CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2013
·
IF 3.479
Zhu Xiong,Lisheng Zhang,Songqi Ma,Yong Yang,Chuanzhi Zhang,Zhaobin Tang,Jin Zhu
Blends of entirely bio-sourced polymers, namely polylactide (PLA) and starch, have been melt-compounded by lab-scale co-extruder with castor oil (CO) as a plasticizer. The enrichment of castor oil on starch had great effect on the properties of the blends. If the castor oil was mainly dispersed in PLA matrix, the properties of the blends were poor, but when the hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI) was grafted on starch granules the ready reactions between the hydroxyl on CO and the isocyante on the HDI-grafted starch (HGSTs) brought CO molecules enriched on starch particles. DSC analysis shows that the CO layer on starch has a positive effect on the crystallization of PLA in the ternary blend. The accumulation of CO on starch greatly improves the toughness and impact strength of PLA/starch blends. The grafting content of HDI on the starch granules primarily determined the compatibility and properties of the resulted blends.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.518
Lu Xu,Qianyi Tang,Baijun Liu,Mingyao Zhang
Transparent methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (MABS) resin was prepared by blending the matrix resin with rubber toughened particles. The refractive index of matrix resin was characterized, which proved the transmittance of MABS resin improved with decreasing differences in the two-phase refractive index. Controlling the refractive index of the matrix resin was comparable to that of rubber, increasing acrylonitrile (AN) content in the matrix resin to improve toughening efficiency of the rubber particles to the matrix. When the proportion of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PMMA/SAN) was 71.6/28.4 or the initial weight ratio of MMA/St/AN was 78/16.5/5.5, the MABS resin had an optimal transmittance of 90 %. The AN content of the former was 6.5 %, and the impact strength was 155 J/m. The actual AN content of the latter was 12.5 %, and the impact strength was 172 J/m. Additionally, the refractive index of methacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (MSAN) decreased with increasing monomer conversion. When the monomer conversion reached 76.5 %, the change in the composition of MSAN was insignificant as the monomer conversion continued to increase. Moreover, MABS resin had a broad processing temperature window with MSAN copolymer as the matrix resin compared to the blends of PMMA and SAN, which were 170–240 °C and 190–200 °C, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Yini Cui,Jiyong Zhao,Minjie Qu,Zhipeng Wang
The toughened polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) was prepared using copolymer poly(aryl ether sulfone ketone) as the toughening agent, which was synthesized through copolycondensation of 2-phenyl-3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimide, 1,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)butane-1,4-diketone (BFB), and bis(4-fluorophenyl)sulfone (DFS) as monomers. The properties of the copolymers were regulated by controlling the ratio of BFB and DFS. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) exceeds 210°C, and the thermal decomposition temperature ( T d 5% ) surpasses 430°C, demonstrating the copolymer's excellent thermal stability. When the mole ratio of sulfone to ketone was 8:2, the impact strength exhibited an increase of approximately 178% compared to that of neat PPS. The influences of the toughening agent and blending method on the thermal properties, rheological properties, and mechanical properties of the blends were examined. Highlights Copolymer was synthesized as a toughening agent for polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). Copolymer demonstrates good thermal stability properties. Adding copolymer and EGMA significantly improved the toughness of PPS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 60
·期 6
·1194-1201
·
IF 1.917
Lu Xu,Baijun Liu,Mingyao Zhang,Yang Bai,Jinming Zhang,Jiayin Song
