Food Bioscience
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2021
·
IF 4.24
Xiaohui Luo,Shaozhen Wu,Jiawen Xue,Hao Hu,Zhiping He,Xingquan Liu,Fenghua Wu
Torreya grandis has been an economic forest crop in China for a long history. The side products of T. grandis oil would cause environmental problems and financial burden. Hydrolyzation of T. grandis meal protein can better utilize T. grandis and reduce its side products. The current study systematically investigated the enzymolysis of T. grandis : Alkaline proteinase was screened from five enzymes ; when degree of hydrolysis at 12%; the hydrolysates exhibited the best antioxidant capacity ; enzymatic model was fitted as DH = 4.55ln[1+(4.29E0/S0-0.07) t)] (DH: degree of hydrolysis); the investigations of amino acid compositions of T. grandis protein and its hydrolysates showed that amino acids supplementary would be necessary to optimize better bioactivity; the results of antioxidant capacity varied due to different dominant factors (i.e., molecular weight, amino acid compositions, peptide structures, etc.); the discrepancy of predict and actual solubilities could be caused by influences of peptide structures; foaming capacity was uncorrelated with molecular weight; low molecular weight of T. grandis protein hydrolysates presented poor foaming stability; emulsifying stability of T. grandis protein hydrolysates was affected more by the hydrophobic amino acid composition than molecular weight. This comprehensive study and investigated processes are useful that can be utilized to different natural product developments (including T. grandis ).
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Food & Function
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 23
·10520-10534
·
IF 6.1
Jiachen Ma,Tian Yuan,Yuqi Gao,Xiaoming Zeng,Zhigang Liu,Jinming Gao
The oil of Torreya grandis (TGO), a common nut in China, is considered to be a bioactive edible oil and has a great value in functional food development. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of TGO were investigated on a scopolamine (SCOP)-induced C57BL/6J mouse model. The mice were pretreated with TGO for 30 days (1000 mg per kg per day and 3000 mg per kg per day, i.g.). Behavioral tests showed that the supplementation of TGO could prevent the cognitive deficits induced by SCOP. TGO rebalanced the disorder of the cholinergic system by upgrading the level of acetylcholine. TGO also alleviated the over-activation of microglia and inhibited neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, TGO could regulate the composition of gut microbiota, increase the production of short-chain fatty acids, and decrease the content of lipopolysaccharides in the serum. In conclusion, TGO has the potential to prevent loss of memory and impairment of cognition, which may be related to its regulation of the gut microbiota–metabolite–brain axis.
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FITOTERAPIA
·
2025
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IF 2.6
Jinlong Yu,Boan Yao,Fangyao Su,Zhengmao Liao,Yongguo Liu,Baoguo Sun,Hongyu Tian,Sen Liang
This study chemically characterized three Torreya grandis ( T. grandis ) essential oil samples provided by Zhengmao Ecological Agriculture Development Co. (Hubei, China), obtained through their standardized steam distillation of: (1) fresh arils, (2) dried arils, and (3) combined leaves/twigs. GC–MS analysis identified 107 terpenoid compounds, with limonene (210.96–328.05 mg/mL) and α -pinene (131.30–237.40 mg/mL) as dominant constituents. Five secondary components ( β -pinene, 3-carene, β -myrcene, terpinolene, δ -cadinene) consistently occurred at 10–100 mg/mL. Chiral resolution demonstrated enantiomeric specificity: (−)- α -pinene showed tissue-dependent enrichment (78 % ee in arils vs. 29 % in leaves/twigs), whereas ( R )-(+)-limonene maintained near-enantiopurity (∼96 % ee) across all samples. Isolation and optical rotation analysis confirmed (+)-torreyol in leaf/twig oils. Bioactivity assessments revealed concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging up to 89 % at 100 mg/mL) and selective antibacterial effects, with aril oils exhibiting strong inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) (30.16 mm zone) but limited activity against Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), though less potent than BHT (IC 50 40.73–64.77 mg/mL vs. 94 μg/mL). The distinct enantiomeric patterns and abundant bioactive terpenoids highlight T. grandis essential oils as sustainable, high-value ingredients for flavor/fragrance industries, motivating further research into their biosynthetic regulation and commercial optimization.
