW) was administered orally to Kunming (KM) mice for acute toxicity, and the cMORP was administered orally to KM mice once a day at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW for 30 days. General behaviors, body weight variations, histopathology, relative organ weights, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters were observed and recorded. The results suggested there were no toxicologically significant changes. Based on the safety study, cMORP can be initially considered non-toxic with no acute oral toxicity up to 5000 mg/kg BW and safe at up to 100 mg/kg BW in KM mice for 30 days.Keywords:Morindae officinalis radix;crude polysaccharides;hot water extraction;optimization;preliminary characterization;safety study
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2023
·
IF 5.8
Zhengge Wang,Chengyu Fu,Yingtao Gao,Zhaoji Wu,Weiqing Chen,Bowen Hu,Siqi Xu,Zhigang Zhang,Peng Yang
Coatings with both anti-fouling and bactericidal functions are used in many fields. In this work, lysozyme (Lyso) and poly (2-Methylallyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) conjugate (Lyso-PMPC) is successfully designed and synthesized for the first time. A new nanofilm (PTL-PMPC) is then obtained by phase transition of lysozyme via the reduction of disulfide bonds in Lyso-PMPC. Benefit from lysozyme amyloid-like aggregates as surface anchors, the nanofilm shows excellent stability, it remains unchanged after treatment under extreme conditions such as ultrasonic and 3 M tape peeling. Due to the presence of zwitterionic polymer (PMPC) brush, the PTL-PMPC film has excellent antifouling properties against cell, bacterium, fungi, proteins, biofluids, phosphatide , polyose, esters, and carbohydrates. Meanwhile, the PTL-PMPC film is colourless and transparent. Further, a new coating (PTL-PMPC/PHMB) is fabricated by hybridizing PTL-PMPC with poly (hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB). This coating had excellent antibacterial properties , and the antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is more than 99.99%. In addition, the coating exhibit good hemocompatibility and low cytotoxicity.
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