Energy Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 3
·期 6
·N
·
IF 0
Yuelin Kong,Lixia Yuan,Yaqi Liao,Yudi Shao,Shuaipeng Hao,Yunhui Huang
Given the fast-growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and the upcoming climax of LIB retirement, efficient recycling of spent LIBs has shown increasing importance in both economic benefit and environmental conservation. The LIBs with LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes account for half of the LIB market, so developing an appropriate recycling way for spent LFP (SLFP) batteries is imperative. In this work, a closed-loop regeneration of SLFP cathodes is proposed, in which a facile cold stimulation route is invented to peel the SLFP layer from Al foil, and then Li and Fe elements are selectively and efficiently extracted from the peeling SLFP layer under mild conditions based on an oxidant of NaClO. The leaching rate of elemental Li could reach 98.3%, and the regenerated LFP synthesized by recovered Li2CO3 and FePO4 shows exceptional performance with a discharge capacity of 162.6 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C. This regeneration route has greatly reduced the use of chemical reagents, shortened the process of impurity removal, and, therefore, realized the closed-loop regeneration of SLFP batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2020
·Vol. 45
·期 4
·6426-6435
·
IF 3.741
Yuhan Qiang,Lei Zhang,Shaofeng Shao,Jingfa Li
Summary The photo-responsive capability of lithium battery materials is a prerequisite to realize new-generation light-weight photo-rechargeable batteries. However, the photo-charging property is not available for common battery electrode materials such as LiFePO 4 . In this manuscript, we provide evidence that the halide perovskite material CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 is able to activate the photo-charging properties of the lithium-ion battery electrode material LiFePO 4 . The photoelectrochemical measurement demonstrates that the photo-responsive property of the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /LiFePO 4 composite is significantly improved; the photo-induced signals are neither observed in the individual halide perovskite nor the lithium battery material tested under the same condition. The first-principles calculations reveal strong interactions between the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 layer and the LiFePO 4 layer via the coordination between the Lewis acid and Lewis base species; this forms a heterostructure that assists the photo-charging process. We propose that the combination of halide perovskite materials and lithium battery electrode materials is a viable way to achieve light-weight photo-batteries. Suggestions to address the stability and voltage issues of the halide perovskite-based hybrid systems toward the photo-battery application are provided. This study facilitates the fundamental understanding of the integrated photo-rechargeable battery materials and highlights the importance of halide perovskite materials for the lithium-ion and photo-rechargeable batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
·
光电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·3193
·
IF 3.623
Tu Lan,Xiaolong Guo,De Li,Yong Chen
The memory effect of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) was first discovered in LiFePO4, but its origin and dependence are still not clear, which is essential for regulating the memory effect. In this paper, a home-made spray drying device was used to successfully synthesize LiFePO4with an average particle size of about 1 μm, and we studied the influence of spray drying temperature on the memory effect of LiFePO4in LIBs. The results showed that the increasing of spray drying temperature made the memory effect of LiFePO4strengthen from 1.3 mV to 2.9 mV, while the capacity decreased by approximately 6%. The XRD refinement and FTIR spectra indicate that the enhancement of memory effect can be attributed to the increment of Li–Fe dislocations. This work reveals the dependence of memory effect of LiFePO4on spray drying temperature, which will guide us to optimize the preparation process of electrode materials and improve the management system of LIBs.Keywords:LiFePO4;spray drying method;memory effect;cathode materials
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2021
·
IF 5.316
Ming Jin,Rui Gao,Guiru Sun,Haibo Li,Xiangxin Xue,Chaoqun Qu,Nan Li,Yuting Zhang,Zhao Wang,Ming Feng
Lithium sulfide (Li 2 S) compounds as cathode materials for Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery have attracted more and more attention recently because of its high specific capacity, lower volume expansion and higher thermal stability of Li 2 S. However, high electrochemical barrier of the Li 2 S cathode and “shuttle effect” from S species on anode still block the development of Li-S batteries. Herein, LiFePO 4 (LFP) is employed as dual-function separator modifier to establish hybrid cathode. The modified separator will reduce overpotential for effective and durable sulfur redox reactions at the same time, it can also efficiently immobilize the lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) through the Lewis acid-base interaction of LiPSs and LFP. The battery systems based on the as-developed LFP modified separator exhibit an excellent rate capability, high sulfur utilization and outstanding cycling performance. The capacity retention can reach 83.9% after 400 cycles at 0.2 C, and the capacity can reach 594 mAh g −1 at up to 2 C. Current facile and low-cost strategy to modified Li-S battery systems on one hand offers an effective pathway to enhance electrochemical performance, on the other hand inspire new strategies on reducing the activation barrier of Li 2 S for improved sulfur electrochemistry as well.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2022
·Vol. 74
·期 5
