Analytical Methods
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2025
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IF 2.6
Tianping Chen,Yanru Tao,Xi Cao,Shiyi He,Hua Zhao,Jiangling Hu,Hongmei Wang,Xinhui Jiang
This study developed a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method for the simultaneous determination of 19 amino acids in the cortex, hippocampus, and bone marrow samples of BALB/C-nu/nu and NOD/SCID mice. We measured the changes in the levels of 19 amino substances in the cortex, hippocampus, and bone marrow samples of mice in the blank model group, acute leukemia model group, chronic leukemia model group, and treatment group. The chromatographic column used was a COSMOSIL 5 C18-MS-II analytical column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), with the column temperature set at 35 °C. The mobile phase was a methanol-ammonium acetate buffer solution (30 mmol L−1 ammonium acetate solution, adjusted to pH 6.40 with acetic acid), at a flow rate of 0.9 mL min−1. The single analysis time was 46 minutes. By optimizing the analysis conditions, the newly established HPLC-FLD method exhibits high sensitivity, good accuracy, and good reproducibility. This method can be successfully applied to determine 19 amino substances in the cortex, hippocampus, and bone marrow of BALB/C-nu/nu and NOD/SCID mice. The differences in amino acid content between different groups can be used to further study the development process of leukemia, disease diagnostic markers, and personalized treatment plans.
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TALANTA
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Xiwang Hou,Tianhao Chen,Chunyan Wang,Fanyu Liu,Minggang Zhao,Ye Ma
The concentration range of uric acid (UA) varies significantly across different biological fluids, and therefore, highly sensitive and wide-range detection of UA is of great importance for the early diagnosis of UA-related diseases. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers high sensitivity and molecular fingerprint specificity; however, challenges remain regarding its signal uniformity and detection range. In this work, a uniform and stable two-dimensional metasurface is constructed via liquid–liquid interface (LLI) self-assembly of silver nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with bis (p-sulfonatophenyl) phenylphosphine di-potassium salt (BSPP). UA is catalytically oxidized by uricase, which in turn oxidizes the BSPP ligands on the NP surface, inducing microstructural changes in the metasurface, which led to a decrease in the BSPP signal in the SERS mode at low UA concentrations and a reduction in reflectance in the reflectance mode at high UA concentrations. Using this dual-mode strategy, a detection limit (LOD) of 3.22 ± 0.10 nM for UA and a dynamic range of 0.100–1500 μM are achieved. The strategy enables rapid NPs assembly and complementary linear ranges, offering a versatile approach with potential for extension to diverse analytes and portable point-of-care applications, highlighting its potential significance for the early diagnosis of UA–related diseases.
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LUMINESCENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 40
·期 11
·e70328
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IF 3
Tingting Lei,Yating Xu,Siyi Tan,Jiafu Xiao,Shaojing Zhao,Minhuan Lan
An ability to effectively detect glyphosate residues in food and the environment on-site remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent sensing platform based on blue fluorescent carbon dots (B-CDs) and red carbon dots (R-CDs) for rapid, visual, and quantitative detection of glyphosate. Although B-CDs, which were functionalized with abundant amino and hydroxyl groups, caused glyphosate-mediated aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) via hydrogen bonding effect, R-CDs acted as a stable internal reference. The system could detect glyphosate in one step within 20 s and had a low detection limit of 2.87 μM. During the detection process, the fluorescent color changes from blue to red. On-site detection can be achieved by using the RGB analysis integrated in the smartphone. The sensor had high selectivity to glyphosate, despite the presence of metal ions, biomolecules, and various pesticides. It was successfully applied to detect actual water samples with recovery rates of 81.8%–96.6% (RSD ≤ 11.1%). With its rapid response, smartphone compatibility, and robustness in detecting complex matrices, the proposed sensor has promising potential for the monitoring of glyphosate in agricultural and environmental samples.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2025
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IF 4.2
Chenyan Lu,Dajie Zou,Yanyan Jia,Yongchang Lu,Huan Wang,Yanfeng He
In this study, a novel nitrogen-chlorine-codoped carbon quantum dots (NCl-CQDs) with low toxicity, thermal stability, good fluorescence properties, biocompatibility and high sensitivity was successfully prepared by hydrothermal carbonization. Based on the above advantages of NCl-CQDs, the NCl-CQDs was used to construct fluorescence sensing system for fluorescence probes. The maximum fluorescence emission wavelength was obtained at 470 nm when the excitation wavelength was 390 nm. The fluorescence signal was in the state of “ON”. The introduction of 2,6-Dichloroindophenol Sodium (DCIP) resulted in the quenching of fluorescence intensity due to photoinduced electron transfer between DCIP and NCl-CQDs. At this point, the color of the solution changed from brownish-yellow to light blue, indicating that the fluorescence signal was in an “OFF” state. Upon addition of ascorbic acid (AA) to the NCl-CQDs/DCIP system, the corresponding fluorescence signal was restored due to the special interaction between AA and DCIP. The color of the corresponding solution changed from light blue to colorless. The fluorescence signal was in the “on” state. Therefore, an “ON-OFF-ON” sensing system and colorimetric sensing system for AA was constructed using the NCl-CQD fluorescence probe. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the proposed methods exhibited satisfactory linear ranges. Specifically, the linear range for AA detection by the fluorescence sensor spanned from 1.2 μM to 180.33 μM, while that by the colorimetric sensor ranged from 1.32 μM to 166.55 μM. The corresponding detection limits were determined to be 0.68 μM and 0.55 μM, respectively. In summary, this sensing system could effectively enhance selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy by preventing false positive detection results caused by environmental and system errors.