A series of methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (MABS) resins was prepared using bulk polymerization. The polarity of the continuous phase and the compatibility of two phases were changed by adjusting the methyl methacrylate (MMA) content, choosing values that were close to styrene-butadiene rubber solubility value. The possibility of controlling the microstructure of the MABS resin by changing the polarity of the components and the compatibility of two phases was assessed. The dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the compatibility of two phases varies with the MMA content. The morphological analysis shows that increasing MMA contents results in a gradual decrease in the sub-inclusion structure with a network skeleton of rubber particles, and that all the particles become solid rubber when the MMA content reaches 75%. The sub-inclusion structure reappears but does not have a network skeleton when the MMA content is 90%. The impact strength and morphological analysis indicate that the solid rubber particles and the sub-inclusion structure with a network skeleton provide excellent toughness, while the sub-inclusion structure without a network skeleton does not. In contrast, the transmittance of the ABS resin first increased and then decreased with increasing MMA content.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Yi-Ran Li,Ying-Ming Li,Wen-Juan Hu,Dan-Ping Zhu,Jose Hobson,Antonio Vázquez-López,De-Yi Wang
Epoxy resin (EP) is one kind of widely applicated thermosetting resin with excellent manufacturability, mechanical performance and chemical resistance, but its flammability seriously limited its widely application. In this work, the flame-retarding curing agent (BIPD) with was prepared by a simple one-step substitution reaction between benzimidazole (BI) and phenylphosphonyl dichloride (PD). When the mass fraction of BIPD is 10 %, the flexural strength and impact strength are 174.7 MPa and 14.9 KJ/m 2 , respectively, which are 15.5 % and 69 % higher than those of EP/BI 10 . The EP/BIPD 10 passed the UL-94 V-0 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) reaching to 33 %. Meanwhile, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) of EP/BIPD 10 decreased by 50.2 % and 37.8 %, the total smoke production (TSP) and the mass percentage of residues increased by 10.4% and 204.1 % than that of EP/BI 10 in the cone calorimeter (CC) measurement, showing a jointly flame-retarding process in the condensed and gas phase. Furthermore, the results of Raman spectrum , the thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PY-GC/MS) confirmed the conclusion.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Yu Cao,Zhanxin Liu,Jin Jiang,Ping Song,Shuyang Shao,Hui Zhao,Zhi Wang
Benzoxazine has aroused a lot of research interest because of its high mechanical performance and excellent thermal stability in polybenzoxazines. However, it suffers from its high curing temperature and long curing time, which necessitate resolution. This study addresses this issue by employing a surface-modified fly ash-assisted microwave curing method to achieve ultra-fast benzoxazine curing within 15 min. The impact strength of the resulting cured product displayed an increasing-then-decreasing trend with the addition of fly ash, reaching a maximum impact strength of 18.71 ± 1.20 kJ/m 2 at a 3% fly ash content. This value is 113.3% higher than the impact strength of pure PBA-a. Additionally, when using the same amount of fly ash, the microwave-cured product exhibited a flexural strength of up to 135.9 MPa and a flexural modulus of up to 6.71 GPa, surpassing those of pure PBA-a by 28.7% and 33.1%, respectively. Moreover, the glass transition temperature ( T g ) increased by 19.56°C. Furthermore, there was a slight improvement in flexural strength compared to the heat-cured product, and no significant loss in thermal properties was observed. The method demonstrated in this study presents a novel approach for the rapid molding and preparation of benzoxazine in composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Weiping Xu,Dan Zhao,Xiaoqing Jiang,Dong Chen,Wantai Yang,Yuhong Ma
