RSC Advances
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 17
·15187
·
IF 6.1
Jiajia Yang,Ruihua Chen,Huan Zhang,Ruonan Wang,Zhifeng Zhang
Elucidating the phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at the primary tissue level is essential for a comprehensive assessment of their ecotoxicological risks. This study systematically investigated the phytotoxic mechanisms of polyethyleneimine-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@PEI) on plant primary roots using rice ( Oryza sativa L.) primary roots as an experimental model through integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Exposure to AgNPs@PEI induced concentration-dependent growth inhibition, with a 10 mg L −1 treatment causing a 44% reduction in root length, a 50% decrease in biomass, and a 28.3% shortening of the root meristematic zone, accompanied by abnormal root hair development and cap detachment. Physiological assessments revealed significant disturbances in root vitality and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, and CAT). Transcriptomic profiling identified significant downregulation (fold change > 2) of genes involved in nine key metabolic pathways, most notably phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, aromatic amino acid (phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan) biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism. Metabolomic analysis revealed concomitant disruptions in seven essential pathways, particularly those involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. These transcriptomic and metabolic alterations collectively impaired cell wall lignification through suppression of the phenylpropanoid pathway and compromised membrane integrity via dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism. This research elucidates the phytotoxic effects of AgNPs from a primary plant tissue perspective, providing novel evidence for understanding nanomaterial–plant interactions at the tissue level. Elucidating the phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at the primary tissue level is essential for a comprehensive assessment of their ecotoxicological risks.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2017
·
IF 5.099
Biying Wu,Lizhong Zhu,X. Chris Le
The wide occurrence and high environmental concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO 2 ) have raised concerns about their potential toxic effects on crops. In this study, we employed a GC-MS-based metabolomic approach to investigate the potential toxicity of nano-TiO 2 on hydroponically-cultured rice ( Oryza sativa L.) after exposed to 0, 100, 250 or 500 mg/L of nano-TiO 2 for fourteen days. Results showed that the biomass of rice was significantly decreased and the antioxidant defense system was significantly disturbed after exposure to nano-TiO 2 . One hundred and five identified metabolites showed significant difference compared to the control, among which the concentrations of glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, succinic and isocitric acid were increased most, while the concentrations of sucrose, isomaltulose, and glyoxylic acid were decreased most. Basic energy-generating ways including tricarboxylic acid cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway, were elevated significantly while the carbohydrate synthesis metabolism including starch and sucrose metabolism, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were inhibited. However, the biosynthetic formation of most of the identified fatty acids, amino acids and secondary metabolites which correlated to crop quality, were increased. The results suggest that the metabolism of rice plants is distinctly disturbed after exposure to nano-TiO 2 , and nano-TiO 2 would have a mixed effect on the yield and quality of rice.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
·
2022
·
IF 6.028
Wenxiao Zhang,Haiou Wang,Qian Bai,Xintong Li
To understand uptake and accumulation process of organophosphate esters (OPEs), growth, concentrations of OPEs, and transcript regulation of lipid transporters in rice seedlings were investigated under six OPE congeners exposures. The increase of seedlings’ growth and accumulation of OPEs in plants were observed. Root concentration factors (RCFs) of aryl-OPEs were the highest in consistent with their strong hydrophobicity, indicating that they were more liable to be accumulated in roots. Meanwhile, shoot/root concentration factors (SRCFs) of halogenated alkyl-OPEs were the highest in accordance with their low hydrophobicity, implying that they were easily translocated to shoots. Lipid transporters involved in uptake and accumulation of OPEs, evidence from the transcript responses of their lipid transporters. Moreover, the only positive relationship between OsTIL expressions and accumulation of OPEs demonstrated the dominant role of OsTIL among the investigated transporters. In addition, although all of OPE congeners could be docked into active cavities of OsTIL with varied markedly binding affinities, hydrophobicity OPEs performed stronger binding energy with OsTIL after homology modeling and molecular docking analysis. Therefore, uptake and accumulation of OPEs were corporately charged by OPEs’ physicochemical properties and lipid carrier transports in coincidence with the experimental observation about accumulation of OPEs in roots and shoots.