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Cell Reports Physical Science
·
2026
·
IF 6.9
Qi Yi,Yi-Qi Sheng,Dong-Qi Han,Xue-Wei Lin,Chi-Kit Siu,Zhong-Ping Yao
Chiral recognition in mass spectrometry typically relies on one chiral selector (CS) to distinguish enantiomers through dissociation of diastereomeric complexes. Here, we report an innovative approach employing two different CSs to form trimeric complexes with analytes in the presence of Cu 2+ . Nineteen proteinogenic chiral amino acids are investigated as both analytes and selectors, and complexes involving proline and aromatic amino acids exhibit superior chiral discrimination. Notably, the two selectors can play distinct roles: one plays an anchoring role, while the other only contributes to the degree of discrimination. Computational modeling reveals that the copper-bound trimers (e.g., [Cu II (Pro)(Phe)(Tyr) − H] + ) adopt a pentacoordinated geometry with a square-planar base and an elongated axial bond. Three energetically similar precursor structures co-exist, with dissociation occurring exclusively at the axial position. The strong agreement between experimental and computational results validates this binary CS concept and provides a framework for designing advanced CSs for unknown samples.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING
·
2026
·Vol. 49
·期 2
·e70394
·
IF 3.5
Shutian Ma,Hongyu Zou,Manling Zhang,Jinyuan Zhang,Zhuang Shi,Yi Yang,Jinglin Zhang,Yuang Zhang,Liming Zhang,Enjie Diao
Black garlic (BG) was prepared at 70°C–75°C with different processing relative humidities (RHs) for 9 days. The effects of processing RH (65%–95%) on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of BG were investigated. The results showed that higher processing RH was not conducive to the browning of BG. When the processing RH increased from 65% to 95%, the glucose and fructose contents in BG obviously increased by 42.96% and 112.80% ( p < 0.05), respectively; while the browning degree, total acid, total polyphenol, total flavonoid, allicin, and alliin contents decreased by 4.01%, 11.44%, 27.36%, 44.26%, 40.98%, and 48.10% ( p < 0.05), respectively. The potentially harmful substances acrylamide and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) also significantly decreased by 69.63% and 82.61% ( p < 0.05), respectively. However, the IC 50 values for DPPH and ABTS increased by 28.75% and 46.96% ( p < 0.05), respectively, indicating the decrease in antioxidant capacity of BG. The changes in fructose content and IC 50 values could be well simulated by the zero-order kinetic models, while other physicochemical parameters all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic models with different regression equations. Overall, 85% processing RH can effectively balance sensory, nutritional, and antioxidant properties of BG, as well as better inhibit the formation of acrylamide and 5-HMF, which can be used as a reference to guide the industrial production of BG for enhancing its quality and safety.
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Food Bioscience
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Yingying Zeng,Weiwei He,Yuhao Li,Junyi Yin,Mingyong Xie
Fermented celery puree is valued for its low caloric content and health benefits. However, its characteristic grassy flavor often limits consumer acceptance. This study examined how supplementation with four amino acids (i.e. valine, leucine, isoleucine, and particularly phenylalanine) modulated the fermentation of celery puree by three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NCU116, L. casei NCU215, and L. acidophilus NCU402. Among all fermentations, phenylalanine supplementation showed the most pronounced enhancement in both metabolic activity and aroma formation. Amino acid addition accelerated acidification and microbial growth in NCU116 and NCU215 fermentations, whereas its influence on NCU402 was minimal. Phenylalanine supplementation markedly enhanced floral and fruity volatiles, elevating phenylacetaldehyde (∼23-fold), phenylethyl alcohol (∼3-fold), linalool (∼2-fold), and 1,4-dimethyl-4-acetyl-1-cyclohexene (∼1.25-fold). In contrast, valine, isoleucine, and leucine showed only minor effects, mainly on energy metabolism and overall volatile balance. Metabolomic pathway enrichment revealed activation of the phenylpropanoid and shikimate pathways by phenylalanine, indicating enhanced aromatic metabolism, whereas the other amino acids mainly modulated glycolysis/TCA-linked energy metabolism. These findings indicate that phenylalanine acts as an important exogenous precursor and key contributor to aromatic metabolism and volatile formation in NCU215-fermented celery puree, providing mechanistic insights and a practical strategy to enhance sensory acceptance and functional quality of plant-based fermented foods.
