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钾是维持机体正常渗透压及酸碱平衡、参与糖与蛋白质代谢、保证神经肌肉正常功能的重要元素。血清钾高于5.5 mmol/L时称为高血钾，可使神经肌肉应激性增高、心肌应激性降低，导致心动过缓；血清钾超过10 mmol/L时，可发生心室纤颤，甚至心脏在舒张期停跳。血清钾低于3.5 mmol/L时称为低血钾，可引起肌无力甚至弛缓性麻痹，使心肌应激性增高，出现心动过速、心律紊乱，甚至可在收缩期停跳。因此，血清钾是临床常用的生化检测指标。 本试剂盒的测定原理为：血清中钾离子与四苯硼钠作用生成不溶于水的四苯硼钾浊液，其浊度在一定范围内与钾离子浓度呈正比。通过测定浊度变化，即可定量计算血清钾含量。
Potassium is an essential element for maintaining normal osmotic pressure and acid‑base balance in the body, participating in carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and ensuring normal neuromuscular function. A serum potassium level above 5.5 mmol/L is referred to as hyperkalemia, which can increase neuromuscular excitability while decreasing myocardial excitability, leading to bradycardia. When serum potassium exceeds 10 mmol/L, ventricular fibrillation may occur, and even cardiac arrest in diastole. A serum potassium level below 3.5 mmol/L is referred to as hypokalemia, which can cause muscle weakness or even flaccid paralysis, increase myocardial excitability, and result in tachycardia, arrhythmias, and even cardiac arrest in systole. Therefore, serum potassium is a commonly used biochemical parameter in clinical practice. The assay principle of this kit is as follows: Potassium ions in serum react with sodium tetraphenylboron to form a water‑insoluble turbid suspension of potassium tetraphenylboron. The turbidity of the suspension is directly proportional to the potassium ion concentration within a certain range. By measuring the change in turbidity, the serum potassium content can be quantitatively calculated.
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