Phenoloxidase (PO, EC 1.14.18.1), also known as tyrosinase, is an oxidase that contains a copper-binding site. In insects, it is commonly referred to as phenoloxidase. As an important class of immune proteins, it plays a vital role in processes such as insect immune defense, cuticle sclerotization, melanization, and wound healing. Phenoloxidase (PO) catalyzes the oxidation of L-DOPA to produce quinones, which exhibit characteristic light absorption at 490 nm. By measuring the rate of change in absorbance at 490 nm, the activity of the PO enzyme can be determined.