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Biomed Research International
·
2018
·Vol. 2018
·期 1
·5314320
·
IF 2.583
Hong-Xin Cui,Fang-Fang Duan,Shan-Shan Jia,Fang-Rong Cheng,Ke Yuan
Torreya grandis Fort. ex Lindl. is a plant belonging to the Taxaceae family and Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii is the only grafted and thoroughbred species belonging to this species. In this study, we extracted five different seed oils, including T. grandis seed oil (TGSO), T. grandis “Xiangyafei” seed oil (XYSO), T. grandis “Zhimafei” seed oil (ZMSO), T. grandis “Majus”seed oil (TGMSO), and T. grandis “cunguangfei” seed oil (CGSO) using physical pressure. The resulting extracts were analyzed to determine their fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase. The results of the antioxidant activity assays revealed that XYSO and ZMSO exhibited much greater DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power than TGSO. Notably, all five of the seed oils showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase. XYSO and TGSO gave the highest activities of all of the seed oils tested in the current study against monophenolase and diphenolase, with IC 50 values of 227.0 and 817.5 μ g/mL, respectively. The results of this study show that wild TGSOs exhibit strong antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition activities. These results therefore suggest that wild TGSOs could be used as a potential source of natural antioxidant agents and tyrosinase inhibitors.
研究领域:
植物化学
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食品科学
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药用植物学
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生物活性成分
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天然产物化学
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Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Rabia Durrani,Sun Yutian,Hou Bowen,Hammad Ullah,Erwann Durand,Yang Meiyun,Long Yiyang,André Delavault,Muhammad Yasir,Huan Weiwei,Gao Fei,Song Lili
Plant-derived bioactive peptides have drawn increasing attention in the field of nutrition and food science due to their biological activities, low cost, safety, and ease of industrial production. Functional peptides from Torreya grandis are being investigated due to their potential as dietary supplements. This study focuses on T. grandis nut peptides that regulate LIPID-II inhibitor in mice fed a high-fat diet. Proteome analysis identified a Vicilin -like antimicrobial peptide involved in host defense. 16S rRNA Sequencing revealed alteration in gut microbiota with T. grandis administration as manifested by increased Akkermansia and Parabacteroides concurrently by decreased Firmicutes . Beneficial bacteria i.e., Akkermansia improved intestinal functions and increased levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). T. grandis supplementation in HFD mice reduced body weight, TC, TG, LDL, and decreased inflammation, while reducing oxidative stress and increasing HDL in the model group fed a high-fat diet. Lipid droplets in liver, muscles, and blood vessels were highly reduced, evoked by the high peptide group. Transcriptome analysis highlighted lipid regulation via the PPAR-α pathway, with molecular docking revealing 4 potential lipid II inhibitory peptides. These findings suggested T. grandis as a promising supplement in food and a key nut for nutraceutical purposes.
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Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants
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2016
·
IF 0.313
Yong-Jie Yu,Sui Ni,Fan Wu,Wei-Guo Sang
This study was to investigate the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of essential oils extracted from Torreya grandis cv. merrillii arils by hydro-distillation. Eighty six compounds, accounting for 96.39% of the essential oil, were identified by GC-MS. The essential oil contained 42 sesquiterpenoids (68.91%), 25 monoterpenoids (14.52%), 14 diterpenoids (12.39%), 3 ester (0.35%), 1 aliphatic ketones (0.04 %), and 1 aliphatic aldehyde (0.18%). The major components of the oil were Δ-cadinene, germacrene D, limonene, β-farnesene, cembrene, and α-pinene. Antioxidant activities of the essential oil was determined by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay (IC50=17.13 mg/ml), β-carotene/ linoleic acid bleaching method (IC50=22.48 mg/ml), and thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay (IC50=13.48 mg/ml). These various antioxidant activities were compared with synthetic antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene and acorbic acid). Restults revealed that the essential oil possessed strong antioxidant activity, suggesting that the arils of Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii could be a bio-resource for an essential oil with antioxidant activity.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.8
Abel Wend-Soo Zongo,Kaili Gao,Xiaohua Nie,Yuanchao Lu,Jose Manuel Lorenzo,Ningxiang Yu,Xianghe Meng