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COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
·
2026
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IF 10.3
Liru Yan,Bianxiang Zhang,Wei Zhou,Chao Feng,Caihong Zhang,Yan Zhang,Shaomin Shuang,Lihong Shi
Highly-intelligent user-friendly sensing strategies are becoming desperately demanded and indispensable in under-developed nations and resources-insufficient areas. Herein, an intelligent sensing platform has been successfully established incorporating smartphone with machine vision and deep learning function, 3D-printed handheld device, and paper microfluidic chip stained with tri-emission ratiometric-fluorescence (FL) carbon dots (TCDs). The intelligent system can quantify zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) only through a single-step operation on smartphone. TCDs, engendering bright blue and cyan FL as well as weak red one at 370 nm excitation, were prepared hydrothermally using tartaric acid and alizarin carmine. As-prepared TCDs exhibit continuous FL color transformation from blue to purple to blue with the addition of Zn 2+ and EDTA. Subsequently, TCDs-based paper chip is explored to enable field-portable sequential discrimination of Zn 2+ and EDTA. Intriguingly, the proposed sensor is utilized for fast and intelligent quantification of Zn 2+ and EDTA in soil filtrate, plant sap and tap water with a low detection limit of 3.8 μM and 7.9 μM, as well as wide linear correlations of 0–280 µM and 0–560 µM, respectively. It is eagerly anticipated that our methodologies will become the strong impetus for new round of technological transformation for analyte assay.
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TALANTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Dan Wang,Panpan Chen,Qin Huang,Yan Ma,Xueping Tao,Yuanmin Gong,Jiaping Cui,Yang Zhou,Zhining Xia,Qifeng Fu
The inherently low phase ratio and limited surface capacity of open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) significantly restrict its efficiency in enantioseparation. To overcome this limitation, we developed a rigid-flexible composite interface strategy to construct a high-efficiency chiral ligand-exchange CEC (CLE-CEC) column. A uniform nanocrystalline UiO-66-NH 2 layer was in situ grown on the capillary inner wall to serve as a high-surface-area rigid scaffold, followed by the covalent immobilization of L-arginine (L-Arg) as a flexible chiral ligand. This composite architecture combines the structural stability of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with the stereochemical selectivity of amino acid ligands. The dense MOF scaffold effectively increases the specific surface area and ligand loading capacity of the stationary phase, thereby facilitating efficient Zn(II)-mediated ternary complexation for chiral recognition. Validating this design, the UiO-66-NH-L-Arg@capillary column achieved baseline separation for seven pairs of Dns-D,L-AAs, with resolution factors reaching up to 2.56. The column exhibited satisfactory repeatability and good operational stability. Furthermore, the practicability of this method was demonstrated by its successful application in the kinetic monitoring of L-alanine dehydrogenase, providing a robust micro-separation tool for precise bioanalysis.