This contribution investigates the toughness efficiency of poly(aryl ether sulfone)s (PSFs) with different number average molecular weights (M n , PSF2.4K: 2400 g/mol, PSF7.3K: 7300 g/mol, and PSF18K: 18000 g/mol) on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin (E51) with 4,4′-diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS) as curing agent. Compared to the pure E51/DDS epoxy resin (16.3 kJ/m 2 ), the impact strengths of the E51/DDS/PSF resins containing 10 wt% PSF2.4K, 5 wt% PSF7.3K and 10 wt% PSF18K increase up to 27.2 kJ/m 2 , 37.3 kJ/m 2 , and 39.7 kJ/m 2 , respectively, indicating that PSFs are very effective in toughening E51. The higher the M n of PSF, the higher the impact strength of the E51/DDS/PSF composites, meanwhile, the tensile modulus of the composites reduced slightly. For example, the tensile modulus of the E51/DDS/PSF composite with 5 wt% PSF18K decreases slightly from 1.75 GPa (pure E51/DDS) to 1.64 GPa. The effect of PSF18K on the toughness of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F epoxy resin (HS170), diglycidyl-4,5-epoxy-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate epoxy resin (TDE85), and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane epoxy resin (AG80), has also been examined. With the addition of 5 wt% PSF18K, the impact strength of HS170/DDS/PSF composite increases from 19.5 kJ/m 2 to 31.9 kJ/m 2 . However, PSF18K has no significant effect on the toughness of TDE85 and AG80. The results demonstrate that PSF is an effective toughening agent for bifunctional epoxy resins (E51 and HS170) but not for tri- and tetra-functional epoxy resins (TDE85 and AG80).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 38
·期 8
·867-876
·
IF 3.154
Chen Qi,Wang Shun,Qin Feng,Liu Kuan,Liu Qian,Zhao Qing,Wang Xing-Yi,Hu Yan-Hong
Polyimide (PI) synthesized from aromatic diamine and dianhydrides via two-step poly-condensation method was highly soluble in TGDDM (MY-720) and DGEBA (E-51) at desirable temperature. TGDDM-PI (M-PI) and DGEBA-PI (E-PI) composites within 0.5%-3% PI loading could be prepared without organic solvent. On the cryogenically fractured surfaces of M-PI and E-PI composites, no obvious heterogeneous phase was observed by SEM. The mechanical properties were promoted significantly by PI, especially for impact strength. Adding 2% PI-2W into MY-720 and E-51 composites, the impact strength increased to 21 and 51 kJ/m 2 , the tensile strength increased by 62% and 19%, and the flexural strength by 18% and 13%, respectively, with slight increases in tensile modulus. These results were related to the promotion in plasticity of composites and changes in fragile→ductile fracture mode. Moreover, T g and thermal stability of M-PI and E-PI were increased effectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Wei Bao,Yunbao Gao,Jianing Zhang,Jing Jin,Na Zhang,Baijun Liu,Mingyao Zhang,Zhaohui Su,Hongwen Liang,Xiangling Ji,Wei Jiang
Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends toughened with a core-shell structure were successfully prepared by melt-blending PLA with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and poly(ether-block-amide) (PEBA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy-infrared (AFM-IR) analyses confirmed the presence of core-shell structure in the PLA matrix, in which the core and the shell are PBAT and PEBA, respectively. To enhance the interfacial compatibility between PLA and PEBA, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted onto PEBA, yielding the PEBA-GMA copolymer. The epoxy groups in PEBA-GMA reacted with the end groups (-OH, -COOH) of PBAT and PLA, which enhanced the interfacial compatibility of PLA/PEBA and PEBA/PBAT, thereby facilitating the formation of a smaller dispersed phase with core-shell structure. Consequently, a super-toughened PLA/PEBA-GMA/PBAT blend was prepared. The PLA/PEBA-GMA5/PBAT (70/15/15) blends achieved a notched Izod impact strength of 72.9 kJ/m 2 . Moreover, with a fixed PLA matrix content of 80 wt.%, the upper limit of core PBAT content in PLA/PEBA-GMA3/PBAT blends was18 wt.%, while the minimum shell PEBA-GMA3 content was 2 wt.% to ensure that the blends were ductile fracture. The composite of this blend had a lower stiffness loss, i.e., 26%, demonstrating a well-balanced toughness and stiffness. Furthermore, the PLA/PEBA-GMA3/PBAT (70/25/5) blend exhibited excellent toughness at low temperatures, achieving a notched Izod impact strength of 47.1 kJ/m 2 at -20 °C. Enzyme degradation experiments confirmed that the PLA blends retained the biodegradability of PLA, PBAT, and PEBA, ensuring that the blends were environmentally friendly.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 6
·1-14
·
IF 2.6
Jiang Jiacheng,He Zhen,Yin Wang,Chen Rui,He Jing,Lang Meidong