pH and temperature influence the gelation behavior of TGNP. • Alkaline (pH 10) conditions enhance solubility and favor gel formation • Gels formed at pH 10 under heating (95 °C) exhibit high viscosity and gel strength • Gelation is primarily driven by hydrophobic interaction and disulfide cross-linking Understanding the gelation behavior of novel plant protein under varying pH and temperature conditions is crucial for designing food systems with tailored texture, stability, and functional properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of pH and temperature on the aggregation behavior and heat-induced gelation of TGNP. The results showed that TGNP gelation was strongly influenced by both pH and heating temperature. Near the isoelectric point (pH 4), the protein exhibited minimal solubility (8%) and large particle size (>3000 nm) due to extensive aggregation, conditions that were unfavorable for the formation of a well-developed gel network. In contrast, strongly acidic (pH 2), neutral (pH 7), and alkaline (pH 10) conditions improved protein solubility (62%, 81% and 89%, respectively) and reduced particle sizes (400–900 nm), promoting better molecular dispersion and facilitating heat-induced gelation. Alkaline conditions particularly enhanced protein unfolding, exposing buried hydrophobic residues and sulfhydryl groups, which promoted hydrophobic interactions and disulfide cross-linking. These interactions resulted in the formation of the strongest and most stable heat-induced gels. Rheological analysis further revealed that stable elastic gels with higher viscosity, gel strength, and water-holding capacity were predominantly formed at neutral and alkaline pH, especially after heating at 95 °C. Disulfide bonds and hydrophobic interactions were identified as the primary forces governing TGNP gel network formation, although their relative contributions varied with pH and temperature. Overall, these findings provide new insights into the gelation mechanism of TGNP and highlight its potential as a novel functional protein ingredient for food systems requiring low gelation concentrations. Download: Download high-res image (128KB) Download: Download full-size image
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 7.1
Zeming Chen,Zhenqian Wei,Menghao Du,Haiyan Zhong,Xuezhi Fang
Roasting Chinese torreya ( Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii ) kernels significantly influences the quality of oil. However, the changes of oxidative stability of T. grandis kernel oil are still unclear. Herein, oxidative stability index (OSI) was conducted to investigate the oil obtained at different roasting temperatures (60°C, 90°C, 120°C, and 150°C) and duration (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 minutes). Furthermore, Maillard reaction, antioxidant compounds, microstructure and widely targeted lipidomics analysis were integrated to analyze the changes of kernels and oils roasted at 150°C. Roasting kernels at 150°C for 25 min resulted in the highest oil yield and disrupted the cellular structure, facilitating the release of tocopherols. 150°C, 25 min roasting had a pronounced effect on the lipid composition, particularly on phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and lyso-phosphatidylcholines (LPCs). A total of 26 lipids emerged as potential markers for distinguishing T. grandis kernel oils with varying roasting intensities, primarily associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism. Pearson correlation showed that the increase of tocopherols and LPC (LPC (22:5), P173) may contribute to enhanced OSI (8.13 h). These findings provide new insight into the change mechanism of oxidative stability in T. grandis oil obtained from high-temperature pretreatment.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Kexin Liu,Jiajun Cui,Ke Xu,Jiaqi Zheng,Yixuan Xiao,Lin Chen,Sha Li,Jiyou Yang,Hongying Guo,Xin Wang,Fei Gao,Jie Li,Weiwei Huan
A novel magnetic nanoplatform integrating online proteolysis and specific affinity enrichment was constructed. • 61 novel ACE inhibitory peptides were efficiently discovered from Torreya grandis protein. • The identified peptide CGDDGY showed significant in vitro ACE inhibitory activity (37.43% at 800 μmol/L). • The strategy provides a generic and efficient approach for screening antihypertensive peptides from food proteins. Although chemically synthesized ACE inhibitors are effective, they frequently cause side effects like cough, hypotension, and angioedema, which limits their use in clinical settings. However, these drawbacks have spurred interest in exploring natural sources for novel ACE inhibitory compounds. In this study, we developed a magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoplatform capable of specifically recognizing ACE inhibitory peptides. This strategy was employed for the specific enrichment peptides with ACE-inhibitory activity derived from Torreya grandis protein digests. Using immobilized enzyme technology combined with computational docking evaluation, 61 peptides exhibiting ACE inhibition were successfully identified, five of which exhibited binding energies below −9 kcal/mol. Among them, CGDDGY showed the highest inhibition rate (37.43% at 800 μmol/L). This method overcomes the limitations of conventional separation approaches based on polarity or molecular weight, providing a promising pathway for developing food-derived antihypertensive agents and a technical paradigm for the precise screening of natural functional factors. Download: Download high-res image (353KB) Download: Download full-size image