·1934-1944
·
IF 2.597
Liu Peiwen,Fei Zitong,Zhang Yingjie,Dong Peng,Meng Qi,Yang Xi
Developing a green and efficient approach for recovering Li from cathode materials is important in recycling spent LiFePO 4 batteries. A facile and efficient oxidation process was developed to selectively recover Li from spent LiFePO 4 batteries. The common oxidant NaClO was used to avoid using acid or alkali in the leaching process. The leaching rate of Li reached 99.8% under the selective optimal leaching conditions of 0.54 mol/l NaClO, leaching time 60 min, leaching temperature 60°C and solid–liquid ratio 1 g/l. The high leaching efficiency can be ascribed to the combination of oxidability and high pH value of the NaClO solution. Meanwhile, leaching and precipitation were carried out simultaneously in this process, which promoted the leaching reaction. High performance LiFePO 4 /C was resynthesized using the recovered products. The specific capacity of the first discharge at 1 C was 147.1 mAh/g and the capacity retention rate at 1 C was 97.55% after 200 cycles. The oxidation approach is acid free and has low energy consumption for green recovery of spent LiFePO 4 batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Bingnan Song,Wei Chen,Ying Pu,Weiquan Li,Zhengshuo Zhan,Haisheng Fang,Yang Lei
Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater offers a sustainable solution for mitigating pollution and securing resources for applications like lithium-ion batteries, where ferric phosphate is a valuable precursor. This study evaluates iron electrolysis for P removal and recovery from acidic wastewater with high phosphate concentrations and medium Ca²⁺ levels. The results suggested that effective P removal and high-purity iron phosphate production can be achieved by varying initial pH, current density, and oxidation conditions. Importantly, slow Fe release rates (0.02–0.04 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) favored ferric phosphate formation (71%–77% removal), while faster rates (0.16–0.46 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) predominantly produced vivianite (∼65% removal). In addition, air flush can enhance dissolved oxygen flux, achieving 89% P removal under rapid Fe release but with mixed products. H₂O₂ addition improved in situ Fe(II) oxidation, achieving 92% P removal and purer ferric phosphate. Compared to chemical precipitation, which required pH adjustment and suffered from Ca co-precipitation, iron electrolysis produced purer ferric phosphate directly, without pH pre-adjustment. The recovered ferric phosphate showed excellent potential as a precursor for high-performance LiFePO₄/C cathode material. These findings position iron electrolysis as a promising approach for sustainable P recovery and resource valorization from wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
电化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2017
·
IF 7.504
Jianfeng Jia,Chuhao Tan,Mengchuang Liu,De Li,Yong Chen
In Li-ion batteries, memory effect has been found in several commercial two-phase materials as a voltage bump and a step in the (dis)charging plateau, which delays the two-phase transition and influences the estimation of the state of charge. Although memory effect has been first discovered in olivine LiFePO4, the origination and dependence are still not clear and are critical for regulating the memory effect of LiFePO4. Herein, LiFePO4 has been synthesized by a home-built spray drying instrument, of which the memory effect has been investigated in Li-ion batteries. For as-synthesized LiFePO4, the memory effect is significantly dependent on the relaxation time after phase transition. Besides, the voltage bump of memory effect is actually a delayed voltage overshooting that is overlaid at the edge of stepped (dis)charging plateau. Furthermore, we studied the kinetics of LiFePO4 electrode with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which shows that the memory effect is related to the electrochemical kinetics. Thereby, the underlying mechanism has been revealed in memory effect, which would guide us to optimize two-phase electrode materials and improve Li-ion battery management systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Processes
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·1478
·
IF 2.8
Chao Liang,Nengwu Zhu,Fei Li,Pengfei Zhang,Pingxiao Wu,Yaxi Hu
LiFePO4(LFP) batteries are among the earliest commercialized and most discarded lithium-ion batteries. Although existing recovery technologies focus on the conversion of LiFePO4to Li2CO3, challenges associated with achieving near-full recovery and high-value products remain. This study proposes a strategy for the conversion of spent LiFePO4to LiF by mechanical chlorination coupled with a fluorination reaction. The optimum conditions were determined to be a ball-to-powder ratio (BPR) = 15, NH4Cl:LFP = 3, H2O2= 2.0 mL, rotation speed = 600 rpm, and grinding time = 12 h. Results showed that 97.14% Li was converted into LiCl by H2O2–NH4Cl mechanical chlorination. When chlorinated intermediates were immersed in water, FePO4could be harvested, and 96.79% Li could be recovered as LiF with a purity of 99.50% after adding NH4F. When Cl-functionalized renewable resin was used to exchange 99.89% F−, 0.63 g NH4Cl per litre of LiF conversion residual liquid was derived. The favourable results were attributed to the1O2generated by H2O2, which had a strong electron affinity to break Li–O bonds and provided superior conditions for the combination of Li and Cl. During fluorination, the formation of LiF reduced the ion concentration, and the entropy decreased, contributing to the spontaneous reaction. Therefore, the proposed method paves the way for near-full recovery and high-value products of spent LiFePO4.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Jun Ma,Ziyang Xu,Tianshun Yao,Zhe Chen,Xin Liu,Quan Sun,Yachao Jin,Li Song,Ming-Dao Zhang