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PLoS One
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·e0195754
·
IF 2.766
Yongsheng Zhu,Hanju Sun,Shudong He,Qiuyan Lou,Min Yu,Mingming Tang,Lijun Tu
Anthocyanins are naturally active substances. In this study, anthocyanins from black rice were obtained by membrane filtration and column chromatography separation. Five anthocyanin monomers in black rice extract were identified by HPLC-MS/MS, and the major anthocyanin monomer (cyanidin-3-glucoside, C3G) was purified by preparative HPLC (Pre-HPLC). The proliferative effects of the anthocyanins on Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were investigated by determining the media pH, bacterial populations and metabolic products. After anaerobic incubation at 37 °C for 48 h, not only the pH of the media containing C3G was lower than that of the extract of black rice anthocyanin (BRAE), but the numbers of both Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were also significantly increased. Furthermore, hydroxyphenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylacetic, and hydroxybenzoic acids and other metabolites were detected by GC-MS in vitro . Our results revealed that the anthocyanins and anthocyanin monomers from black rice had prebiotic activity and they were metabolized into several small molecules by Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Yimei Wang,Shuai Huang,Zongrun Li,Jundan Tong,Yile Sheng,Chun Ye,Weixu Huo,Yafan Zhao,Yanxiu Du,Ting Peng,Jing Zhang
Arsenic (As) contamination severely limits plant growth and poses a significant threat to human health due to its accumulation in crops like rice. Phytochrome B (PhyB) regulates plant development and responses to abiotic stress, but its role in modulating As stress and regulating As accumulation in rice remains unclear. In this study, we examined the physiological and molecular responses of rice phytochrome B ( OsPHYB ) knockout ( OsPHYB -KO) lines compared with wild-type (WT) plants under arsenite [As(III)] stress. Under As(III) exposure for 7 days, OsPHYB -KO seedlings exhibited significantly increased root length (40.42 %-58.08 %), shoot height (7.41 %-9.22 %), and dry biomass (18.88 %-37.41 %) compared with WT. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis showed enhanced photosynthetic efficiency in OsPHYB -KO lines, with significant increases in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII (φPSII). Notably, As concentrations in both shoots and roots of OsPHYB -KO plants were reduced by 39.78 %-51.89 % and 28.26 %-33.79 %, respectively, compared with WT. OsPHYB -KO lines had 25.56 %-55.63 % higher antioxidant enzyme activities and 43.10 %-54.60 % lower malondialdehyde levels, indicating improved tolerance to oxidative stress. Transcriptomic profiling and qRT-PCR revealed upregulation of genes involved in melatonin (MT) biosynthesis and glutathione (GSH) metabolism, with MT content increased by 16.20 %-67.96 % and GSH content elevated by 38.51 %-117.12 % in both roots and shoots of OsPHYB -KO plants. These results demonstrate that OsPHYB plays a crucial role in As(III) detoxification and provide a foundation for developing low-As rice cultivars.
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Agriculture-Basel
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·1247
·
IF 2.925
Haipeng Zhang,Rui Wang,Zhiqing Chen,Peiyuan Cui,Hao Lu,Yanju Yang,Hongcheng Zhang
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been applied widely in agriculture, and many studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of ZnO NPs on plant growth. So far, few studies have been investigated with regard to the potential effect of ZnO NPs on cereal yield formation or Zn content in grains. Herein, we used a pot experiment, which was conducted involving five dosages of Zn (0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, and 4.8 g Zn pot−1), to evaluate the impacts which ZnO NPs made in rice yield, dry matter accumulation, rice quality and grain Zn contents. The results demonstrated that ZnO NPs increased the production of grain, dry matter accumulation and particulate Zn content. Compared with control treatment, ZnO NPs application presented higher rice yield with more panicle number (4.83–13.14%), spikelets per panicle (4.81–10.69%), 1000-grain weight (3.82–6.62%) and filled grain rate (0.28–2.36%). Additionally, the dry jointing, heading and mature periods, LAI, SPAD values, and photosynthetic potentials of ZnO NPs