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Lu Wang,Yan He,Yingying Zhou,Huiqin Xie,Xin Mei,Jinsong Zhao,Qizhen Du,Peng Jin,Dongchao Xie
Polysaccharide coating protection technology has always been a research hotspot in the field of food preservation. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA), the widely used green polysaccharide was optimized by a free radical mediated method for covalent grafting high antioxidant epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to prepare copolymers (HA-EGCG) and applied to the preservation of Torreya grandis kernels. The physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and application effect of HA-EGCG were investigated. The results found that low-molecular-weight HA (LHA) could obtain a higher grafting rate than high-molecular-weight HA (HHA), reaching 93.5 %. For structural character, the LHA-EGCG showed good stablility, which improved the surface roughness of the edible coating and the addition of EGCG significantly enhanced the antioxidant activities ( p < 0.01). For application effect, LHA-EGCG coating significantly inhibit the change of appearance color, and increase of malonaldehyde, acid value, and peroxide value during long-term storage of T. grandis kernels, and could maintain its flavor to prolong quality retention. Collectively, the edible coating of HA grafted EGCG significantly prolong the quality of the kernel and has broad application potential in the field of food preservation.
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Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·840
·
IF 4.7
Jianghui Yao,Enhe Bai,Yanwen Duan,Yong Huang
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ethanol extracts fromTorreya grandisseed (EST) as a functional food in hyperuricemia mice. We investigated EST by analyzing its chemical composition. Using a mouse model of hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonate (PO), we evaluated the effects of EST on uric acid (UA) production, inflammation-related cytokines, and gut microbiota diversity. The primary constituents of EST consist of various flavonoids and phenolic compounds known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro. Notably, our findings demonstrate that EST significantly reduced UA levels in hyperuricemia mice by 71.9%, which is comparable to the effects observed with xanthine treatment. Moreover, EST exhibited an inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase activity in mouse liver, with an IC50value of 20.90 μg/mL (36%). EST also provided protective effects to the mouse kidneys by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation in damaged tissues, while also enhancing UA excretion. Finally, EST influenced the composition of the intestinal microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such asAkkermansia muciniphila,Corynebacterium parvum,Enterorhabdus, Muribaculaceae,Marvinbryantia, andBlautia. In summary, our research unveils additional functions ofTorreya grandisand offers new insights into the future of managing hyperuricemia.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2019
·
IF 4.191
Xianghe Meng,Dan Xiao,Qin Ye,Xiaohua Nie,Jiasheng Wu,Lili Song
In recent years, in concern for human health, increasing attention was focused on sciadonic acid (SA), a unique Δ5-olefinic acid. Torreya grandis ( T. grandis ), a large, evergreen coniferous tree, whose seed yields rare and is known for a high level of SA. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) from the seeds of four different T. grandis varieties (Yuanfei, Xifei, Xiangyafei, and Zhimafei), were analyzed with respect to fatty acid profiles and positional distributions. The results indicated that SA represented the majority of the Δ5-olefinic acids in T. grandis seed oil. Irrespective of the variety, SA was naturally abundant at the sn-3 position of TAGs where they accounted for approximately 7.52%–12.00%. Based on this specific characteristic of Δ5-olefinic acids, T. grandis seed oil was subjected to a two-step enrichment process involving specific lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis and urea complexing. The content of SA in the fatty acid ethyl ester was increased to 80.14% from an initial value of 9.95%. These results suggested that the developed enrichment strategy was simple and effective in concentrating SA, and had the potential for commercial application.
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