Penpaxilloids A (Compound 1) is a non-competitive inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B ( PTP1B ) with an IC 50 value of 8.60 μM. Penpaxilloids A can be isolated from the fungus Penicillium sp. ZYX-Z-143. Penpaxilloids A is also an α-glucosidase ( α-glucosidase ) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.