were all significantly higher relative to treatment without ZnO NPs. The more photosynthetic substances and higher dry matter accumulated in the whole rice growing stage resulted in higher rice grain yield. Furthermore, ZnO NPs increased brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalkiness size, chalkiness grain rate, chalkiness degree, amylose content and protein content, improving rice processing and appearance qualities. For the Zn nutrition in rice grain, ZnO NPs application significantly increased the Zn content of edible polished rice and promoted the relocation of Zn from the aleurone layer. This study effectively demonstrated that ZnO NPs could be a potential high-performed fertiliser for enhancing rice yield and quality.Keywords:Zinc oxide nanoparticles;yield formation;rice quality;photosynthetic potential
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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
·
2020
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·1-12
·
IF 4.053
Zhang Yingdan,Liu Na,Wang Wei,Sun Jianteng,Zhu Lizhong
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle (nano-TiO 2 ), as an excellent UV absorbent and photo-catalyst, has been widely applied in modern industry, thus inevitably discharged into environment. We proposed that nano-TiO 2 in soil can promote crop yield through photosynthetic and metabolic disturbance, therefore, we investigated the effects of nano-TiO 2 exposure on related physiologic-biochemical properties of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Results showed that rice biomass was increased >30% at every applied dosage (0.1–100 mg/L) of nano-TiO 2 . The actual photosynthetic rate (Y(II)) significantly increased by 10.0% and 17.2% in the treatments of 10 and 100 mg/L respectively, indicating an increased energy production from photosynthesis. Besides, non-photochemical quenching (Y(NPQ)) significantly decreased by 19.8%–26.0% of the control in all treatments respectively, representing a decline in heat dissipation. Detailed metabolism fingerprinting further revealed that a fortified transformation of monosaccharides (D-fructose, D-galactose, and D-talose) to disaccharides (D-cellobiose, and D-lactose) was accompanied with a weakened citric acid cycle, confirming the decrease of energy consumption in metabolism. All these results elucidated that nano-TiO 2 promoted rice growth through the upregulation of energy storage in photosynthesis and the downregulation of energy consumption in metabolism. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of the stress-response hormesis of rice after exposure to nano-TiO 2 , and provides worthy information on the potential application and risk of nanomaterials in agricultural production.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Youming Dong,Qiongli Bao,Minling Gao,Weiwen Qiu,Zhengguo Song
Although the compound pollution of microplastics and arsenic (As) in paddy soil can affect the growth and quality of rice, relevant research on this phenomenon was limited. Therefore, we combined a pot experiment with computational chemistry to explore the effects and mechanism of polystyrene (PSMP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microplastics on As bioavailability. PSMP and PTFE interacted with rice root exudates through van der Waals forces, approached the rice root system, inhibited root activity, reduced the relative abundance of Geobacteria and Anaeromyxobacter , and consequently reduced the iron plaques on the root surfaces. Consequently, As uptake by the rice was inhibited. PSMP and PTFE reduced the hemoglobin content by directly destroying its tertiary structure, thereby retarding rice growth. In contrast, As increased the hemoglobin content by inducing reactive oxygen species in rice. Under the influence of PSMP, PTFE, and As, the activities of soluble starch synthase and pyrophosphorylase in rice grains were inhibited, and starch accumulation decreased. Thus, PSMP, PTFE, and As reduced rice biomass and yield owing to their physiological toxicity and adverse impacts on root activity. Grain yields in soil with an As content of 86.3 mg·kg –1 , 0.5% small particle-sized PSMP, and 0.5% small particle-sized PTFE decreased by 30.7%, 20.6%, and 19.4%, respectively, compared to the control. This study determined the comprehensive mechanism through which PSMP and PTFE affect As bioavailability, which is critical for managing rice biomass and low yields in As and microplastic co-contaminated soil.