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Journal of Advanced Research
·
2026
·
IF 17.1
Junyan Zhuang,Ye Chen,Yi Zhang,Yongrui Hai,Renming Fan,Jiarui Dou,Xintong Lu,Wenhui Wang,Bingjie Zhang,Zhuang Hou,Lei Liang,Yang Liu,Gaofei Wei
Introduction Glutamine is a key nutrient that supports tumor cell metabolism, biosynthesis, and proliferation. It also shapes the tumor microenvironment and modulates cell death pathways. Glutamine antagonists have emerged as effective therapeutic agents by both disrupting tumor energy metabolism and enhancing antitumor immune responses. However, recent evidence reveals a paradoxical effect: glutamine deprivation can induce PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, facilitating immune escape and reducing the efficacy of immunotherapies. Objectives This study aims to overcome the immune evasion triggered by glutamine deprivation by developing a dual-functional therapeutic strategy that enhances metabolic stress while simultaneously inhibiting PD-L1 expression. The ultimate goal is to strengthen antitumor immunity and improve therapeutic outcomes. Methods We designed and synthesized a novel prodrug, HB023, by covalently linking a glutamine metabolism inhibitor with JQ1, a well-characterized PD-L1 inhibitor. We evaluated the effects of HB023 on tumor cell pyroptosis, energy metabolism, PD-L1 expression, T cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and macrophage polarization using a combination of in vitro cell-based assays and in vivo tumor models. Results HB023 significantly enhanced glutamine starvation in tumor cells, leading to increased pyroptosis and restricted energy supply. It effectively downregulated PD-L1 expression, which restored T cell cytotoxic activity. Additionally, HB023 induced mitochondrial membrane remodeling in macrophages, promoting M1 polarization and thereby enhancing innate immune responses. These mechanisms cooperatively activated both adaptive and innate antitumor immunity, thereby conferring HB023 with superior antitumor efficacy compared with JQ1, JHU083, or their combination. Conclusion HB023 successfully addresses the challenge of glutamine deprivation-induced immune escape by integrating metabolic inhibition with immune checkpoint blockade. This dual-modulatory approach reprograms the tumor immune microenvironment and improves immunotherapeutic efficacy, representing a promising strategy for advancing cancer treatment.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Feiran Xu,Tong Ji,Yu Wang,Guosheng Xu,Xingguang Chen,Zhaoming Wang,Bao Zhang,Jiansheng Zhao,Baocai Xu
γ-Glutamyl dipeptides (γ-GGDPs) have been implicated be generated by enzymatic action on γ‑glutamyl groups, modulate kokumi sensation of fermented foods via activating calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR). However, their variation and potential formation mechanism in Jinhua ham remain unclear. 10 γ-GGDPs (γ-EA, γ-ED, γ-EE, γ-EL, γ-EM, γ-EG, γ-EF, γ-EY, γ-EI, γ-EW) in Jinhua ham were quantified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and accumulating significantly during processing ( P < 0.05), with final contents ranging from 0.78 ± 0.01 μg/g (γ-EW) to 24.75 ± 0.33 μg/g (γ-EA). Sensory evaluation confirmed these γ-GGDPs enhanced the kokumi, saltiness, and umami of Jinhua ham during the post-ripening periods. Mechanistic investigation indicated that γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) transfer and hydrolytic activities increased progressively to 9.11 ± 0.17 U/mg and 12.19 ± 0.40 U/mg, respectively, which corroborated GGT's role in driving γ-GGDPs formation by catalyzing the transfer of γ-glutamyl groups to free amino acids (FAAs) generated by endogenous enzymes in Jinhua ham. Further validation via a ternary reaction system (comprising FAAs, γ-glutamyl donors, and GGT extracted from Jinhua ham) confirmed this GGT-catalyzed transfer reaction for γ-GGDPs biosynthesis. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the potential formation mechanisms of γ-GGDPs in Jinhua ham and regulation of Kokumi sensation in fermented foods.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Chenyan Lu,Dajie Zou,Ning Zhang,Huye Li,Yanyan Jia,Huan Wang
In this study, the hexane extract of Asters tataricus was used as the carbon source, and ethylenediamine and 4-bromophenylene diamine were selected as dopants to prepare nitrogen and bromine co-doped carbon dots (N,Br-CDs) by the hydrothermal synthesis method. The obtained fluorescent probe has a uniform particle size distribution, good water solubility and high stability, with a fluorescence quantum yield of 48.43%. Under 420 nm excitation conditions, N,Br-CDs exhibited the strongest fluorescence emission at 513 nm, indicating that the sensing system was in the “ON” state. Subsequently, TA was introduced as a quencher to induce static quenching of the N,Br-CDs system, significantly weakening the fluorescence intensity and switching the sensing system from “ON” to “OFF”. Finally, after EM was introduced into the N,Br-CDs/TA system, EM preferentially formed a complex with TA and weakened its quenching effect on the quantum dots, thereby achieving fluorescence recovery and returning the sensing system from the “OFF” state to the “ON” state. Based on the above mechanism, an “ON-OFF-ON” fluorescence sensing system with N,Br-CDs as the luminescent substrate was constructed for the sensitive detection of TA and EM. The results showed that the system exhibited good linear response to TA, with the linear ranges being 1.50–22.94 μM and 34.88–348.42 μM, respectively, and the limits of detection being 0.2168 μM and 2.1797 μM, respectively (LOD, S/N = 3). The linear range for EM was 1.93–377.08 μM, with a detection limit of 0.6693 μM. Furthermore, the sensor system was capable of quantitatively determining TA and EM in human serum, Huangshui River water, and milk matrices, demonstrating its potential for broad application in environmental monitoring and bioanalysis.
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