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TH位于线粒体的内膜上，又称为呼吸电子传递链复合体六，催化NADH+NADP⁺和NAD⁺+NADPH相互转化。催化正向反应称为TH-1。线粒体NADH含量增加时会导致线粒体膜的H+电化学梯度升高，因而促进了电子传递链上ROS的产生。TH-1促进NADH转换为NADPH，从而提高线粒体的抗氧化能力。 测定原理：NADH和NADPH均在340nm有特征吸收，因此TH催化的转氢反应不能导致340nm吸光度发生变化。用人工合成底物3-乙酰吡啶腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（APADP⁺）替代NADP⁺，TH-1催化APADP⁺还原生成的APADPH在375nm有特征光吸收，因此通过测定375nm光吸收增加速率，来计算TH-1活性。
TH is located on the inner mitochondrial membrane and is also known as respiratory electron transport chain complex VI. It catalyzes the interconversion between NADH + NADP⁺ and NAD⁺ + NADPH. The forward reaction is referred to as TH‑1. An increase in mitochondrial NADH content leads to an elevated H⁺ electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane, thereby promoting ROS production in the electron transport chain. TH‑1 promotes the conversion of NADH to NADPH, thus enhancing the antioxidant capacity of mitochondria. Assay principle: Both NADH and NADPH exhibit characteristic absorption at 340 nm; therefore, the transhydrogenation reaction catalyzed by TH does not cause a change in absorbance at 340 nm. Using the artificial substrate 3-acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (APADP⁺) as a substitute for NADP⁺, TH‑1 catalyzes the reduction of APADP⁺ to APADPH, which has a characteristic absorption peak at 375 nm. Thus, TH‑1 activity is calculated by measuring the rate of increase in absorbance at 375 nm.
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