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Food & Function
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Shuxin Ye,Jiabin Qin,Abel Wend-Soo Zongo,Jing Li,Hongshan Liang,Bin Li
Yangxian black rice, as one of ancient Chinese black rice varieties, is widely planted in Yangxian area of China. This study investigated physicochemical properties, phenolic identification and in vitro digestion profile of Chinese black rice under gradient milling treatment. The chemical composition, color, pasting and thermal properties of black rice with different milling degree were comprehensively compared. In vitro digestion analysis indicated that cooked rice flour had higher rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and lower resistant starch (RS) contents compared with uncooked one. Besides, all cooked black rice samples exhibited high predicted glycemic index (pGI) value and whole black rice showed a lower pGI than refined rice. The microstructure and the abundance of phenolic compounds in the solid matrix during different treatment or digestion stage were observed by CLSM. Furthermore, a total of 102 phenolic constituents were absolute quantified by targeted metabolomics techniques. Methanol extraction and moderate cooking treatment contributed to the release of phenolic compounds from solid matrix of whole black rice. Besides, compared to gastric digestion stage, the transition in the intestinal environment caused a decrease in majority of analyzed polyphenols. Identifying the phenolic constituents was favorable to a better elucidation of the chemical basis of function and nutritional value of Chinese black rice.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Yingying Sun,Jie Chen,Wei Wang,Lizhong Zhu
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in agricultural soil often triggered metabolic alterations and phytotoxicity in plants, ultimately threatening crop quality. Unraveling the phytotoxic mechanisms of POPs in crops is critical for evaluating their environmental risks. Herein, the molecular mechanism of POP-induced phytotoxicity in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) was analyzed using metabolic profile, enzyme activity , and gene expression as linkages, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polybrominated diphenyl ethers , polychlorinated biphenyls, and phthalate esters. Despite no observable changes in phenotypic traits (e.g., biomass and length of aboveground), the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were promoted under stresses of the tested POPs, particularly 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Metabolomics analysis revealed that ROS contents positively correlated with metabolic perturbation levels ( r = 0.83), among which the galactose metabolism was significantly inhibited when exposed to DBP, DEHP, or BDE-47. The α-Galactosidase (α-Gal) involved in galactose metabolism was targeted as the key enzyme for the phytotoxicity of DBP, DEHP, and BDE-47, which was revealed by the inhibition of saccharide levels (45.5−82.1%), the catalytic activity of α-Gal (18.5−24.3%), and the gene expression (28.5−34.5%). Molecular docking simulation suggested that the three POPs occupied the active sites of α-Gal and formed a stable protein-ligand complex, thus inhibiting the catalytic activity of α-Gal. Partial least-squares regression analysis indicated that α-Gal activity was negatively associated with hydrogen bond acceptor, rotatable bond, and topological polar surface area of POPs. The results offered novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of phytotoxicity of POPs and provided important information for evaluating the environmental risk of POPs.
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Journal of Chemistry
·
2019
·
IF 1.727
Yuchao Feng,TianXin Fu,Liyuan Zhang,Changyuan Wang,Dongjie Zhang
The analytical method for the metabolomics of the 60 rice seeds from two main rice origins in Heilongjiang Province was developed based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrum. The specific differential metabolites between two rice origins were identified, and the distinguish of the two main origins was illustrated by using the R software platform with XCMS software package for gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrum data processing, combined with multivariate statistical analysis software. The result indicated that the 173 peaks were detected, and 54 of which were structurally identified, covering amino acids, aliphatic acid, sugar, polyols, and so on. By comparing the data of Wuchang and Jiansanjiang origins, it was found that there were 9 special metabolites in Wuchang origin and 8 special metabolites in Jiansanjiang origin. The 10 differential metabolites with significant changes (, VIP ≥ 1) were filtrated. It is indicated that the differential metabolites of rice carry information of their origin and there are the differences in the metabolites of rice in two main origins. The proposed method is expected to be useful for the metabolomic researches of rice.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.714
Halah Aalim,Tarun Belwal,Lei Jiang,Hao Huang,Xianghe Meng,Zisheng Luo
The purpose of this investigation was to explore aqueous glycerol as food grade solvent for rice bran polyphenolic antioxidants extraction and investigate the antidiabetic and antiglycation potential of the extract and its major polyphenols. Response surface methodology (Box-Behnken design) was implemented to optimize experimental conditions for rice bran polyphenols and antioxidants extraction. The optimum conditions provided a very satisfactory outcome in total polyphenols (549.6 ± 8.05 mg gallic acid equivalent per 100 g dry weight) and DPPH scavenging activity (57.83 ± 1.8%). The chromatographic separation of the extract showed higher concentrations of ferulic acid, ρ -coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid followed by caffeic acid, syringic acid and rutin. Moreover, the extract inhibited α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase activity as 34.2 ± 3.2%, 29.9 ± 1.0%, and 12.4 ± 2.3%, respectively. Furthermore, fructose readily forms Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) fluorescence with basic amino acids in low concentration in simulated intestinal digestion conditions. The extract inhibited AGEs formation by 52.6% at 20 μL/mL. Our study indicated that the antidiabetic and antiglycation potential of rice bran extract was mainly driven by the extract polyphenols. Rice bran glycerol extract could be employed as a natural antidiabetic and antiglycation remedy, and as economically and eco-friendly source of potent bioactive compounds with satisfactory outcome.
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