As a typical biodegradable material, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has great development potential in fields such as packaging, textiles and biomedical applications due to its high modulus and strength as well as excellent biocompatibility. However, the inherent brittleness and poor toughness of PLA significantly limit its widespread application. In this study, a biodegradable aliphatic–aromatic copolyester called poly(ethylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PEAT) was synthesized using the industrially well-established direct esterification method. PEAT demonstrated excellent flexibility and extremely high fracture elongation. Its fracture elongation exceeded 900%, making it a highly ductile material with exceptional toughness. Given the complementary nature of PLA and PEAT, blending PLA with PEAT becomes a natural choice for improving the performance of PLA. The influence of the addition of PEAT on the mechanical properties, thermal performance, crystallization, phase morphology and rheological behavior of the blends was thoroughly investigated. With the addition of PEAT, the fracture mode changed from brittle fracture of the neat PLA to ductile fracture of the blends as illustrated by tensile test. The best toughening effect on PLA was achieved at a PEAT content of 30 wt%, with the elongation at break increasing from 6.7% for neat PLA to 359% for the binary blend, an improvement of 53 times. Additionally, the impact strength also increased from 4.4 kJ/m 2 to 10.5 kJ/m 2 , an increase of 138%. DSC revealed that PEAT had a certain influence on the crystallization behavior of PLA. SEM showed that the PEAT toughening mechanism was primarily attributed to a shear yielding mechanism triggered by debonding cavitation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Wenhe Ding,Hongyan Liu,Yanyan Bo,Siqi Zhan,Zaiqian Yu,Yuting Zhang,Ruize Yuan,Shiwei Wang,Mingyao Zhang
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been applied to high-performance laminated glass depending on its high impact strength and bonding properties. The utilization of various polyurethane molecular structures in laminated glass is scarcely reported. The selection and application of chain extenders are crucial for TPU performance. In this work, aliphatic polyurethane film with high strength has been successfully synthesized, incorporating chain extender of poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (PEA230). The films with melting point above 80°C were prepared by adjusting the proportion of dimethylglyoxime (DMG), while simultaneously monitoring the thermal behavior of the samples by DMA. Results indicate that combining PEA230 and DMG in a 1:1 molar ratio yields the hydrogen bonding degree of 85.77%, toughness of 43.14 MJ m 3 , and shear stress of 1.8 MPa for the polyurethane film. Subsequently, laminated glasses based on the polyurethane film with different thermal properties were constructed successfully, and their super strong impact resistance was confirmed through falling ball impact experiments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Qingyun Lu,Qianqian Fan,Fengfeng Zhang,Jiahui Li,Qi Cao,Xigao Jian,Zhihuan Weng
Toughening epoxy resins with modifiers without compromising their modulus and mechanical strength poses a significant challenge. In this work, a bio-based N-heterocyclic-containing reactive toughening agent, HPESZ, was synthesized based on cinnamon derivatives and succinic anhydride. And then the HPESZ was incorporated into the bisphenol A epoxy resin/4, 4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (E44/DDM) curing system to evaluate its effect on the toughening of epoxy resins. The results suggested that the impact strength of the E44/5 %HPESZ/DDM blended system achieved a peak value of 72.4 kJ m −2 , representing a 90.0 % increase over the E44/DDM system (38.1 kJ m −2 ). Subsequently, the toughened system was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to explain its phase structure and toughening mechanism. The cured system produced the chemically induced microphase separation, and the presence of epoxide groups and terminated hydroxyl groups enhanced the interfacial compatibility of E44/DDM, thereby increasing the impact strength. Moreover, the flexural strength, flexural modulus, hardness, and Young's modulus of the blended system were also improved simultaneously. In conclusion, HPESZ is a reactive bio-based toughening agent with promising practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）