Waste LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries can be harmful to the environment and lead to waste of resources if not properly disposed of. In this study, an efficient and environmentally friendly method for solid-phase recycling waste LFP cathode material (W-LFP) is proposed. Most of the impurities in the W-LFP are removed by air firing. The regenerated LFP is then obtained by adding lithium carbonate and triethanolamine for repair during heat treatment. The addition of triethanolamine converts Fe3+ to Fe2+ and also allows the formation of an N-doped modified carbon layer on the surface of the LFP particles, which improves the electrochemical properties of the regenerated material. Physical characterization and electrochemical tests are used to investigate the attenuation and regeneration mechanism of LFP. The regenerated LFP possesses a high specific discharge capacity (152.87 mAh g–1 at 0.2 C), which is about 95.32% of the commercial LFP, and the capacity retention rate is 88.52% after 600 cycles at 1 C. It is worth noting that we do not use solvents such as acids and alkalis in the regeneration process, thus avoiding the generation of large quantities of acid and alkaline waste liquids, which is friendly to the environment. This solid-phase regeneration process offers a promising method for the future recycling of used LFP batteries because of its simplicity, environmental friendliness, and high efficiency.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Yichao Tong,Changlei Qin,Xianqing Zhu,Zongze Lv,Xin Huang,Jie Chen
Renewable energy and electric vehicles are well-acknowledged strategies for reducing CO2 emissions, and their development relies heavily on the core of energy storage systems using lithium-ion batteries. However, recycling of lithium-ion batteries is far from mature, and massive abandonment of spent batteries would lead to severe environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the shortage of lithium resources brought about by the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries, especially LiFePO4, significantly drives up the preparation cost of Li4SiO4 as a promise sorbent and greatly limits its application as a CO2 capture scheme. Hence, a strategy is urgently needed to alleviate the lithium resource contradiction between energy storage and CO2 mitigation. Herein, we report a novel concept in recycling spent LiFePO4 battery to prepare high-efficiency and low-cost Li4SiO4 sorbents for CO2 capture. The obtained Li4SiO4 sorbents demonstrate very stable CO2 capacities of 0.27–0.28 g/g in a typical test up to 80 cycles, a leading level in CO2 capture, while the cost is only 1/6 of the conventional preparation process. It suggests that the concept of recycling spent LiFePO4 for CO2 capture has broad implications on resource utilization of energy waste and the mitigation of CO2 emissions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Meiting Huang,Zhihao Wang,Haitao Yang,Liming Yang,Kechun Chen,Haoxuan Yu,Chenxi Xu,Yingying Guo,Penghui Shao,Liang Chen,Xubiao Luo
The direct regeneration method, recognized for its cost-effectiveness, has garnered considerable attentions in the field of battery recycling. In this study, a novel direct regeneration strategy is proposed to repair spent LiFePO 4 (S-LFP) cathodes without the need for impurity removal. Instead, the residual conductive carbon and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in S-LFP are employed as inherent reductive agents. Systematic characterization and analysis reveal that the failure of S-LFP primarily originates from a substantial loss of Li + and the conversion of LiFePO 4 to FePO 4 . Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that both residual conductive carbon and PVDF play positive roles in promoting the regeneration of S-LFP through distinct mechanisms. As a result, the regenerated LFP exhibits significant recovery in crystal structure and chemical composition as compared to S-LFP, which leads to notably improved lithium storage performance. Furthermore, to further enhance the lithium storage property, a specific amount of glucose (10 %) is introduced during the regeneration of S-LFP, yielding a regenerated product that performs comparably to commercial LFP. Clearly, our approach, in contrast to traditional regeneration methods, maximizes the utilization of residual impurities within S-LFP, resulting in effective regeneration of S-LFP, thereby proving both informative and cost-effective.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2025
·
IF 2.6
Liu Jian,Cheng Wei,Tian Shifu,Tang Liming,Tang Zhipeng,Wang Binbin,Li Chunsun,Jin Yuran,Wang Ming,Li Yuanyuan,Liu Xiangjun,Wang Ji
The recycling of spent LiFePO 4 is of great significance for the sustainable development of the battery industry and environmental protection. In this paper, a multifunctional organic lithium salt was used to repair spent LiFePO 4 in one step. As an inexpensive organic lithium salt, lithium ascorbate can not only serve as a Li supplement but also as a carbon source, achieving both Li supplementation and carbon coating simultaneously. The reducibility of lithium ascorbate can reduce Fe 3+ in spent LiFePO 4 to Fe 2+ , reducing the concentration of Li/Fe anti-side defects. At the same time, lithium ascorbate can also be used as a carbon source to realize carbon coating on spent LiFePO 4 in annealing engineering to improve its conductivity. The R-LFP displays a discharge capacity of 154 mAh g −1 at 0.5 C, compared to 130 mAh g −1 for S-LFP. After 450 cycles, R-LFP retains 91.3% of its capacity, outperforming S-LFP at 80.3%. The method can repair the spent LiFePO 4 through a simple one-step annealing method, which has a short process, high efficiency, and large application prospects.
研究领域:
电池回收
·
材料科学
·
电化学
·
环境保护
·
可持续发展
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）